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UPSC Editorials Quiz : 10 October 2025

Kartavya Desk Staff

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question The Barak River originates from which geographical feature? a) Barail Range b) Khasi Hills b) Khasi Hills d) Manipur Hills Correct Solution: D About Barak River: Origin and Course: Rises in the Manipur Hills, flows into Assam, and later enters Bangladesh as the Surma and Kushiyara rivers. Joins the Meghna River, receiving the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra. Tributaries: Major tributaries include the Jiri, Dhaleswari, Singla, Longai, Sonai, and Katakhal. Drainage and Sub-basin: Covers a drainage area of 41,723 sq. km in India, about 1.38% of the country’s total geographical area. Lies across Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, Tripura, and Nagaland. Geographic Boundaries: Bounded by the Barail range to the north, the Lushai Hills to the east, and Bangladesh to the south and west. Incorrect Solution: D About Barak River: Origin and Course: Rises in the Manipur Hills, flows into Assam, and later enters Bangladesh as the Surma and Kushiyara rivers. Joins the Meghna River, receiving the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra. Tributaries: Major tributaries include the Jiri, Dhaleswari, Singla, Longai, Sonai, and Katakhal. Drainage and Sub-basin: Covers a drainage area of 41,723 sq. km in India, about 1.38% of the country’s total geographical area. Lies across Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, Tripura, and Nagaland. Geographic Boundaries: Bounded by the Barail range to the north, the Lushai Hills to the east, and Bangladesh to the south and west.

#### 1. Question

The Barak River originates from which geographical feature?

• a) Barail Range

• b) Khasi Hills

• b) Khasi Hills

• d) Manipur Hills

Solution: D

About Barak River:

Origin and Course: Rises in the Manipur Hills, flows into Assam, and later enters Bangladesh as the Surma and Kushiyara rivers. Joins the Meghna River, receiving the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra.

• Rises in the Manipur Hills, flows into Assam, and later enters Bangladesh as the Surma and Kushiyara rivers.

• Joins the Meghna River, receiving the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra.

Tributaries: Major tributaries include the Jiri, Dhaleswari, Singla, Longai, Sonai, and Katakhal.

• Major tributaries include the Jiri, Dhaleswari, Singla, Longai, Sonai, and Katakhal.

Drainage and Sub-basin: Covers a drainage area of 41,723 sq. km in India, about 1.38% of the country’s total geographical area. Lies across Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, Tripura, and Nagaland.

• Covers a drainage area of 41,723 sq. km in India, about 1.38% of the country’s total geographical area.

• Lies across Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, Tripura, and Nagaland.

Geographic Boundaries: Bounded by the Barail range to the north, the Lushai Hills to the east, and Bangladesh to the south and west.

• Bounded by the Barail range to the north, the Lushai Hills to the east, and Bangladesh to the south and west.

Solution: D

About Barak River:

Origin and Course: Rises in the Manipur Hills, flows into Assam, and later enters Bangladesh as the Surma and Kushiyara rivers. Joins the Meghna River, receiving the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra.

• Rises in the Manipur Hills, flows into Assam, and later enters Bangladesh as the Surma and Kushiyara rivers.

• Joins the Meghna River, receiving the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra.

Tributaries: Major tributaries include the Jiri, Dhaleswari, Singla, Longai, Sonai, and Katakhal.

• Major tributaries include the Jiri, Dhaleswari, Singla, Longai, Sonai, and Katakhal.

Drainage and Sub-basin: Covers a drainage area of 41,723 sq. km in India, about 1.38% of the country’s total geographical area. Lies across Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, Tripura, and Nagaland.

• Covers a drainage area of 41,723 sq. km in India, about 1.38% of the country’s total geographical area.

• Lies across Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, Tripura, and Nagaland.

Geographic Boundaries: Bounded by the Barail range to the north, the Lushai Hills to the east, and Bangladesh to the south and west.

