UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 6 November 2024

.The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points What was the primary mandate of the Sanjay Kumar Committee in relation to the Western Ghats? a) To expand the Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) boundaries of all Western Ghats villages b) To designate the entire Western Ghats as ecologically sensitive c) To enforce conservation measures without field visits d) To review and validate objections from states regarding Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) demarcations Correct Solution: d) The Sanjay Kumar Committee was tasked with reviewing state objections to the Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) demarcations. Its mandate included conducting field visits to assess whether the demands for exclusion of specific villages from ESA listings were valid, aiming to finalize the ESA status in a way that balances conservation and local concerns. Unlike the Gadgil Committee, which proposed the entire Western Ghats as ESA, and the Kasturirangan Committee, which focused on 37% of the Ghats, the Sanjay Kumar Committee had a narrower, validation-focused mandate. Incorrect Solution: d) The Sanjay Kumar Committee was tasked with reviewing state objections to the Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) demarcations. Its mandate included conducting field visits to assess whether the demands for exclusion of specific villages from ESA listings were valid, aiming to finalize the ESA status in a way that balances conservation and local concerns. Unlike the Gadgil Committee, which proposed the entire Western Ghats as ESA, and the Kasturirangan Committee, which focused on 37% of the Ghats, the Sanjay Kumar Committee had a narrower, validation-focused mandate.

#### 1. Question

What was the primary mandate of the Sanjay Kumar Committee in relation to the Western Ghats?

• a) To expand the Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) boundaries of all Western Ghats villages

• b) To designate the entire Western Ghats as ecologically sensitive

• c) To enforce conservation measures without field visits

• d) To review and validate objections from states regarding Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) demarcations

Solution: d)

The Sanjay Kumar Committee was tasked with reviewing state objections to the Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) demarcations. Its mandate included conducting field visits to assess whether the demands for exclusion of specific villages from ESA listings were valid, aiming to finalize the ESA status in a way that balances conservation and local concerns.

Unlike the Gadgil Committee, which proposed the entire Western Ghats as ESA, and the Kasturirangan Committee, which focused on 37% of the Ghats, the Sanjay Kumar Committee had a narrower, validation-focused mandate.

Solution: d)

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the factors contributing to foam formation in the Yamuna River: The winter season enhances oxygen levels in the river, reducing foam formation. Surfactants from detergents lead to foam formation when the river’s natural dilution capacity is reduced. Industrial effluents upstream of the Yamuna dilute the concentration of pollutants, minimizing foam. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect, as winter actually reduces oxygenation in the river, which exacerbates foam formation. Statement 2 is correct. Surfactants, primarily phosphates from detergents, contribute to foam formation in the Yamuna River, especially during the winter when the lean river flow reduces the natural dilution capacity. Statement 3 is incorrect because industrial effluents add more pollutants and chemicals, aggravating the problem rather than diluting it. Thus, the primary causes of foaming are surfactants, reduced dilution capacity, and pollutant buildup. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect, as winter actually reduces oxygenation in the river, which exacerbates foam formation. Statement 2 is correct. Surfactants, primarily phosphates from detergents, contribute to foam formation in the Yamuna River, especially during the winter when the lean river flow reduces the natural dilution capacity. Statement 3 is incorrect because industrial effluents add more pollutants and chemicals, aggravating the problem rather than diluting it. Thus, the primary causes of foaming are surfactants, reduced dilution capacity, and pollutant buildup.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the factors contributing to foam formation in the Yamuna River:

• The winter season enhances oxygen levels in the river, reducing foam formation.

• Surfactants from detergents lead to foam formation when the river’s natural dilution capacity is reduced.

• Industrial effluents upstream of the Yamuna dilute the concentration of pollutants, minimizing foam.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect, as winter actually reduces oxygenation in the river, which exacerbates foam formation.

Statement 2 is correct. Surfactants, primarily phosphates from detergents, contribute to foam formation in the Yamuna River, especially during the winter when the lean river flow reduces the natural dilution capacity.

Statement 3 is incorrect because industrial effluents add more pollutants and chemicals, aggravating the problem rather than diluting it. Thus, the primary causes of foaming are surfactants, reduced dilution capacity, and pollutant buildup.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect, as winter actually reduces oxygenation in the river, which exacerbates foam formation.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points During which period did Emperor Ashoka actively promote Buddha Dhamma across his empire? a) 6th Century BCE b) 3rd Century BCE c) 1st Century BCE d) 11th Century CE Correct Solution: b) Emperor Ashoka’s reign, marked by his dedication to spreading Buddha Dhamma, occurred between 268-232 BCE, placing it in the 3rd century BCE. After converting to Buddhism, Ashoka sent emissaries (dhamma-dutas) to promote Buddhist teachings within his empire and beyond, including to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and other regions. This period was significant for the expansion of Buddhism, establishing it as a major religious and philosophical tradition in Asia. Incorrect Solution: b) Emperor Ashoka’s reign, marked by his dedication to spreading Buddha Dhamma, occurred between 268-232 BCE, placing it in the 3rd century BCE. After converting to Buddhism, Ashoka sent emissaries (dhamma-dutas) to promote Buddhist teachings within his empire and beyond, including to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and other regions. This period was significant for the expansion of Buddhism, establishing it as a major religious and philosophical tradition in Asia.

