UPSC Editorials Quiz : 13 November 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements on equitable and reasonable utilization (ERU) as per the UN Watercourses Convention: ERU ensures that upstream states have exclusive rights to water usage. ERU aims to allocate water resources based on social and economic needs of all riparian states. ERU requires states to notify each other before utilizing shared water resources. Which of the above statements is correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: b) The concept of equitable and reasonable utilization (ERU) under the UN Watercourses Convention aims to promote a fair distribution of shared water resources among all riparian states, considering their social, economic, and environmental needs. ERU does not provide exclusive rights to upstream states; instead, it supports a balanced approach that prevents any single state from monopolizing the shared resource. This principle encourages cooperation and respect for each state’s needs while also acknowledging the importance of sustainable water use. Although notifying other states of water usage activities can be a part of broader cooperative measures, it is not an explicit requirement within the ERU principle itself. Incorrect Solution: b) The concept of equitable and reasonable utilization (ERU) under the UN Watercourses Convention aims to promote a fair distribution of shared water resources among all riparian states, considering their social, economic, and environmental needs. ERU does not provide exclusive rights to upstream states; instead, it supports a balanced approach that prevents any single state from monopolizing the shared resource. This principle encourages cooperation and respect for each state’s needs while also acknowledging the importance of sustainable water use. Although notifying other states of water usage activities can be a part of broader cooperative measures, it is not an explicit requirement within the ERU principle itself.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements on equitable and reasonable utilization (ERU) as per the UN Watercourses Convention:

• ERU ensures that upstream states have exclusive rights to water usage.

• ERU aims to allocate water resources based on social and economic needs of all riparian states.

• ERU requires states to notify each other before utilizing shared water resources.

Which of the above statements is correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: b)

• The concept of equitable and reasonable utilization (ERU) under the UN Watercourses Convention aims to promote a fair distribution of shared water resources among all riparian states, considering their social, economic, and environmental needs.

• ERU does not provide exclusive rights to upstream states; instead, it supports a balanced approach that prevents any single state from monopolizing the shared resource.

• This principle encourages cooperation and respect for each state’s needs while also acknowledging the importance of sustainable water use.

Although notifying other states of water usage activities can be a part of broader cooperative measures, it is not an explicit requirement within the ERU principle itself.

Solution: b)

• ERU does not provide exclusive rights to upstream states; instead, it supports a balanced approach that prevents any single state from monopolizing the shared resource.

• This principle encourages cooperation and respect for each state’s needs while also acknowledging the importance of sustainable water use.

Although notifying other states of water usage activities can be a part of broader cooperative measures, it is not an explicit requirement within the ERU principle itself.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Which of the following Supreme Court cases affirmed the right of minority institutions to set their own admission policies, provided they maintain national standards for quality education? a) T.M.A Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002) b) Pramati Educational and Cultural Trust v. Union of India (2014) c) St. Stephen’s College v. University of Delhi (1992) d) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973) Correct Solution: c) In St. Stephen’s College v. University of Delhi (1992), the Supreme Court upheld the right of minority institutions to establish their own admission policies, provided they maintain national educational standards. This ruling acknowledged the autonomy of minority institutions in selecting students while ensuring they meet quality standards. Option (a), T.M.A Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002), primarily addressed guidelines for determining minority status and autonomy but did not specifically focus on admission policies. Option (b), Pramati Educational and Cultural Trust v. Union of India (2014), exempted minority institutions from RTE reservations. Option (d), Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), dealt with the basic structure doctrine unrelated to minority institutions. Incorrect Solution: c) In St. Stephen’s College v. University of Delhi (1992), the Supreme Court upheld the right of minority institutions to establish their own admission policies, provided they maintain national educational standards. This ruling acknowledged the autonomy of minority institutions in selecting students while ensuring they meet quality standards. Option (a), T.M.A Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002), primarily addressed guidelines for determining minority status and autonomy but did not specifically focus on admission policies. Option (b), Pramati Educational and Cultural Trust v. Union of India (2014), exempted minority institutions from RTE reservations. Option (d), Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), dealt with the basic structure doctrine unrelated to minority institutions.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following Supreme Court cases affirmed the right of minority institutions to set their own admission policies, provided they maintain national standards for quality education?

• a) T.M.A Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002)

• b) Pramati Educational and Cultural Trust v. Union of India (2014)

• c) St. Stephen’s College v. University of Delhi (1992)

• d) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)

Solution: c)

In St. Stephen’s College v. University of Delhi (1992), the Supreme Court upheld the right of minority institutions to establish their own admission policies, provided they maintain national educational standards. This ruling acknowledged the autonomy of minority institutions in selecting students while ensuring they meet quality standards.

Option (a), T.M.A Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002), primarily addressed guidelines for determining minority status and autonomy but did not specifically focus on admission policies.

Option (b), Pramati Educational and Cultural Trust v. Union of India (2014), exempted minority institutions from RTE reservations.

Option (d), Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), dealt with the basic structure doctrine unrelated to minority institutions.

Solution: c)

Option (a), T.M.A Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002), primarily addressed guidelines for determining minority status and autonomy but did not specifically focus on admission policies.

Option (b), Pramati Educational and Cultural Trust v. Union of India (2014), exempted minority institutions from RTE reservations.

