UPSC Editorials Quiz : 13 September 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements about the impact of polar ice melt on marine ecosystems: Habitat loss due to ice melt primarily affects species like polar bears and penguins. Changing salinity levels and water temperatures in the ocean are altering the biodiversity of marine ecosystems. Ocean acidification benefits shell-forming marine species by creating more favorable environments. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct because polar ice melt leads to habitat loss for species like polar bears and penguins, which depend on sea ice for hunting and breeding. Statement 2 is also correct, as changing salinity and rising ocean temperatures due to melting ice are altering marine biodiversity, affecting species composition and distribution. However, statement 3 is incorrect because ocean acidification harms shell-forming species by reducing the availability of carbonate ions, which are essential for building shells. Acidification poses a severe threat to these species. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct because polar ice melt leads to habitat loss for species like polar bears and penguins, which depend on sea ice for hunting and breeding. Statement 2 is also correct, as changing salinity and rising ocean temperatures due to melting ice are altering marine biodiversity, affecting species composition and distribution. However, statement 3 is incorrect because ocean acidification harms shell-forming species by reducing the availability of carbonate ions, which are essential for building shells. Acidification poses a severe threat to these species.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about the impact of polar ice melt on marine ecosystems:

• Habitat loss due to ice melt primarily affects species like polar bears and penguins.

• Changing salinity levels and water temperatures in the ocean are altering the biodiversity of marine ecosystems.

• Ocean acidification benefits shell-forming marine species by creating more favorable environments.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct because polar ice melt leads to habitat loss for species like polar bears and penguins, which depend on sea ice for hunting and breeding.

Statement 2 is also correct, as changing salinity and rising ocean temperatures due to melting ice are altering marine biodiversity, affecting species composition and distribution.

However, statement 3 is incorrect because ocean acidification harms shell-forming species by reducing the availability of carbonate ions, which are essential for building shells. Acidification poses a severe threat to these species.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct because polar ice melt leads to habitat loss for species like polar bears and penguins, which depend on sea ice for hunting and breeding.

Statement 2 is also correct, as changing salinity and rising ocean temperatures due to melting ice are altering marine biodiversity, affecting species composition and distribution.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding sickle cell disease: Sickle cell disease shortens the lifespan of patients to approximately 40 years. It is caused by a genetic abnormality passed on when both parents carry the sickle cell trait. Sickle cell disease can be treated with antiviral medications. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct, as sickle cell disease typically reduces life expectancy to around 40 years due to various complications like organ damage, infections, and pain. Statement 2 is also correct, as the disease is genetic, passed on when both parents carry the sickle cell trait. Sickle cell disease is most prevalent in tribal and rural regions of India, not urban areas. Statement 3 is incorrect because sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder, not caused by a virus, and cannot be treated with antiviral medications. Hydroxyurea, a vital medicine for treating sickle cell disease, been included in the essential medicines list; this has increased access to it. Source Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct, as sickle cell disease typically reduces life expectancy to around 40 years due to various complications like organ damage, infections, and pain. Statement 2 is also correct, as the disease is genetic, passed on when both parents carry the sickle cell trait. Sickle cell disease is most prevalent in tribal and rural regions of India, not urban areas. Statement 3 is incorrect because sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder, not caused by a virus, and cannot be treated with antiviral medications. Hydroxyurea, a vital medicine for treating sickle cell disease, been included in the essential medicines list; this has increased access to it. Source

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding sickle cell disease:

• Sickle cell disease shortens the lifespan of patients to approximately 40 years.

• It is caused by a genetic abnormality passed on when both parents carry the sickle cell trait.

• Sickle cell disease can be treated with antiviral medications.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 2 and 3 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct, as sickle cell disease typically reduces life expectancy to around 40 years due to various complications like organ damage, infections, and pain.

Statement 2 is also correct, as the disease is genetic, passed on when both parents carry the sickle cell trait. Sickle cell disease is most prevalent in tribal and rural regions of India, not urban areas.

Statement 3 is incorrect because sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder, not caused by a virus, and cannot be treated with antiviral medications.

Hydroxyurea, a vital medicine for treating sickle cell disease, been included in the essential medicines list; this has increased access to it.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct, as sickle cell disease typically reduces life expectancy to around 40 years due to various complications like organ damage, infections, and pain.

Statement 3 is incorrect because sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder, not caused by a virus, and cannot be treated with antiviral medications.