• Bounded by the Barail range to the north, the Lushai Hills to the east, and Bangladesh to the south and west.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Panchachuli Mountain Range is located in which Himalayan region? a) Dhauladhar Range b) Pir Panjal Range c) Kumaon Himalayas d) Garhwal Himalayas Correct Solution: C About Panchachuli Mountain Range: Group of Peaks: Comprises five snow-capped peaks, forming a part of the Kumaon Himalayas in Uttarakhand, India. Altitude Range: Peaks rise from 6,334 m (20,781 ft) to 6,904 m (22,651 ft), with Panchchuli II being the tallest. Geographical Significance: Lies at the watershed between the Gori and Darmaganga valleys, near Munsiyari, and on the Gori Ganga-Lassar Yankti divide. Cultural Legend: Named after the Pandavas’ “Five Chulis” (cooking hearths) from Indian mythology. First Ascent: Panchchuli II was first scaled by an Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) team led by Mahendra Singh on May 26, 1973. Tourism Impact: Located 138 km from Pithoragarh, the peaks attract trekkers and pilgrims but face environmental degradation due to human activities. Incorrect Solution: C About Panchachuli Mountain Range: Group of Peaks: Comprises five snow-capped peaks, forming a part of the Kumaon Himalayas in Uttarakhand, India. Altitude Range: Peaks rise from 6,334 m (20,781 ft) to 6,904 m (22,651 ft), with Panchchuli II being the tallest. Geographical Significance: Lies at the watershed between the Gori and Darmaganga valleys, near Munsiyari, and on the Gori Ganga-Lassar Yankti divide. Cultural Legend: Named after the Pandavas’ “Five Chulis” (cooking hearths) from Indian mythology. First Ascent: Panchchuli II was first scaled by an Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) team led by Mahendra Singh on May 26, 1973. Tourism Impact: Located 138 km from Pithoragarh, the peaks attract trekkers and pilgrims but face environmental degradation due to human activities.

#### 2. Question

Panchachuli Mountain Range is located in which Himalayan region?

• a) Dhauladhar Range

• b) Pir Panjal Range

• c) Kumaon Himalayas

• d) Garhwal Himalayas

Solution: C

About Panchachuli Mountain Range:

Group of Peaks: Comprises five snow-capped peaks, forming a part of the Kumaon Himalayas in Uttarakhand, India.

Altitude Range: Peaks rise from 6,334 m (20,781 ft) to 6,904 m (22,651 ft), with Panchchuli II being the tallest.

Geographical Significance: Lies at the watershed between the Gori and Darmaganga valleys, near Munsiyari, and on the Gori Ganga-Lassar Yankti divide.

Cultural Legend: Named after the Pandavas’ “Five Chulis” (cooking hearths) from Indian mythology.

First Ascent: Panchchuli II was first scaled by an Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) team led by Mahendra Singh on May 26, 1973.

Tourism Impact: Located 138 km from Pithoragarh, the peaks attract trekkers and pilgrims but face environmental degradation due to human activities.

Solution: C

About Panchachuli Mountain Range:

Group of Peaks: Comprises five snow-capped peaks, forming a part of the Kumaon Himalayas in Uttarakhand, India.

Altitude Range: Peaks rise from 6,334 m (20,781 ft) to 6,904 m (22,651 ft), with Panchchuli II being the tallest.

Geographical Significance: Lies at the watershed between the Gori and Darmaganga valleys, near Munsiyari, and on the Gori Ganga-Lassar Yankti divide.

Cultural Legend: Named after the Pandavas’ “Five Chulis” (cooking hearths) from Indian mythology.

First Ascent: Panchchuli II was first scaled by an Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) team led by Mahendra Singh on May 26, 1973.

Tourism Impact: Located 138 km from Pithoragarh, the peaks attract trekkers and pilgrims but face environmental degradation due to human activities.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question What is pathogen spillover in the context of pollinators? a) A natural immunization process among wild pollinators b) The transfer of pathogens from wild pollinators to plants c) A phenomenon where pathogens are eradicated from ecosystems d) The transmission of pathogens from managed honey bees to wild pollinators Correct Solution: D Research found that pathogen spillover from managed honey bees to wild pollinators poses a serious threat, with shared habitats facilitating disease transmission and endangering pollinator ecosystems. Pathogen Spillover: Occurs when pathogens jump from one species (e.g., managed honeybees) to another (e.g., wild pollinators) due to shared habitats. Pathogen Spillback: Happens when pathogens from wild species return to infect the original host species (e.g., managed honeybees), often in more virulent forms. Incorrect Solution: D Research found that pathogen spillover from managed honey bees to wild pollinators poses a serious threat, with shared habitats facilitating disease transmission and endangering pollinator ecosystems. Pathogen Spillover: Occurs when pathogens jump from one species (e.g., managed honeybees) to another (e.g., wild pollinators) due to shared habitats. Pathogen Spillback: Happens when pathogens from wild species return to infect the original host species (e.g., managed honeybees), often in more virulent forms.

