UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 8 August 2025
Kartavya Desk Staff
The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.
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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the consequences of French colonization in Africa. Suppression of traditional African governance structures. Introduction of French language and culture in the colonies. Development of industrial hubs in African territories. Extensive resource extraction and forced labor practices. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 3, and 4 only (c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Correct Solution: C French colonization in Africa had profound socio-political and economic consequences. Statement 1 is correct as the French administration often dismantled traditional African governance structures, replacing them with centralized colonial rule to ensure control. Statement 2 is correct because the policy of assimilation promoted the French language, culture, and legal systems, suppressing indigenous identities. Statement 4 is also correct, as France extensively extracted natural resources such as rubber, gold, and timber, often relying on forced labor under harsh conditions. However, Statement 3 is incorrect since industrial development in African colonies was largely neglected. Instead of fostering local industries, France prioritized extracting raw materials and shipping them to metropolitan France for processing. Infrastructure, such as railways and ports, was built primarily to facilitate resource extraction rather than to develop independent industrial hubs. Incorrect Solution: C French colonization in Africa had profound socio-political and economic consequences. Statement 1 is correct as the French administration often dismantled traditional African governance structures, replacing them with centralized colonial rule to ensure control. Statement 2 is correct because the policy of assimilation promoted the French language, culture, and legal systems, suppressing indigenous identities. Statement 4 is also correct, as France extensively extracted natural resources such as rubber, gold, and timber, often relying on forced labor under harsh conditions. However, Statement 3 is incorrect since industrial development in African colonies was largely neglected. Instead of fostering local industries, France prioritized extracting raw materials and shipping them to metropolitan France for processing. Infrastructure, such as railways and ports, was built primarily to facilitate resource extraction rather than to develop independent industrial hubs.
#### 1. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the consequences of French colonization in Africa.
• Suppression of traditional African governance structures.
• Introduction of French language and culture in the colonies.
• Development of industrial hubs in African territories.
• Extensive resource extraction and forced labor practices.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
• (a) 1 and 2 only
• (b) 1, 3, and 4 only
• (c) 1, 2 and 4 only
• (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Solution: C
French colonization in Africa had profound socio-political and economic consequences. Statement 1 is correct as the French administration often dismantled traditional African governance structures, replacing them with centralized colonial rule to ensure control.
Statement 2 is correct because the policy of assimilation promoted the French language, culture, and legal systems, suppressing indigenous identities.
Statement 4 is also correct, as France extensively extracted natural resources such as rubber, gold, and timber, often relying on forced labor under harsh conditions.
However, Statement 3 is incorrect since industrial development in African colonies was largely neglected. Instead of fostering local industries, France prioritized extracting raw materials and shipping them to metropolitan France for processing. Infrastructure, such as railways and ports, was built primarily to facilitate resource extraction rather than to develop independent industrial hubs.
Solution: C
French colonization in Africa had profound socio-political and economic consequences. Statement 1 is correct as the French administration often dismantled traditional African governance structures, replacing them with centralized colonial rule to ensure control.
Statement 2 is correct because the policy of assimilation promoted the French language, culture, and legal systems, suppressing indigenous identities.
Statement 4 is also correct, as France extensively extracted natural resources such as rubber, gold, and timber, often relying on forced labor under harsh conditions.
However, Statement 3 is incorrect since industrial development in African colonies was largely neglected. Instead of fostering local industries, France prioritized extracting raw materials and shipping them to metropolitan France for processing. Infrastructure, such as railways and ports, was built primarily to facilitate resource extraction rather than to develop independent industrial hubs.
• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Which of the following sectors are permitted to raise funds through External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs) under the Automatic Route in India? a) Agriculture, trading, and real estate investment trusts (REITs) b) Microfinance, start-ups, and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) c) Gambling, lottery, and real estate development d) Defense manufacturing, power distribution, and healthcare infrastructure Correct Solution: D ECBs under the Automatic Route are generally allowed for sectors that promote economic growth, such as defense manufacturing, power, and healthcare. Restricted sectors like gambling, lottery, and real estate (excluding affordable housing) are not eligible for ECBs. Incorrect Solution: D ECBs under the Automatic Route are generally allowed for sectors that promote economic growth, such as defense manufacturing, power, and healthcare. Restricted sectors like gambling, lottery, and real estate (excluding affordable housing) are not eligible for ECBs.
#### 2. Question
Which of the following sectors are permitted to raise funds through External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs) under the Automatic Route in India?
