UPSC Editorials Quiz : 1 August 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements. Protohistory is the period where people didn’t develop writing but were mentioned in the written records of a contemporary group. Harappans were literate people, and their written materials were completely deciphered by historians. For the Vedic period, there are no written records but have orally transmitted literature. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Protohistory is the period between prehistory and history and refers to the people who didn’t develop writing but were mentioned in the written records of a contemporary group. Although the Harappans were literate people, their written materials could not be deciphered by historians. For the Vedic period, we don’t have written records but orally transmitted literature (the Vedas). Source Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Protohistory is the period between prehistory and history and refers to the people who didn’t develop writing but were mentioned in the written records of a contemporary group. Although the Harappans were literate people, their written materials could not be deciphered by historians. For the Vedic period, we don’t have written records but orally transmitted literature (the Vedas). Source

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Protohistory is the period where people didn’t develop writing but were mentioned in the written records of a contemporary group.

• Harappans were literate people, and their written materials were completely deciphered by historians.

• For the Vedic period, there are no written records but have orally transmitted literature.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Protohistory is the period between prehistory and history and refers to the people who didn’t develop writing but were mentioned in the written records of a contemporary group.

Although the Harappans were literate people, their written materials could not be deciphered by historians. For the Vedic period, we don’t have written records but orally transmitted literature (the Vedas).

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Protohistory is the period between prehistory and history and refers to the people who didn’t develop writing but were mentioned in the written records of a contemporary group.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following pairs of prehistoric sites in India and their location. Gudahandi: Madhya Pradesh Ratnagiri: Maharashtra Burzahom: Kashmir Bhimbetka: Odisha How many of the above options is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) Only three d) All four Correct Solution: b) Option 2 and 3 is correct. There are several prehistoric sites in India that deserve attention. Here are nine of them: Earliest cave paintings from 10,000 BC to 1,000 BC, showing a shift from hunting to herding, foraging to farming, dancing and even war and other human activities in caves of Bhimbetka, Madhya Pradeshand Kethavaram, Andhra Pradesh. Earliest musical instruments may be lithophones or musical instruments made of stone, dating back to 4000 BC, which were found in Gudahandi (Kalahandi district, Odisha). Earliest sacred icon of a goddess – probably the triangular colourful stone with yellow pigment – was found in Baghor on the banks of the Son river, Madhya Pradesh. One of the earliest rock arts carved on flat stones was found in Ratnagiri (Maharashtra, Goa), dating back to 10,000 BC. They mostly contain images of humans and animals, including the image of ‘master of beasts’ where a human holds two tigers in his two hands. The earliest representation of two bright sun-like objects – probably an astronomical event, supernova, visible from the earth – dated back to 4600 BC and was carved on rocks in Burzahom, Kashmir. Pit-dwelling (holes covered with branches to provide shelter) sites dated back to 4000 BC were found in Burzahom, Kashmir. Ashmounds or piles of dung that were burnt periodically may have been ritual creations of cattle herders who lived in Deccan regions of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh between 3000-1000 BC – roughly the same time as the Harappan cities of Indus. Menhirs (upraised stones), dolmens (a flat stone placed on two or more upright stones), and cists (stone coffins) have been created by India’s Stone Age cultures to mark places of burial. These have been found in several places in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. India’s stonehenge with hundreds of tall, free-standing stones (each 7 metre high, 1 metre wide) dated back to over 2000 BC and was found in Willong Khullen Megalithic site, Manipur. Source Incorrect Solution: b) Option 2 and 3 is correct. There are several prehistoric sites in India that deserve attention. Here are nine of them: Earliest cave paintings from 10,000 BC to 1,000 BC, showing a shift from hunting to herding, foraging to farming, dancing and even war and other human activities in caves of Bhimbetka, Madhya Pradeshand Kethavaram, Andhra Pradesh. Earliest musical instruments may be lithophones or musical instruments made of stone, dating back to 4000 BC, which were found in Gudahandi (Kalahandi district, Odisha). Earliest sacred icon of a goddess – probably the triangular colourful stone with yellow pigment – was found in Baghor on the banks of the Son river, Madhya Pradesh. One of the earliest rock arts carved on flat stones was found in Ratnagiri (Maharashtra, Goa), dating back to 10,000 BC. They mostly contain images of humans and animals, including the image of ‘master of beasts’ where a human holds two tigers in his two hands. The earliest representation of two bright sun-like objects – probably an astronomical event, supernova, visible from the earth – dated back to 4600 BC and was carved on rocks in Burzahom, Kashmir. Pit-dwelling (holes covered with branches to provide shelter) sites dated back to 4000 BC were found in Burzahom, Kashmir. Ashmounds or piles of dung that were burnt periodically may have been ritual creations of cattle herders who lived in Deccan regions of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh between 3000-1000 BC – roughly the same time as the Harappan cities of Indus. Menhirs (upraised stones), dolmens (a flat stone placed on two or more upright stones), and cists (stone coffins) have been created by India’s Stone Age cultures to mark places of burial. These have been found in several places in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. India’s stonehenge with hundreds of tall, free-standing stones (each 7 metre high, 1 metre wide) dated back to over 2000 BC and was found in Willong Khullen Megalithic site, Manipur. Source