#### 3. Question

During which period did Emperor Ashoka actively promote Buddha Dhamma across his empire?

• a) 6th Century BCE

• b) 3rd Century BCE

• c) 1st Century BCE

• d) 11th Century CE

Solution: b)

Emperor Ashoka’s reign, marked by his dedication to spreading Buddha Dhamma, occurred between 268-232 BCE, placing it in the 3rd century BCE. After converting to Buddhism, Ashoka sent emissaries (dhamma-dutas) to promote Buddhist teachings within his empire and beyond, including to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and other regions. This period was significant for the expansion of Buddhism, establishing it as a major religious and philosophical tradition in Asia.

Solution: b)

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the International Solar Alliance (ISA): ISA was founded in 2015 and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. ISA is focused exclusively on promoting solar energy in developing countries. ISA collaborates only with public sector entities to implement solar projects. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) None of the above Correct Solution: d) Statement 1 is incorrect because ISA is headquartered in India, making it the first intergovernmental organization headquartered in the country, not Geneva. Statement 2 is incorrect because ISA’s mission is inclusive, aiming to promote solar energy in both developed and developing nations, with special emphasis on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Statement 3 is incorrect because ISA partners with both public and private sectors, along with development banks and civil society, to effectively mobilize resources for global solar initiatives. Incorrect Solution: d) Statement 1 is incorrect because ISA is headquartered in India, making it the first intergovernmental organization headquartered in the country, not Geneva. Statement 2 is incorrect because ISA’s mission is inclusive, aiming to promote solar energy in both developed and developing nations, with special emphasis on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Statement 3 is incorrect because ISA partners with both public and private sectors, along with development banks and civil society, to effectively mobilize resources for global solar initiatives.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about the International Solar Alliance (ISA):

• ISA was founded in 2015 and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

• ISA is focused exclusively on promoting solar energy in developing countries.

• ISA collaborates only with public sector entities to implement solar projects.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 2 and 3 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) None of the above

Solution: d)

Statement 1 is incorrect because ISA is headquartered in India, making it the first intergovernmental organization headquartered in the country, not Geneva.

Statement 2 is incorrect because ISA’s mission is inclusive, aiming to promote solar energy in both developed and developing nations, with special emphasis on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS).

Statement 3 is incorrect because ISA partners with both public and private sectors, along with development banks and civil society, to effectively mobilize resources for global solar initiatives.

Solution: d)

Statement 1 is incorrect because ISA is headquartered in India, making it the first intergovernmental organization headquartered in the country, not Geneva.

Statement 3 is incorrect because ISA partners with both public and private sectors, along with development banks and civil society, to effectively mobilize resources for global solar initiatives.

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Which of the following unique engineering features is associated with the Kalka-Shimla Narrow-Gauge Railway? a) World’s longest railway tunnel b) India’s only double-track mountain railway c) World’s highest multi-arc gallery bridge d) Longest railway bridge in Asia Correct Solution: c) The Kalka-Shimla Narrow-Gauge Railway is known for its remarkable engineering feats, including the world’s highest multi-arc gallery bridge. This heritage railway route is famous for its scenic beauty and complex engineering, featuring numerous tunnels, bridges, and curves that allow it to navigate the rugged terrain between Kalka and Shimla. This unique bridge construction makes it an engineering marvel among mountain railways. Incorrect Solution: c) The Kalka-Shimla Narrow-Gauge Railway is known for its remarkable engineering feats, including the world’s highest multi-arc gallery bridge. This heritage railway route is famous for its scenic beauty and complex engineering, featuring numerous tunnels, bridges, and curves that allow it to navigate the rugged terrain between Kalka and Shimla. This unique bridge construction makes it an engineering marvel among mountain railways.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following unique engineering features is associated with the Kalka-Shimla Narrow-Gauge Railway?

• a) World’s longest railway tunnel

• b) India’s only double-track mountain railway

• c) World’s highest multi-arc gallery bridge

• d) Longest railway bridge in Asia

Solution: c)

The Kalka-Shimla Narrow-Gauge Railway is known for its remarkable engineering feats, including the world’s highest multi-arc gallery bridge. This heritage railway route is famous for its scenic beauty and complex engineering, featuring numerous tunnels, bridges, and curves that allow it to navigate the rugged terrain between Kalka and Shimla. This unique bridge construction makes it an engineering marvel among mountain railways.

