UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 31 January 2025

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Which of the following statements best describes the primary goal of the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana? a) To replace conventional power grids with 100% solar energy-based electricity generation. b) To provide subsidies for commercial and industrial solar power projects. c) To reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels by mandating solar energy adoption in all homes. d) To promote rooftop solar energy installations and provide free electricity to households up to a certain limit. Correct Solution: d) The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana aims to incentivize rooftop solar installations in households to promote renewable energy adoption and reduce electricity costs. The scheme does not mandate 100% solar adoption nor focus on commercial or industrial projects—its primary target is residential consumers. The scheme provides up to 300 units of free electricity per month through government-subsidized rooftop solar installations. About PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana: What is the PM Surya Ghar Scheme? The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojanais a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at providing free electricity to households by subsidizing the installation of rooftop solar panels. Ministry: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). Launch Date: The scheme was officially launched on February 15, 2024, following its announcement in January 2024. Aim: To provide up to 300 units of free electricity per month to one crore households. To reduce electricity costs for households and the government. To increase the share of renewable energy in India’s energy mix. To reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable development. Key Features: Subsidy: The scheme provides a subsidy of 40% of the cost for solar panel installations. For systems up to 2 kW capacity, the subsidy is 60%, and for systems between 2 kW and 3 kW, it is 40% of the additional cost. The subsidy is capped at 3 kW capacity. Financial Outlay: The total outlay for the scheme is ₹75,021 crore, with ₹4,950 crore allocated as incentives for DISCOMs (Distribution Companies). Target: The scheme aims to cover one crore households by FY 2026-27. Savings: Households can save up to ₹18,000 annually on electricity bills. Government Savings: The scheme is expected to save the government ₹75,000 crore annually in electricity costs. DISCOM Incentives: DISCOMs are designated as State Implementation Agencies (SIAs) and receive incentives based on their performance in installing rooftop solar capacity beyond a baseline level. Eligibility Criteria: The applicant must be an Indian citizen. The household must own a house with a roof suitable for solar panel installation. The household must have a valid electricity connection. The household must not have availed any other subsidy for solar panels. Incorrect Solution: d) The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana aims to incentivize rooftop solar installations in households to promote renewable energy adoption and reduce electricity costs. The scheme does not mandate 100% solar adoption nor focus on commercial or industrial projects—its primary target is residential consumers. The scheme provides up to 300 units of free electricity per month through government-subsidized rooftop solar installations. About PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana: What is the PM Surya Ghar Scheme? The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojanais a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at providing free electricity to households by subsidizing the installation of rooftop solar panels. Ministry: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). Launch Date: The scheme was officially launched on February 15, 2024, following its announcement in January 2024. Aim: To provide up to 300 units of free electricity per month to one crore households. To reduce electricity costs for households and the government. To increase the share of renewable energy in India’s energy mix. To reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable development. Key Features: Subsidy: The scheme provides a subsidy of 40% of the cost for solar panel installations. For systems up to 2 kW capacity, the subsidy is 60%, and for systems between 2 kW and 3 kW, it is 40% of the additional cost. The subsidy is capped at 3 kW capacity. Financial Outlay: The total outlay for the scheme is ₹75,021 crore, with ₹4,950 crore allocated as incentives for DISCOMs (Distribution Companies). Target: The scheme aims to cover one crore households by FY 2026-27. Savings: Households can save up to ₹18,000 annually on electricity bills. Government Savings: The scheme is expected to save the government ₹75,000 crore annually in electricity costs. DISCOM Incentives: DISCOMs are designated as State Implementation Agencies (SIAs) and receive incentives based on their performance in installing rooftop solar capacity beyond a baseline level. Eligibility Criteria: The applicant must be an Indian citizen. The household must own a house with a roof suitable for solar panel installation. The household must have a valid electricity connection. The household must not have availed any other subsidy for solar panels.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following statements best describes the primary goal of the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana?

• a) To replace conventional power grids with 100% solar energy-based electricity generation.