Hydroxyurea, a vital medicine for treating sickle cell disease, been included in the essential medicines list; this has increased access to it.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about TB control measures in India: Rapid molecular testing has improved the detection and treatment of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). India’s TB incidence reduction rate from 2015 to 2022 is slower than the global average. The Directly Observed Therapy Short-course (DOTS) programme introduced supervised drug administration, revolutionizing TB care in India. Which of the above statements are incorrect? a) 1 and 3 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 2 only d) 2 and 3 only Correct Solution: c) Rapid molecular testing has indeed been a game changer for diagnosing and treating multidrug-resistant TB in India, leading to better detection rates and treatment outcomes. The Directly Observed Therapy Short-course (DOTS) programme was an earlier initiative that significantly improved TB care by ensuring that patients adhered to their drug regimens under supervision. However, statement 2 is incorrect because India’s reduction in TB incidence from 2015 to 2022 is nearly double the global average, showcasing India’s commitment to eradicating TB. Source Incorrect Solution: c) Rapid molecular testing has indeed been a game changer for diagnosing and treating multidrug-resistant TB in India, leading to better detection rates and treatment outcomes. The Directly Observed Therapy Short-course (DOTS) programme was an earlier initiative that significantly improved TB care by ensuring that patients adhered to their drug regimens under supervision. However, statement 2 is incorrect because India’s reduction in TB incidence from 2015 to 2022 is nearly double the global average, showcasing India’s commitment to eradicating TB. Source

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about TB control measures in India:

• Rapid molecular testing has improved the detection and treatment of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).

• India’s TB incidence reduction rate from 2015 to 2022 is slower than the global average.

• The Directly Observed Therapy Short-course (DOTS) programme introduced supervised drug administration, revolutionizing TB care in India.

Which of the above statements are incorrect?

• a) 1 and 3 only

• b) 1 and 2 only

• d) 2 and 3 only

Solution: c)

Rapid molecular testing has indeed been a game changer for diagnosing and treating multidrug-resistant TB in India, leading to better detection rates and treatment outcomes. The Directly Observed Therapy Short-course (DOTS) programme was an earlier initiative that significantly improved TB care by ensuring that patients adhered to their drug regimens under supervision. However, statement 2 is incorrect because India’s reduction in TB incidence from 2015 to 2022 is nearly double the global average, showcasing India’s commitment to eradicating TB.

Solution: c)

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question What makes helium valuable for detecting leaks in rocket systems? a) Its high cost, which ensures careful use b) Its high reactivity with metals c) Its ability to solidify easily d) Its small atomic size Correct Solution: d) Helium’s small atomic size allows it to easily escape through the smallest of leaks, making it highly valuable in detecting potential leaks in rocket systems. Engineers use helium to test and maintain the integrity of these systems, ensuring no gas leakage, which could compromise the rocket’s performance. This property, combined with its inert nature, makes helium an efficient tool for leak detection in highly sensitive aerospace systems. Incorrect Solution: d) Helium’s small atomic size allows it to easily escape through the smallest of leaks, making it highly valuable in detecting potential leaks in rocket systems. Engineers use helium to test and maintain the integrity of these systems, ensuring no gas leakage, which could compromise the rocket’s performance. This property, combined with its inert nature, makes helium an efficient tool for leak detection in highly sensitive aerospace systems.

#### 4. Question

What makes helium valuable for detecting leaks in rocket systems?

• a) Its high cost, which ensures careful use

• b) Its high reactivity with metals

• c) Its ability to solidify easily

• d) Its small atomic size

Solution: d)

Helium’s small atomic size allows it to easily escape through the smallest of leaks, making it highly valuable in detecting potential leaks in rocket systems. Engineers use helium to test and maintain the integrity of these systems, ensuring no gas leakage, which could compromise the rocket’s performance. This property, combined with its inert nature, makes helium an efficient tool for leak detection in highly sensitive aerospace systems.

Solution: d)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question What is the primary purpose of the WHO Global Framework for Pathogen Origins? a) To develop vaccines for novel pathogens b) To unify approaches for investigating new or re-emerging pathogens c) To regulate the global trade of biological samples d) To standardize clinical trials for new diseases Correct Solution: b) The WHO Global Framework for Pathogen Origins aims to provide a unified, comprehensive approach for investigating the origins of new or re-emerging pathogens. This framework helps countries identify the source of outbreaks and understand the mechanisms of transmission, ensuring that the world can better prevent and respond to future global health crises. Incorrect Solution: b) The WHO Global Framework for Pathogen Origins aims to provide a unified, comprehensive approach for investigating the origins of new or re-emerging pathogens. This framework helps countries identify the source of outbreaks and understand the mechanisms of transmission, ensuring that the world can better prevent and respond to future global health crises.

#### 5. Question

What is the primary purpose of the WHO Global Framework for Pathogen Origins?

• a) To develop vaccines for novel pathogens

• b) To unify approaches for investigating new or re-emerging pathogens

• c) To regulate the global trade of biological samples

• d) To standardize clinical trials for new diseases

Solution: b)

The WHO Global Framework for Pathogen Origins aims to provide a unified, comprehensive approach for investigating the origins of new or re-emerging pathogens. This framework helps countries identify the source of outbreaks and understand the mechanisms of transmission, ensuring that the world can better prevent and respond to future global health crises.

Solution: b)

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