Solution: c)

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points What is the primary purpose of the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) on the ADITYA-L1 mission? a) To observe the solar corona and investigate Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) b) To study the interior structure of the Sun c) To measure the solar magnetic field at the Sun's core d) To monitor the Sun's photospheric temperature variations Correct Solution: a) The Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) on ADITYA-L1 is specifically designed to observe the solar corona and study Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and the solar wind. The VELC’s advanced instrumentation, including a coronagraph, spectrograph, and polarimetry module, allows for detailed imaging and analysis of the solar corona. This data is critical for understanding the dynamics of CMEs, which can have significant effects on space weather and can impact satellite and communication systems on Earth. The VELC’s capabilities are particularly important for continuous monitoring during the peak of Solar Cycle 25, aiding in predictive modeling of solar activities. Incorrect Solution: a) The Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) on ADITYA-L1 is specifically designed to observe the solar corona and study Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and the solar wind. The VELC’s advanced instrumentation, including a coronagraph, spectrograph, and polarimetry module, allows for detailed imaging and analysis of the solar corona. This data is critical for understanding the dynamics of CMEs, which can have significant effects on space weather and can impact satellite and communication systems on Earth. The VELC’s capabilities are particularly important for continuous monitoring during the peak of Solar Cycle 25, aiding in predictive modeling of solar activities.

#### 6. Question

What is the primary purpose of the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) on the ADITYA-L1 mission?

• a) To observe the solar corona and investigate Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)

• b) To study the interior structure of the Sun

• c) To measure the solar magnetic field at the Sun's core

• d) To monitor the Sun's photospheric temperature variations

Solution: a)

The Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) on ADITYA-L1 is specifically designed to observe the solar corona and study Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and the solar wind. The VELC’s advanced instrumentation, including a coronagraph, spectrograph, and polarimetry module, allows for detailed imaging and analysis of the solar corona. This data is critical for understanding the dynamics of CMEs, which can have significant effects on space weather and can impact satellite and communication systems on Earth. The VELC’s capabilities are particularly important for continuous monitoring during the peak of Solar Cycle 25, aiding in predictive modeling of solar activities.

Solution: a)

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Dhauladhar range: Lam Dal Lake, a notable glacial lake, is located in the Dhauladhar range. The range’s highest peak is Indrahar Pass. The Dhauladhar range is primarily composed of limestone and sandstone. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 only b) 3 only c) 2 only d) None of the above Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct; Lam Dal Lake, a notable glacial lake, is located within the Dhauladhar range. Statement 2 is incorrect because the highest peak in the Dhauladhar range is Hanuman Tibba, not Indrahar Pass. Statement 3 is also incorrect as the Dhauladhar range is primarily composed of granite, with only some deposits of limestone and sandstone. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct; Lam Dal Lake, a notable glacial lake, is located within the Dhauladhar range. Statement 2 is incorrect because the highest peak in the Dhauladhar range is Hanuman Tibba, not Indrahar Pass. Statement 3 is also incorrect as the Dhauladhar range is primarily composed of granite, with only some deposits of limestone and sandstone.

#### 7. Question

Consider the following statements about the Dhauladhar range:

• Lam Dal Lake, a notable glacial lake, is located in the Dhauladhar range.

• The range’s highest peak is Indrahar Pass.

• The Dhauladhar range is primarily composed of limestone and sandstone.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• d) None of the above

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct; Lam Dal Lake, a notable glacial lake, is located within the Dhauladhar range.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the highest peak in the Dhauladhar range is Hanuman Tibba, not Indrahar Pass.

Statement 3 is also incorrect as the Dhauladhar range is primarily composed of granite, with only some deposits of limestone and sandstone.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct; Lam Dal Lake, a notable glacial lake, is located within the Dhauladhar range.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the highest peak in the Dhauladhar range is Hanuman Tibba, not Indrahar Pass.

Statement 3 is also incorrect as the Dhauladhar range is primarily composed of granite, with only some deposits of limestone and sandstone.

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Asian Buddhist Summit 2024: The summit will be organized by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India. The theme of the summit is “Buddhism for Global Peace.” The Asian Buddhist Summit was first initiated by the United Nations to promote interfaith harmony. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: d) Statement 1 is incorrect because the summit is organized by the Ministry of Culture, not the Ministry of Tourism. Statement 2 is incorrect as the theme of the 2024 summit is “Role of Buddha Dhamma in Strengthening Asia,” not “Buddhism for Global Peace.” Statement 3 is incorrect because the summit was initiated by the Government of India and the International Buddhist Confederation (IBC), not the United Nations. Incorrect Solution: d) Statement 1 is incorrect because the summit is organized by the Ministry of Culture, not the Ministry of Tourism. Statement 2 is incorrect as the theme of the 2024 summit is “Role of Buddha Dhamma in Strengthening Asia,” not “Buddhism for Global Peace.” Statement 3 is incorrect because the summit was initiated by the Government of India and the International Buddhist Confederation (IBC), not the United Nations.