#### 2. Question

Consider the following pairs of prehistoric sites in India and their location.

• Gudahandi: Madhya Pradesh

• Ratnagiri: Maharashtra

• Burzahom: Kashmir

• Bhimbetka: Odisha

How many of the above options is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) Only three

• d) All four

Solution: b)

Option 2 and 3 is correct.

There are several prehistoric sites in India that deserve attention. Here are nine of them:

• Earliest cave paintings from 10,000 BC to 1,000 BC, showing a shift from hunting to herding, foraging to farming, dancing and even war and other human activities in caves of Bhimbetka, Madhya Pradeshand Kethavaram, Andhra Pradesh.

• Earliest musical instruments may be lithophones or musical instruments made of stone, dating back to 4000 BC, which were found in Gudahandi (Kalahandi district, Odisha).

• Earliest sacred icon of a goddess – probably the triangular colourful stone with yellow pigment – was found in Baghor on the banks of the Son river, Madhya Pradesh.

• One of the earliest rock arts carved on flat stones was found in Ratnagiri (Maharashtra, Goa), dating back to 10,000 BC. They mostly contain images of humans and animals, including the image of ‘master of beasts’ where a human holds two tigers in his two hands.

• The earliest representation of two bright sun-like objects – probably an astronomical event, supernova, visible from the earth – dated back to 4600 BC and was carved on rocks in Burzahom, Kashmir.

• Pit-dwelling (holes covered with branches to provide shelter) sites dated back to 4000 BC were found in Burzahom, Kashmir.

• Ashmounds or piles of dung that were burnt periodically may have been ritual creations of cattle herders who lived in Deccan regions of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh between 3000-1000 BC – roughly the same time as the Harappan cities of Indus.

• Menhirs (upraised stones), dolmens (a flat stone placed on two or more upright stones), and cists (stone coffins) have been created by India’s Stone Age cultures to mark places of burial. These have been found in several places in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

• India’s stonehenge with hundreds of tall, free-standing stones (each 7 metre high, 1 metre wide) dated back to over 2000 BC and was found in Willong Khullen Megalithic site, Manipur.

Solution: b)

Option 2 and 3 is correct.

There are several prehistoric sites in India that deserve attention. Here are nine of them:

• Earliest musical instruments may be lithophones or musical instruments made of stone, dating back to 4000 BC, which were found in Gudahandi (Kalahandi district, Odisha).

• Earliest sacred icon of a goddess – probably the triangular colourful stone with yellow pigment – was found in Baghor on the banks of the Son river, Madhya Pradesh.

• Pit-dwelling (holes covered with branches to provide shelter) sites dated back to 4000 BC were found in Burzahom, Kashmir.