• a) Agriculture, trading, and real estate investment trusts (REITs)
• b) Microfinance, start-ups, and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs)
• c) Gambling, lottery, and real estate development
• d) Defense manufacturing, power distribution, and healthcare infrastructure
Solution: D
ECBs under the Automatic Route are generally allowed for sectors that promote economic growth, such as defense manufacturing, power, and healthcare. Restricted sectors like gambling, lottery, and real estate (excluding affordable housing) are not eligible for ECBs.
Solution: D
ECBs under the Automatic Route are generally allowed for sectors that promote economic growth, such as defense manufacturing, power, and healthcare. Restricted sectors like gambling, lottery, and real estate (excluding affordable housing) are not eligible for ECBs.
• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding bomb cyclones: They are a type of tropical cyclone that forms in equatorial waters. They weaken rapidly once they reach the ocean surface due to cooling temperatures. They are named based on wind speeds rather than changes in atmospheric pressure. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? (a) Only one (b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: C Statement 1 (Incorrect): Bomb cyclones are extratropical systems, not tropical cyclones. They form in mid-latitudes, not near the equator. Statement 2 (Incorrect): They do not weaken immediately upon reaching the ocean. In fact, warm ocean surfaces enhance their strength. Statement 3 (Incorrect): Bomb cyclones are defined by pressure changes, not wind speeds. They undergo bombogenesis when the central pressure drops rapidly. Incorrect Solution: C Statement 1 (Incorrect): Bomb cyclones are extratropical systems, not tropical cyclones. They form in mid-latitudes, not near the equator. Statement 2 (Incorrect): They do not weaken immediately upon reaching the ocean. In fact, warm ocean surfaces enhance their strength. Statement 3 (Incorrect): Bomb cyclones are defined by pressure changes, not wind speeds. They undergo bombogenesis when the central pressure drops rapidly.
#### 3. Question
Consider the following statements regarding bomb cyclones:
• They are a type of tropical cyclone that forms in equatorial waters.
• They weaken rapidly once they reach the ocean surface due to cooling temperatures.
• They are named based on wind speeds rather than changes in atmospheric pressure.
How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?
• (a) Only one
• (b) Only two
• c) All three
Solution: C
Statement 1 (Incorrect): Bomb cyclones are extratropical systems, not tropical cyclones. They form in mid-latitudes, not near the equator.
Statement 2 (Incorrect): They do not weaken immediately upon reaching the ocean. In fact, warm ocean surfaces enhance their strength.
Statement 3 (Incorrect): Bomb cyclones are defined by pressure changes, not wind speeds. They undergo bombogenesis when the central pressure drops rapidly.
Solution: C
Statement 1 (Incorrect): Bomb cyclones are extratropical systems, not tropical cyclones. They form in mid-latitudes, not near the equator.
Statement 2 (Incorrect): They do not weaken immediately upon reaching the ocean. In fact, warm ocean surfaces enhance their strength.
Statement 3 (Incorrect): Bomb cyclones are defined by pressure changes, not wind speeds. They undergo bombogenesis when the central pressure drops rapidly.
• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Lake Victoria: Lake Victoria is the second-largest freshwater lake by volume in the world. The Kagera River is the longest tributary that drains into Lake Victoria. Lake Victoria’s outflow contributes to the formation of the Congo River. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: A Statement 1 (Incorrect): Lake Victoria is the second-largest freshwater lake by surface area, but it is not the second-largest by volume. That title belongs to Lake Tanganyika. Statement 2 (Correct): The Kagera River is the longest river that drains into Lake Victoria and is one of the main sources of the White Nile. Statement 3 (Incorrect): Lake Victoria’s outflow contributes to the White Nile River, not the Congo River. Incorrect Solution: A Statement 1 (Incorrect): Lake Victoria is the second-largest freshwater lake by surface area, but it is not the second-largest by volume. That title belongs to Lake Tanganyika. Statement 2 (Correct): The Kagera River is the longest river that drains into Lake Victoria and is one of the main sources of the White Nile. Statement 3 (Incorrect): Lake Victoria’s outflow contributes to the White Nile River, not the Congo River.
#### 4. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Lake Victoria:
• Lake Victoria is the second-largest freshwater lake by volume in the world.
• The Kagera River is the longest tributary that drains into Lake Victoria.
• Lake Victoria’s outflow contributes to the formation of the Congo River.
How many of the above statements are correct?
• (a) Only one
• (b) Only two
• (c) All three
Solution: A
Statement 1 (Incorrect): Lake Victoria is the second-largest freshwater lake by surface area, but it is not the second-largest by volume. That title belongs to Lake Tanganyika.