#### 3. Question

What is pathogen spillover in the context of pollinators?

• a) A natural immunization process among wild pollinators

• b) The transfer of pathogens from wild pollinators to plants

• c) A phenomenon where pathogens are eradicated from ecosystems

• d) The transmission of pathogens from managed honey bees to wild pollinators

Solution: D

Research found that pathogen spillover from managed honey bees to wild pollinators poses a serious threat, with shared habitats facilitating disease transmission and endangering pollinator ecosystems.

Pathogen Spillover: Occurs when pathogens jump from one species (e.g., managed honeybees) to another (e.g., wild pollinators) due to shared habitats.

Pathogen Spillback: Happens when pathogens from wild species return to infect the original host species (e.g., managed honeybees), often in more virulent forms.

Solution: D

Research found that pathogen spillover from managed honey bees to wild pollinators poses a serious threat, with shared habitats facilitating disease transmission and endangering pollinator ecosystems.

Pathogen Spillover: Occurs when pathogens jump from one species (e.g., managed honeybees) to another (e.g., wild pollinators) due to shared habitats.

Pathogen Spillback: Happens when pathogens from wild species return to infect the original host species (e.g., managed honeybees), often in more virulent forms.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements about India’s first hypersonic missile: It has a maximum range of 500 km, suitable for short-range missions. It cannot carry nuclear warheads due to treaty restrictions. The missile is primarily designed for exclusive naval use against enemy warships. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: D Statement 1 is incorrect: The missile has a long range of over 1,500 km, making it suitable for deep-strike missions. Statement 2 is incorrect: The missile has a multi-payload capacity, enabling it to carry both conventional and nuclear warheads. Statement 3 is incorrect: While it has a naval version, the missile is designed for multi-domain use, including land, air, and naval platforms. About India’s First Hypersonic Missile: Features Mach 6 Speed: Travels six times the speed of sound, reducing enemy reaction time. Long Range: Covers over 1,500 km for deep-strike missions. Mid-Flight Manoeuvrability: Combines ballistic missile speed with cruise missile agility to evade defences. Multi-Payload Capacity: Can carry conventional or nuclear warheads. Advanced Tracking: Precision targeting ensured by cutting-edge multi-domain monitoring systems. Indigenous Design: Fully developed by DRDO, showcasing India’s self-reliance in advanced defence technology. Capabilities: Strategic Deterrence: Enhances defence readiness and border security. Multi-Domain Use: Adaptable for land, air, and naval platforms, including ship-targeting. Defence Evasion: Overcomes modern missile defence systems with speed and agility. Precision Strikes: Pinpoint targeting of critical enemy assets with minimal collateral damage. Applications: Multiple uses across Army, Navy, and Air Force; naval version aimed at destroying enemy warships with precision at long ranges. Developmental Background: Builds upon the Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) project initiated in 2019. Global Context: Positions India alongside major military powers like China, Russia, and the US in hypersonic weapon technology. Incorrect Solution: D Statement 1 is incorrect: The missile has a long range of over 1,500 km, making it suitable for deep-strike missions. Statement 2 is incorrect: The missile has a multi-payload capacity, enabling it to carry both conventional and nuclear warheads. Statement 3 is incorrect: While it has a naval version, the missile is designed for multi-domain use, including land, air, and naval platforms. About India’s First Hypersonic Missile: Features Mach 6 Speed: Travels six times the speed of sound, reducing enemy reaction time. Long Range: Covers over 1,500 km for deep-strike missions. Mid-Flight Manoeuvrability: Combines ballistic missile speed with cruise missile agility to evade defences. Multi-Payload Capacity: Can carry conventional or nuclear warheads. Advanced Tracking: Precision targeting ensured by cutting-edge multi-domain monitoring systems. Indigenous Design: Fully developed by DRDO, showcasing India’s self-reliance in advanced defence technology. Capabilities: Strategic Deterrence: Enhances defence readiness and border security. Multi-Domain Use: Adaptable for land, air, and naval platforms, including ship-targeting. Defence Evasion: Overcomes modern missile defence systems with speed and agility. Precision Strikes: Pinpoint targeting of critical enemy assets with minimal collateral damage. Applications: Multiple uses across Army, Navy, and Air Force; naval version aimed at destroying enemy warships with precision at long ranges. Developmental Background: Builds upon the Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) project initiated in 2019. Global Context: Positions India alongside major military powers like China, Russia, and the US in hypersonic weapon technology.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about India’s first hypersonic missile:

• It has a maximum range of 500 km, suitable for short-range missions.