• India’s stonehenge with hundreds of tall, free-standing stones (each 7 metre high, 1 metre wide) dated back to over 2000 BC and was found in Willong Khullen Megalithic site, Manipur.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Project Nexus, recently in news. Project Nexus is a multilateral initiative to enable instant cross-border retail payments by interlinking domestic Fast Payments Systems (FPSs). Project Nexus is conceptualised by the World Bank. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is not yet part of Project Nexus. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Only Statement 1 is correct. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has joined Project Nexus, a multilateral international initiative to enable instant cross-border retail payments by interlinking domestic Fast Payments Systems (FPSs). Project Nexus is conceptualised by the Innovation Hub of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). It seeks to enhance cross-border payments by connecting multiple domestic instant payment systems (IPS) globally. It is the first BIS Innovation Hub project in the payments area to move towards live implementation. The Reserve Bank of India has been collaborating bilaterally with various countries to link India’s Fast Payments System (FPS) – UPI, with their respective FPSs for cross-border Person to Person (P2P) and Person to Merchant (P2M) payments. What are the benefits of the platform? Project Nexus is designed to standardise the way IPS connect to each other. Rather than a payment system operator building custom connections for every new country that it connects to, the operator can make one connection to the Nexus platform. This single connection allows a fast payments system to reach all other countries on the network. Source Incorrect Solution: a) Only Statement 1 is correct. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has joined Project Nexus, a multilateral international initiative to enable instant cross-border retail payments by interlinking domestic Fast Payments Systems (FPSs). Project Nexus is conceptualised by the Innovation Hub of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). It seeks to enhance cross-border payments by connecting multiple domestic instant payment systems (IPS) globally. It is the first BIS Innovation Hub project in the payments area to move towards live implementation. The Reserve Bank of India has been collaborating bilaterally with various countries to link India’s Fast Payments System (FPS) – UPI, with their respective FPSs for cross-border Person to Person (P2P) and Person to Merchant (P2M) payments. What are the benefits of the platform? Project Nexus is designed to standardise the way IPS connect to each other. Rather than a payment system operator building custom connections for every new country that it connects to, the operator can make one connection to the Nexus platform. This single connection allows a fast payments system to reach all other countries on the network. Source

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Project Nexus, recently in news.

• Project Nexus is a multilateral initiative to enable instant cross-border retail payments by interlinking domestic Fast Payments Systems (FPSs).

• Project Nexus is conceptualised by the World Bank.

• Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is not yet part of Project Nexus.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Only Statement 1 is correct.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has joined Project Nexus, a multilateral international initiative to enable instant cross-border retail payments by interlinking domestic Fast Payments Systems (FPSs).

Project Nexus is conceptualised by the Innovation Hub of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). It seeks to enhance cross-border payments by connecting multiple domestic instant payment systems (IPS) globally. It is the first BIS Innovation Hub project in the payments area to move towards live implementation.

The Reserve Bank of India has been collaborating bilaterally with various countries to link India’s Fast Payments System (FPS) – UPI, with their respective FPSs for cross-border Person to Person (P2P) and Person to Merchant (P2M) payments.

What are the benefits of the platform?

Project Nexus is designed to standardise the way IPS connect to each other. Rather than a payment system operator building custom connections for every new country that it connects to, the operator can make one connection to the Nexus platform. This single connection allows a fast payments system to reach all other countries on the network.

Solution: a)

Only Statement 1 is correct.

What are the benefits of the platform?

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding Mangarh massacre. Mangarh massacre took place after Jallianwalla Bagh massacre and is sometimes referred to as the “Adivasi Jallianwala”. It saw hundreds of Khond tribals being killed by British forces. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: d) Mangarh massacre, which took place six years before Jallianwalla Bagh and is sometimes referred to as the “Adivasi Jallianwala”. It saw hundreds of Bhil tribals being killed by British forces on November 17, 1913, in the hills of Mangarh on the Rajasthan-Gujarat border. Source Incorrect Solution: d) Mangarh massacre, which took place six years before Jallianwalla Bagh and is sometimes referred to as the “Adivasi Jallianwala”. It saw hundreds of Bhil tribals being killed by British forces on November 17, 1913, in the hills of Mangarh on the Rajasthan-Gujarat border. Source

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Mangarh massacre.

• Mangarh massacre took place after Jallianwalla Bagh massacre and is sometimes referred to as the “Adivasi Jallianwala”.