Option (d), Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), dealt with the basic structure doctrine unrelated to minority institutions.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about the characteristics of 6G technology: 6G promises ultra-reliable low latency communication, crucial for applications in real-time industrial automation. Enhanced security in 6G relies on more robust encryption and authentication protocols. High-speed data transfer in 6G will use frequency ranges exceeding hundreds of GHz. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) is a core 6G feature, providing almost instantaneous data transmission that will support real-time applications such as remote surgery, industrial automation, and VR/AR. Enhanced security will be necessary to handle the sensitive data exchanged in 6G, incorporating more advanced encryption and multifactor authentication. High-speed data transfers in the 6G era are anticipated to operate in THz frequencies, allowing unprecedented data rates and supporting intensive data-driven applications. Incorrect Solution: c) Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) is a core 6G feature, providing almost instantaneous data transmission that will support real-time applications such as remote surgery, industrial automation, and VR/AR. Enhanced security will be necessary to handle the sensitive data exchanged in 6G, incorporating more advanced encryption and multifactor authentication. High-speed data transfers in the 6G era are anticipated to operate in THz frequencies, allowing unprecedented data rates and supporting intensive data-driven applications.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about the characteristics of 6G technology:

• 6G promises ultra-reliable low latency communication, crucial for applications in real-time industrial automation.

• Enhanced security in 6G relies on more robust encryption and authentication protocols.

• High-speed data transfer in 6G will use frequency ranges exceeding hundreds of GHz.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

• Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) is a core 6G feature, providing almost instantaneous data transmission that will support real-time applications such as remote surgery, industrial automation, and VR/AR.

• Enhanced security will be necessary to handle the sensitive data exchanged in 6G, incorporating more advanced encryption and multifactor authentication.

High-speed data transfers in the 6G era are anticipated to operate in THz frequencies, allowing unprecedented data rates and supporting intensive data-driven applications.

Solution: c)

• Enhanced security will be necessary to handle the sensitive data exchanged in 6G, incorporating more advanced encryption and multifactor authentication.

High-speed data transfers in the 6G era are anticipated to operate in THz frequencies, allowing unprecedented data rates and supporting intensive data-driven applications.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements about the Pinaka Rocket Missile System: It was first used during the Indo-Pak War of 1971. The Pinaka system can fire multiple rockets within seconds, effectively covering a wide target area. Current variants of Pinaka have an operational range extending up to 1000 km. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect, as the Pinaka was first used operationally during the Kargil War, not the Indo-Pak War of 1971. Statement 2 is correct. The Pinaka system is capable of launching multiple rockets in quick succession, covering a large target area of 700 × 500 square meters, making it highly effective against enemy troops, equipment, and facilities. Statement 3 is incorrect. Although the range of the current operational variant is up to 75 km, extended-range guided variants are in development, expected to reach up to 120 km and even 300 km in the future. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect, as the Pinaka was first used operationally during the Kargil War, not the Indo-Pak War of 1971. Statement 2 is correct. The Pinaka system is capable of launching multiple rockets in quick succession, covering a large target area of 700 × 500 square meters, making it highly effective against enemy troops, equipment, and facilities. Statement 3 is incorrect. Although the range of the current operational variant is up to 75 km, extended-range guided variants are in development, expected to reach up to 120 km and even 300 km in the future.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about the Pinaka Rocket Missile System:

• It was first used during the Indo-Pak War of 1971.

• The Pinaka system can fire multiple rockets within seconds, effectively covering a wide target area.

• Current variants of Pinaka have an operational range extending up to 1000 km.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect, as the Pinaka was first used operationally during the Kargil War, not the Indo-Pak War of 1971.

Statement 2 is correct. The Pinaka system is capable of launching multiple rockets in quick succession, covering a large target area of 700 × 500 square meters, making it highly effective against enemy troops, equipment, and facilities.

Statement 3 is incorrect. Although the range of the current operational variant is up to 75 km, extended-range guided variants are in development, expected to reach up to 120 km and even 300 km in the future.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect, as the Pinaka was first used operationally during the Kargil War, not the Indo-Pak War of 1971.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question What is the main purpose of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement? a) To set emission reduction targets for each country b) To develop domestic climate policies for developed countries only c) To provide a regulatory mechanism for national carbon taxes d) To establish frameworks for international carbon trading to meet climate goals Correct Solution: d) The primary purpose of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement is to create a structure for international carbon trading. This mechanism allows countries to trade carbon credits to meet their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) more cost-effectively. Through both bilateral agreements (Article 6.2) and a centralized UN-managed system (Article 6.4), Article 6 promotes the global exchange of carbon credits, enabling emission reduction financing in developing countries and fostering climate collaboration. Incorrect Solution: d) The primary purpose of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement is to create a structure for international carbon trading. This mechanism allows countries to trade carbon credits to meet their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) more cost-effectively. Through both bilateral agreements (Article 6.2) and a centralized UN-managed system (Article 6.4), Article 6 promotes the global exchange of carbon credits, enabling emission reduction financing in developing countries and fostering climate collaboration.

#### 5. Question

What is the main purpose of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement?

• a) To set emission reduction targets for each country

• b) To develop domestic climate policies for developed countries only

• c) To provide a regulatory mechanism for national carbon taxes

• d) To establish frameworks for international carbon trading to meet climate goals

Solution: d)

The primary purpose of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement is to create a structure for international carbon trading. This mechanism allows countries to trade carbon credits to meet their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) more cost-effectively. Through both bilateral agreements (Article 6.2) and a centralized UN-managed system (Article 6.4), Article 6 promotes the global exchange of carbon credits, enabling emission reduction financing in developing countries and fostering climate collaboration.

Solution: d)

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