• It cannot carry nuclear warheads due to treaty restrictions.

• The missile is primarily designed for exclusive naval use against enemy warships.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: D

Statement 1 is incorrect: The missile has a long range of over 1,500 km, making it suitable for deep-strike missions.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The missile has a multi-payload capacity, enabling it to carry both conventional and nuclear warheads.

Statement 3 is incorrect: While it has a naval version, the missile is designed for multi-domain use, including land, air, and naval platforms.

About India’s First Hypersonic Missile:

Features

Mach 6 Speed: Travels six times the speed of sound, reducing enemy reaction time.

Long Range: Covers over 1,500 km for deep-strike missions.

Mid-Flight Manoeuvrability: Combines ballistic missile speed with cruise missile agility to evade defences.

Multi-Payload Capacity: Can carry conventional or nuclear warheads.

Advanced Tracking: Precision targeting ensured by cutting-edge multi-domain monitoring systems.

Indigenous Design: Fully developed by DRDO, showcasing India’s self-reliance in advanced defence technology.

Capabilities: Strategic Deterrence: Enhances defence readiness and border security. Multi-Domain Use: Adaptable for land, air, and naval platforms, including ship-targeting. Defence Evasion: Overcomes modern missile defence systems with speed and agility. Precision Strikes: Pinpoint targeting of critical enemy assets with minimal collateral damage.

Strategic Deterrence: Enhances defence readiness and border security.

Multi-Domain Use: Adaptable for land, air, and naval platforms, including ship-targeting.

Defence Evasion: Overcomes modern missile defence systems with speed and agility.

Precision Strikes: Pinpoint targeting of critical enemy assets with minimal collateral damage.

Applications: Multiple uses across Army, Navy, and Air Force; naval version aimed at destroying enemy warships with precision at long ranges.

Developmental Background: Builds upon the Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) project initiated in 2019.

Global Context: Positions India alongside major military powers like China, Russia, and the US in hypersonic weapon technology.

Solution: D

Statement 1 is incorrect: The missile has a long range of over 1,500 km, making it suitable for deep-strike missions.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The missile has a multi-payload capacity, enabling it to carry both conventional and nuclear warheads.

Statement 3 is incorrect: While it has a naval version, the missile is designed for multi-domain use, including land, air, and naval platforms.

About India’s First Hypersonic Missile:

Features

Mach 6 Speed: Travels six times the speed of sound, reducing enemy reaction time.

Long Range: Covers over 1,500 km for deep-strike missions.

Mid-Flight Manoeuvrability: Combines ballistic missile speed with cruise missile agility to evade defences.

Multi-Payload Capacity: Can carry conventional or nuclear warheads.

Advanced Tracking: Precision targeting ensured by cutting-edge multi-domain monitoring systems.

Indigenous Design: Fully developed by DRDO, showcasing India’s self-reliance in advanced defence technology.

Capabilities: Strategic Deterrence: Enhances defence readiness and border security. Multi-Domain Use: Adaptable for land, air, and naval platforms, including ship-targeting. Defence Evasion: Overcomes modern missile defence systems with speed and agility. Precision Strikes: Pinpoint targeting of critical enemy assets with minimal collateral damage.

Strategic Deterrence: Enhances defence readiness and border security.

Multi-Domain Use: Adaptable for land, air, and naval platforms, including ship-targeting.

Defence Evasion: Overcomes modern missile defence systems with speed and agility.

Precision Strikes: Pinpoint targeting of critical enemy assets with minimal collateral damage.

Applications: Multiple uses across Army, Navy, and Air Force; naval version aimed at destroying enemy warships with precision at long ranges.

Developmental Background: Builds upon the Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) project initiated in 2019.