• It saw hundreds of Khond tribals being killed by British forces.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: d)

Mangarh massacre, which took place six years before Jallianwalla Bagh and is sometimes referred to as the “Adivasi Jallianwala”. It saw hundreds of Bhil tribals being killed by British forces on November 17, 1913, in the hills of Mangarh on the Rajasthan-Gujarat border.

Solution: d)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Rare Diseases. World Health Organisation defines Rare Diseases as any debilitating lifelong disease or disorder with a prevalence of ten or less per one lakh population. They are extremely difficult to diagnose and more difficult to test for. Primary immunodeficiency disorder is considered as a Rare Disease. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. What are rare diseases? Rare diseases as the name suggests are conditions that affect very few people. The World Health Organisation defines it as any debilitating lifelong disease or disorder with a prevalence of ten or less per 10,000 population; other countries follow standards ranging between 1 and 10 cases per 10,000 to define a condition as rare disease. There are about 7,000 to 8,000 conditions globally that have been defined as rare diseases. The landscape of rare diseases keeps changing, with newer conditions being identified and reported constantly. With limited experience of these diseases, they are extremely difficult to diagnose and more difficult to test for. The most commonly reported rare disease includes primary immunodeficiency disorder (a genetic condition that impairs the immune system), lysosomal storage disorders (a group of metabolic disorders that lead to a buildup of toxic materials in the cells), small molecule inborn errors of metabolism (a large group of genetic conditions where the genetic code for metabolic enzymes are defective), cystic fibrosis (a condition that severely damages the lung leading to the need for a transplant), osteogenesis imperfect (a condition where bones fracture easily), and certain forms of muscular dystrophies and spinal muscular atrophy. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. What are rare diseases? Rare diseases as the name suggests are conditions that affect very few people. The World Health Organisation defines it as any debilitating lifelong disease or disorder with a prevalence of ten or less per 10,000 population; other countries follow standards ranging between 1 and 10 cases per 10,000 to define a condition as rare disease. There are about 7,000 to 8,000 conditions globally that have been defined as rare diseases. The landscape of rare diseases keeps changing, with newer conditions being identified and reported constantly. With limited experience of these diseases, they are extremely difficult to diagnose and more difficult to test for. The most commonly reported rare disease includes primary immunodeficiency disorder (a genetic condition that impairs the immune system), lysosomal storage disorders (a group of metabolic disorders that lead to a buildup of toxic materials in the cells), small molecule inborn errors of metabolism (a large group of genetic conditions where the genetic code for metabolic enzymes are defective), cystic fibrosis (a condition that severely damages the lung leading to the need for a transplant), osteogenesis imperfect (a condition where bones fracture easily), and certain forms of muscular dystrophies and spinal muscular atrophy.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Rare Diseases.

• World Health Organisation defines Rare Diseases as any debilitating lifelong disease or disorder with a prevalence of ten or less per one lakh population.

• They are extremely difficult to diagnose and more difficult to test for.

• Primary immunodeficiency disorder is considered as a Rare Disease.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

What are rare diseases?

Rare diseases as the name suggests are conditions that affect very few people. The World Health Organisation defines it as any debilitating lifelong disease or disorder with a prevalence of ten or less per 10,000 population; other countries follow standards ranging between 1 and 10 cases per 10,000 to define a condition as rare disease.

There are about 7,000 to 8,000 conditions globally that have been defined as rare diseases. The landscape of rare diseases keeps changing, with newer conditions being identified and reported constantly.

With limited experience of these diseases, they are extremely difficult to diagnose and more difficult to test for.

The most commonly reported rare disease includes primary immunodeficiency disorder (a genetic condition that impairs the immune system), lysosomal storage disorders (a group of metabolic disorders that lead to a buildup of toxic materials in the cells), small molecule inborn errors of metabolism (a large group of genetic conditions where the genetic code for metabolic enzymes are defective), cystic fibrosis (a condition that severely damages the lung leading to the need for a transplant), osteogenesis imperfect (a condition where bones fracture easily), and certain forms of muscular dystrophies and spinal muscular atrophy.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

What are rare diseases?

With limited experience of these diseases, they are extremely difficult to diagnose and more difficult to test for.

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