Statement 2 (Correct): The Kagera River is the longest river that drains into Lake Victoria and is one of the main sources of the White Nile.
Statement 3 (Incorrect): Lake Victoria’s outflow contributes to the White Nile River, not the Congo River.
Solution: A
Statement 1 (Incorrect): Lake Victoria is the second-largest freshwater lake by surface area, but it is not the second-largest by volume. That title belongs to Lake Tanganyika.
Statement 2 (Correct): The Kagera River is the longest river that drains into Lake Victoria and is one of the main sources of the White Nile.
Statement 3 (Incorrect): Lake Victoria’s outflow contributes to the White Nile River, not the Congo River.
• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Satavahana dynasty’s contribution to the Sanchi Stupa: The Satavahana dynasty is credited with adding the toranas (gateways) around the Great Stupa. The Satavahana kings constructed new stupas at Sanchi as a sign of their devotion to Buddhism. The carvings on the Satavahana-built toranas feature scenes of royal conquests and battles. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: A Only Statement 1 is correct. The Satavahana dynasty played a crucial role in enhancing the Sanchi Stupa, one of the most significant Buddhist monuments in India. Their primary contribution was the construction of the elaborately carved toranas (gateways) around the Great Stupa, which served as decorative and symbolic entrances. These gateways, built in the 1st century BCE, are known for their intricate carvings depicting various scenes from the Jataka Tales—stories of the previous lives of the Buddha—rather than military conquests or battles. The Satavahanas were patrons of Buddhism and supported its expansion, but they did not construct new stupas at Sanchi. Instead, they focused on embellishing existing structures. The toranas reflect a strong artistic tradition and demonstrate the dynasty’s commitment to Buddhist ideology. Their contribution helped transform the Sanchi Stupa into an architectural masterpiece, influencing Buddhist art across India and beyond. Incorrect Solution: A Only Statement 1 is correct. The Satavahana dynasty played a crucial role in enhancing the Sanchi Stupa, one of the most significant Buddhist monuments in India. Their primary contribution was the construction of the elaborately carved toranas (gateways) around the Great Stupa, which served as decorative and symbolic entrances. These gateways, built in the 1st century BCE, are known for their intricate carvings depicting various scenes from the Jataka Tales—stories of the previous lives of the Buddha—rather than military conquests or battles. The Satavahanas were patrons of Buddhism and supported its expansion, but they did not construct new stupas at Sanchi. Instead, they focused on embellishing existing structures. The toranas reflect a strong artistic tradition and demonstrate the dynasty’s commitment to Buddhist ideology. Their contribution helped transform the Sanchi Stupa into an architectural masterpiece, influencing Buddhist art across India and beyond.
#### 5. Question
Consider the following statements about the Satavahana dynasty’s contribution to the Sanchi Stupa:
• The Satavahana dynasty is credited with adding the toranas (gateways) around the Great Stupa.
• The Satavahana kings constructed new stupas at Sanchi as a sign of their devotion to Buddhism.
• The carvings on the Satavahana-built toranas feature scenes of royal conquests and battles.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
• (a) Only one
• (b) Only two
• (c) All three
Solution: A
Only Statement 1 is correct.
The Satavahana dynasty played a crucial role in enhancing the Sanchi Stupa, one of the most significant Buddhist monuments in India. Their primary contribution was the construction of the elaborately carved toranas (gateways) around the Great Stupa, which served as decorative and symbolic entrances.
These gateways, built in the 1st century BCE, are known for their intricate carvings depicting various scenes from the Jataka Tales—stories of the previous lives of the Buddha—rather than military conquests or battles.
The Satavahanas were patrons of Buddhism and supported its expansion, but they did not construct new stupas at Sanchi. Instead, they focused on embellishing existing structures. The toranas reflect a strong artistic tradition and demonstrate the dynasty’s commitment to Buddhist ideology.
Their contribution helped transform the Sanchi Stupa into an architectural masterpiece, influencing Buddhist art across India and beyond.
Solution: A
Only Statement 1 is correct.
The Satavahana dynasty played a crucial role in enhancing the Sanchi Stupa, one of the most significant Buddhist monuments in India. Their primary contribution was the construction of the elaborately carved toranas (gateways) around the Great Stupa, which served as decorative and symbolic entrances.
These gateways, built in the 1st century BCE, are known for their intricate carvings depicting various scenes from the Jataka Tales—stories of the previous lives of the Buddha—rather than military conquests or battles.