Global Context: Positions India alongside major military powers like China, Russia, and the US in hypersonic weapon technology.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements about Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve: It is the first tiger reserve to be notified in Chhattisgarh. It shares landscape connectivity with Sanjay Dubri, Bandhavgarh, and Palamau tiger reserves. Its core habitat is larger than its buffer zone. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: A Statement 1 is incorrect. Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla is the fourth tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh, after Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar, and Indravati. Statement 2 is correct. It shares landscape connectivity with Sanjay Dubri (Madhya Pradesh), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), and Palamau (Jharkhand). Statement 3 is correct. The core habitat spans 2,049.2 sq. km, which is larger than the buffer zone of 780.15 sq. km. About Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve: Location: Spread over 2,829.38 sq. km in Chhattisgarh, encompassing Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary. Core and Buffer: Core/critical habitat spans 2,049.2 sq. km, and the buffer covers 780.15 sq. km. This makes it the third largest tiger reserve in the country after Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh and Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam. Landscape Connectivity: Links with Sanjay Dubri Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), and Palamau (Jharkhand). Terrain and Climate: Situated on the Chota Nagpur and Baghelkhand plateaus, characterized by dense forests and tropical climate. Fauna: Tigers, leopards, wolves, sloth bears, hyenas, and various deer species. Significance: This will be the fourth Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh, after the Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar and Indravati Reserves. Incorrect Solution: A Statement 1 is incorrect. Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla is the fourth tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh, after Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar, and Indravati. Statement 2 is correct. It shares landscape connectivity with Sanjay Dubri (Madhya Pradesh), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), and Palamau (Jharkhand). Statement 3 is correct. The core habitat spans 2,049.2 sq. km, which is larger than the buffer zone of 780.15 sq. km. About Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve: Location: Spread over 2,829.38 sq. km in Chhattisgarh, encompassing Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary. Core and Buffer: Core/critical habitat spans 2,049.2 sq. km, and the buffer covers 780.15 sq. km. This makes it the third largest tiger reserve in the country after Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh and Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam. Landscape Connectivity: Links with Sanjay Dubri Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), and Palamau (Jharkhand). Terrain and Climate: Situated on the Chota Nagpur and Baghelkhand plateaus, characterized by dense forests and tropical climate. Fauna: Tigers, leopards, wolves, sloth bears, hyenas, and various deer species. Significance: This will be the fourth Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh, after the Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar and Indravati Reserves.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements about Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve:

• It is the first tiger reserve to be notified in Chhattisgarh.

• It shares landscape connectivity with Sanjay Dubri, Bandhavgarh, and Palamau tiger reserves.

• Its core habitat is larger than its buffer zone.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: A

Statement 1 is incorrect. Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla is the fourth tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh, after Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar, and Indravati.

Statement 2 is correct. It shares landscape connectivity with Sanjay Dubri (Madhya Pradesh), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), and Palamau (Jharkhand).

Statement 3 is correct. The core habitat spans 2,049.2 sq. km, which is larger than the buffer zone of 780.15 sq. km.

About Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve:

Location: Spread over 2,829.38 sq. km in Chhattisgarh, encompassing Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary.

Core and Buffer: Core/critical habitat spans 2,049.2 sq. km, and the buffer covers 780.15 sq. km. This makes it the third largest tiger reserve in the country after Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh and Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam.

• This makes it the third largest tiger reserve in the country after Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh and Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam.

Landscape Connectivity: Links with Sanjay Dubri Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), and Palamau (Jharkhand).

Terrain and Climate: Situated on the Chota Nagpur and Baghelkhand plateaus, characterized by dense forests and tropical climate.

Fauna: Tigers, leopards, wolves, sloth bears, hyenas, and various deer species.

Significance: This will be the fourth Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh, after the Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar and Indravati Reserves.

Solution: A

Statement 1 is incorrect. Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla is the fourth tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh, after Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar, and Indravati.

Statement 2 is correct. It shares landscape connectivity with Sanjay Dubri (Madhya Pradesh), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), and Palamau (Jharkhand).

Statement 3 is correct. The core habitat spans 2,049.2 sq. km, which is larger than the buffer zone of 780.15 sq. km.

About Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve:

Location: Spread over 2,829.38 sq. km in Chhattisgarh, encompassing Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary.

Core and Buffer: Core/critical habitat spans 2,049.2 sq. km, and the buffer covers 780.15 sq. km. This makes it the third largest tiger reserve in the country after Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh and Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam.

• This makes it the third largest tiger reserve in the country after Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh and Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam.

Landscape Connectivity: Links with Sanjay Dubri Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), and Palamau (Jharkhand).

Terrain and Climate: Situated on the Chota Nagpur and Baghelkhand plateaus, characterized by dense forests and tropical climate.

Fauna: Tigers, leopards, wolves, sloth bears, hyenas, and various deer species.

Significance: This will be the fourth Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh, after the Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar and Indravati Reserves.

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