#### 8. Question

Consider the following statements about the Asian Buddhist Summit 2024:

• The summit will be organized by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India.

• The theme of the summit is “Buddhism for Global Peace.”

• The Asian Buddhist Summit was first initiated by the United Nations to promote interfaith harmony.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: d)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the summit is organized by the Ministry of Culture, not the Ministry of Tourism.

Statement 2 is incorrect as the theme of the 2024 summit is “Role of Buddha Dhamma in Strengthening Asia,” not “Buddhism for Global Peace.”

Statement 3 is incorrect because the summit was initiated by the Government of India and the International Buddhist Confederation (IBC), not the United Nations.

Solution: d)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the summit is organized by the Ministry of Culture, not the Ministry of Tourism.

Statement 2 is incorrect as the theme of the 2024 summit is “Role of Buddha Dhamma in Strengthening Asia,” not “Buddhism for Global Peace.”

Statement 3 is incorrect because the summit was initiated by the Government of India and the International Buddhist Confederation (IBC), not the United Nations.

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Which of the following accurately describes Lewotobi Laki-Laki? a) An extinct volcano located on Bali Island, Indonesia b) A twin volcano complex situated in central Sumatra, Indonesia c) An active stratovolcano on Flores Island, Indonesia, part of a twin volcano system d) A single, isolated dormant volcano in southeastern Indonesia Correct Solution: c) Lewotobi Laki-Laki is an active stratovolcano located on Flores Island in southeastern Indonesia. It is part of the Lewotobi twin volcano complex, along with Lewotobi Perempuan. Known for its geological activity within the “Ring of Fire,” Lewotobi Laki-Laki has recently erupted, releasing lava and ash and causing significant damage in nearby areas. This volcanic activity emphasizes the region’s susceptibility to tectonic and volcanic events due to its position along the Ring of Fire. Incorrect Solution: c) Lewotobi Laki-Laki is an active stratovolcano located on Flores Island in southeastern Indonesia. It is part of the Lewotobi twin volcano complex, along with Lewotobi Perempuan. Known for its geological activity within the “Ring of Fire,” Lewotobi Laki-Laki has recently erupted, releasing lava and ash and causing significant damage in nearby areas. This volcanic activity emphasizes the region’s susceptibility to tectonic and volcanic events due to its position along the Ring of Fire.

#### 9. Question

Which of the following accurately describes Lewotobi Laki-Laki?

• a) An extinct volcano located on Bali Island, Indonesia

• b) A twin volcano complex situated in central Sumatra, Indonesia

• c) An active stratovolcano on Flores Island, Indonesia, part of a twin volcano system

• d) A single, isolated dormant volcano in southeastern Indonesia

Solution: c)

Lewotobi Laki-Laki is an active stratovolcano located on Flores Island in southeastern Indonesia. It is part of the Lewotobi twin volcano complex, along with Lewotobi Perempuan. Known for its geological activity within the “Ring of Fire,” Lewotobi Laki-Laki has recently erupted, releasing lava and ash and causing significant damage in nearby areas. This volcanic activity emphasizes the region’s susceptibility to tectonic and volcanic events due to its position along the Ring of Fire.

Solution: c)

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the defoaming process applied to the Yamuna River: The defoamer solution used has been approved by the US FDA for safe application. The defoaming process permanently resolves the foam issue in the river. The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) monitors the application to ensure environmental safety. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) The polyoxypropylene-based defoamer solution used is US FDA-approved, making it safe for environmental application. Additionally, the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) oversees the defoaming process to ensure eco-friendly practices. Statement 2 is incorrect because the defoaming process is a temporary solution, addressing foam accumulation in specific areas like the Okhla barrage but not eliminating the underlying pollution sources permanently. Incorrect Solution: b) The polyoxypropylene-based defoamer solution used is US FDA-approved, making it safe for environmental application. Additionally, the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) oversees the defoaming process to ensure eco-friendly practices. Statement 2 is incorrect because the defoaming process is a temporary solution, addressing foam accumulation in specific areas like the Okhla barrage but not eliminating the underlying pollution sources permanently.

#### 10. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the defoaming process applied to the Yamuna River:

• The defoamer solution used has been approved by the US FDA for safe application.

• The defoaming process permanently resolves the foam issue in the river.

• The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) monitors the application to ensure environmental safety.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

The polyoxypropylene-based defoamer solution used is US FDA-approved, making it safe for environmental application. Additionally, the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) oversees the defoaming process to ensure eco-friendly practices.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the defoaming process is a temporary solution, addressing foam accumulation in specific areas like the Okhla barrage but not eliminating the underlying pollution sources permanently.

Solution: b)

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