The Satavahanas were patrons of Buddhism and supported its expansion, but they did not construct new stupas at Sanchi. Instead, they focused on embellishing existing structures. The toranas reflect a strong artistic tradition and demonstrate the dynasty’s commitment to Buddhist ideology.
Their contribution helped transform the Sanchi Stupa into an architectural masterpiece, influencing Buddhist art across India and beyond.
• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points The Chola dynasty, particularly under Rajendra I, used the Andaman Islands for which purpose? a) As a penal colony b) As a trading post c) For naval expeditions against the Srivijaya Empire d) To spread Buddhism Correct Solution: C Rajendra I, one of the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty, was known for his extensive naval expeditions, particularly against the Srivijaya Empire in Southeast Asia. The Andaman Islands served as a crucial strategic base for these maritime campaigns. Given their location in the Bay of Bengal, the islands provided a staging point for Chola naval forces to refuel, regroup, and launch attacks against distant territories, including the Srivijaya-controlled regions in present-day Indonesia and Malaysia. This expedition, undertaken around 1025 CE, demonstrated the Cholas’ maritime supremacy and their ability to project power far beyond the Indian subcontinent. The successful campaign weakened Srivijaya’s control over important trade routes and increased Chola influence in the region. The historical significance of this connection was later acknowledged when Port Blair was briefly renamed Sri Vijaya Puram, highlighting the legacy of Chola naval dominance. Incorrect Solution: C Rajendra I, one of the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty, was known for his extensive naval expeditions, particularly against the Srivijaya Empire in Southeast Asia. The Andaman Islands served as a crucial strategic base for these maritime campaigns. Given their location in the Bay of Bengal, the islands provided a staging point for Chola naval forces to refuel, regroup, and launch attacks against distant territories, including the Srivijaya-controlled regions in present-day Indonesia and Malaysia. This expedition, undertaken around 1025 CE, demonstrated the Cholas’ maritime supremacy and their ability to project power far beyond the Indian subcontinent. The successful campaign weakened Srivijaya’s control over important trade routes and increased Chola influence in the region. The historical significance of this connection was later acknowledged when Port Blair was briefly renamed Sri Vijaya Puram, highlighting the legacy of Chola naval dominance.
#### 6. Question
The Chola dynasty, particularly under Rajendra I, used the Andaman Islands for which purpose?
• a) As a penal colony
• b) As a trading post
• c) For naval expeditions against the Srivijaya Empire
• d) To spread Buddhism
Solution: C
• Rajendra I, one of the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty, was known for his extensive naval expeditions, particularly against the Srivijaya Empire in Southeast Asia. The Andaman Islands served as a crucial strategic base for these maritime campaigns.
• Given their location in the Bay of Bengal, the islands provided a staging point for Chola naval forces to refuel, regroup, and launch attacks against distant territories, including the Srivijaya-controlled regions in present-day Indonesia and Malaysia. This expedition, undertaken around 1025 CE, demonstrated the Cholas’ maritime supremacy and their ability to project power far beyond the Indian subcontinent.
• The successful campaign weakened Srivijaya’s control over important trade routes and increased Chola influence in the region.
The historical significance of this connection was later acknowledged when Port Blair was briefly renamed Sri Vijaya Puram, highlighting the legacy of Chola naval dominance.
Solution: C
• Rajendra I, one of the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty, was known for his extensive naval expeditions, particularly against the Srivijaya Empire in Southeast Asia. The Andaman Islands served as a crucial strategic base for these maritime campaigns.
• Given their location in the Bay of Bengal, the islands provided a staging point for Chola naval forces to refuel, regroup, and launch attacks against distant territories, including the Srivijaya-controlled regions in present-day Indonesia and Malaysia. This expedition, undertaken around 1025 CE, demonstrated the Cholas’ maritime supremacy and their ability to project power far beyond the Indian subcontinent.
• The successful campaign weakened Srivijaya’s control over important trade routes and increased Chola influence in the region.
The historical significance of this connection was later acknowledged when Port Blair was briefly renamed Sri Vijaya Puram, highlighting the legacy of Chola naval dominance.
• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Amplitude Modulation (AM): AM provides better sound quality than Frequency Modulation (FM). AM changes the frequency of the carrier wave to encode signals. AM is widely used for Wi-Fi and digital transmissions. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: C Signal modulation involves adjusting wave properties—amplitude (AM), frequency (FM), or phase (PM)—to carry information. AM (Amplitude Modulation) changes the wave height to encode signals, while FM (Frequency Modulation) alters the wave’s frequency. PM (Phase Modulation) shifts the wave’s phase for clear digital transmissions like Wi-Fi,being less affected by interference. FM offers better sound quality than AM, but its range is shorter. However, as technology advances, digital broadcasting is replacing analog due to its efficiency and resistance to interference. Incorrect Solution: C Signal modulation involves adjusting wave properties—amplitude (AM), frequency (FM), or phase (PM)—to carry information. AM (Amplitude Modulation) changes the wave height to encode signals, while FM (Frequency Modulation) alters the wave’s frequency. PM (Phase Modulation) shifts the wave’s phase for clear digital transmissions like Wi-Fi,being less affected by interference. FM offers better sound quality than AM, but its range is shorter. However, as technology advances, digital broadcasting is replacing analog due to its efficiency and resistance to interference.
#### 7. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Amplitude Modulation (AM):
• AM provides better sound quality than Frequency Modulation (FM).
• AM changes the frequency of the carrier wave to encode signals.
• AM is widely used for Wi-Fi and digital transmissions.
How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?
• (a) Only one
• (b) Only two
• (c) All three
Solution: C
• Signal modulation involves adjusting wave properties—amplitude (AM), frequency (FM), or phase (PM)—to carry information.
• AM (Amplitude Modulation) changes the wave height to encode signals, while FM (Frequency Modulation) alters the wave’s frequency.
• PM (Phase Modulation) shifts the wave’s phase for clear digital transmissions like Wi-Fi,being less affected by interference.
• FM offers better sound quality than AM, but its range is shorter.
• However, as technology advances, digital broadcasting is replacing analog due to its efficiency and resistance to interference.
Solution: C
• Signal modulation involves adjusting wave properties—amplitude (AM), frequency (FM), or phase (PM)—to carry information.
• AM (Amplitude Modulation) changes the wave height to encode signals, while FM (Frequency Modulation) alters the wave’s frequency.
• PM (Phase Modulation) shifts the wave’s phase for clear digital transmissions like Wi-Fi,being less affected by interference.
• FM offers better sound quality than AM, but its range is shorter.
• However, as technology advances, digital broadcasting is replacing analog due to its efficiency and resistance to interference.
• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Which of the following initiatives is a key part of India’s efforts to secure a supply of critical minerals from overseas? a) Atal Innovation Mission b) Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 2017 c) Khanij Bidesh India Limited (KABIL) d) National Mineral Policy 2019 Correct Solution: C Khanij Bidesh India Limited (KABIL) is a joint venture formed by three public sector undertakings to secure overseas supply of critical minerals for India. KABIL has been engaged with mineral-rich countries, and in 2024, it signed its first major agreement for lithium exploration and mining in Argentina. This venture is part of India’s broader strategy to ensure access to essential resources like lithium, which is crucial for battery manufacturing and the transition to renewable energy. Incorrect Solution: C Khanij Bidesh India Limited (KABIL) is a joint venture formed by three public sector undertakings to secure overseas supply of critical minerals for India. KABIL has been engaged with mineral-rich countries, and in 2024, it signed its first major agreement for lithium exploration and mining in Argentina. This venture is part of India’s broader strategy to ensure access to essential resources like lithium, which is crucial for battery manufacturing and the transition to renewable energy.
#### 8. Question
Which of the following initiatives is a key part of India’s efforts to secure a supply of critical minerals from overseas?
• a) Atal Innovation Mission
• b) Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 2017
• c) Khanij Bidesh India Limited (KABIL)
• d) National Mineral Policy 2019
Solution: C
• Khanij Bidesh India Limited (KABIL) is a joint venture formed by three public sector undertakings to secure overseas supply of critical minerals for India.
• KABIL has been engaged with mineral-rich countries, and in 2024, it signed its first major agreement for lithium exploration and mining in Argentina.
This venture is part of India’s broader strategy to ensure access to essential resources like lithium, which is crucial for battery manufacturing and the transition to renewable energy.
Solution: C
• Khanij Bidesh India Limited (KABIL) is a joint venture formed by three public sector undertakings to secure overseas supply of critical minerals for India.
• KABIL has been engaged with mineral-rich countries, and in 2024, it signed its first major agreement for lithium exploration and mining in Argentina.
This venture is part of India’s broader strategy to ensure access to essential resources like lithium, which is crucial for battery manufacturing and the transition to renewable energy.
• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points What does “PDS leakage” refer to in the context of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013? a) The over-allocation of food grains to non-eligible households n b) The amount of food grains released by the FCI that fail to reach the consumers c) The amount of money lost in maintaining the PDS system d) The wastage of food grains during transportatio Correct Solution: B “PDS leakage” refers to the proportion of food grains, such as rice and wheat, released by the Food Corporation of India (FCI) that fail to reach consumers, usually due to inefficiencies or corruption in the distribution process. This issue was one of the major concerns addressed by the NFSA 2013, and reforms have significantly reduced leakages across many states. Incorrect Solution: B “PDS leakage” refers to the proportion of food grains, such as rice and wheat, released by the Food Corporation of India (FCI) that fail to reach consumers, usually due to inefficiencies or corruption in the distribution process. This issue was one of the major concerns addressed by the NFSA 2013, and reforms have significantly reduced leakages across many states.
#### 9. Question
What does “PDS leakage” refer to in the context of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013?
• a) The over-allocation of food grains to non-eligible households n
• b) The amount of food grains released by the FCI that fail to reach the consumers
• c) The amount of money lost in maintaining the PDS system
• d) The wastage of food grains during transportatio
Solution: B
“PDS leakage” refers to the proportion of food grains, such as rice and wheat, released by the Food Corporation of India (FCI) that fail to reach consumers, usually due to inefficiencies or corruption in the distribution process. This issue was one of the major concerns addressed by the NFSA 2013, and reforms have significantly reduced leakages across many states.
Solution: B
“PDS leakage” refers to the proportion of food grains, such as rice and wheat, released by the Food Corporation of India (FCI) that fail to reach consumers, usually due to inefficiencies or corruption in the distribution process. This issue was one of the major concerns addressed by the NFSA 2013, and reforms have significantly reduced leakages across many states.
• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding food irradiation: Food irradiation prevents spoilage by slowing down decay and delaying premature ripening. Irradiation processing usually requires multiple treatments to achieve food safety. It reduces the need for chemical preservatives, contributing to a more sustainable food supply chain. The Codex Alimentarius Commission played a key role in setting global standards for food irradiation. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 3, and 4 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is correct because food irradiation prevents spoilage by slowing down the process of decay and delaying ripening, sprouting, or germination. Statement 3 is also correct, as irradiation reduces the need for chemical preservatives, promoting a more sustainable food supply chain. Statement 2 is incorrect because irradiation typically requires just one exposure treatment to achieve the desired food safety effects, simplifying food safety practices. Statement 4 is also correct, as the Codex Alimentarius Commission established global standards for food irradiation. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is correct because food irradiation prevents spoilage by slowing down the process of decay and delaying ripening, sprouting, or germination. Statement 3 is also correct, as irradiation reduces the need for chemical preservatives, promoting a more sustainable food supply chain. Statement 2 is incorrect because irradiation typically requires just one exposure treatment to achieve the desired food safety effects, simplifying food safety practices. Statement 4 is also correct, as the Codex Alimentarius Commission established global standards for food irradiation.
#### 10. Question
Consider the following statements regarding food irradiation:
• Food irradiation prevents spoilage by slowing down decay and delaying premature ripening.
• Irradiation processing usually requires multiple treatments to achieve food safety.
• It reduces the need for chemical preservatives, contributing to a more sustainable food supply chain.
• The Codex Alimentarius Commission played a key role in setting global standards for food irradiation.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
• (a) 1 and 2 only
• (b) 1, 3, and 4 only
• (c) 1, 2 and 3 only
• (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Solution: B
Statement 1 is correct because food irradiation prevents spoilage by slowing down the process of decay and delaying ripening, sprouting, or germination.
Statement 3 is also correct, as irradiation reduces the need for chemical preservatives, promoting a more sustainable food supply chain.
Statement 2 is incorrect because irradiation typically requires just one exposure treatment to achieve the desired food safety effects, simplifying food safety practices.
Statement 4 is also correct, as the Codex Alimentarius Commission established global standards for food irradiation.
Solution: B
Statement 1 is correct because food irradiation prevents spoilage by slowing down the process of decay and delaying ripening, sprouting, or germination.
Statement 3 is also correct, as irradiation reduces the need for chemical preservatives, promoting a more sustainable food supply chain.
Statement 2 is incorrect because irradiation typically requires just one exposure treatment to achieve the desired food safety effects, simplifying food safety practices.
Statement 4 is also correct, as the Codex Alimentarius Commission established global standards for food irradiation.
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