• b) To provide subsidies for commercial and industrial solar power projects.

• c) To reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels by mandating solar energy adoption in all homes.

• d) To promote rooftop solar energy installations and provide free electricity to households up to a certain limit.

Solution: d)

The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana aims to incentivize rooftop solar installations in households to promote renewable energy adoption and reduce electricity costs. The scheme does not mandate 100% solar adoption nor focus on commercial or industrial projects—its primary target is residential consumers. The scheme provides up to 300 units of free electricity per month through government-subsidized rooftop solar installations.

About PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana:

• What is the PM Surya Ghar Scheme? The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojanais a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at providing free electricity to households by subsidizing the installation of rooftop solar panels.

• The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojanais a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at providing free electricity to households by subsidizing the installation of rooftop solar panels.

• Ministry: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

• Launch Date: The scheme was officially launched on February 15, 2024, following its announcement in January 2024.

• To provide up to 300 units of free electricity per month to one crore households. To reduce electricity costs for households and the government. To increase the share of renewable energy in India’s energy mix. To reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable development.

• To provide up to 300 units of free electricity per month to one crore households.

• To reduce electricity costs for households and the government.

• To increase the share of renewable energy in India’s energy mix.

• To reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable development.

• Key Features:

• Subsidy: The scheme provides a subsidy of 40% of the cost for solar panel installations. For systems up to 2 kW capacity, the subsidy is 60%, and for systems between 2 kW and 3 kW, it is 40% of the additional cost. The subsidy is capped at 3 kW capacity. Financial Outlay: The total outlay for the scheme is ₹75,021 crore, with ₹4,950 crore allocated as incentives for DISCOMs (Distribution Companies). Target: The scheme aims to cover one crore households by FY 2026-27. Savings: Households can save up to ₹18,000 annually on electricity bills. Government Savings: The scheme is expected to save the government ₹75,000 crore annually in electricity costs. DISCOM Incentives: DISCOMs are designated as State Implementation Agencies (SIAs) and receive incentives based on their performance in installing rooftop solar capacity beyond a baseline level.

• Financial Outlay: The total outlay for the scheme is ₹75,021 crore, with ₹4,950 crore allocated as incentives for DISCOMs (Distribution Companies).

• Target: The scheme aims to cover one crore households by FY 2026-27.

• Savings: Households can save up to ₹18,000 annually on electricity bills.

• Government Savings: The scheme is expected to save the government ₹75,000 crore annually in electricity costs.

• DISCOM Incentives: DISCOMs are designated as State Implementation Agencies (SIAs) and receive incentives based on their performance in installing rooftop solar capacity beyond a baseline level.

• Eligibility Criteria:

• The applicant must be an Indian citizen. The household must own a house with a roof suitable for solar panel installation. The household must have a valid electricity connection. The household must not have availed any other subsidy for solar panels.

• The applicant must be an Indian citizen.

• The household must own a house with a roof suitable for solar panel installation.

• The household must have a valid electricity connection.

• The household must not have availed any other subsidy for solar panels.

Solution: d)

About PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana:

• The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojanais a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at providing free electricity to households by subsidizing the installation of rooftop solar panels.

• Ministry: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

• Launch Date: The scheme was officially launched on February 15, 2024, following its announcement in January 2024.

• To provide up to 300 units of free electricity per month to one crore households.

• To reduce electricity costs for households and the government.

• To increase the share of renewable energy in India’s energy mix.

• To reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable development.

• Key Features:

• Financial Outlay: The total outlay for the scheme is ₹75,021 crore, with ₹4,950 crore allocated as incentives for DISCOMs (Distribution Companies).

• Target: The scheme aims to cover one crore households by FY 2026-27.

• Savings: Households can save up to ₹18,000 annually on electricity bills.

• Government Savings: The scheme is expected to save the government ₹75,000 crore annually in electricity costs.

• Eligibility Criteria:

• The applicant must be an Indian citizen.

• The household must own a house with a roof suitable for solar panel installation.

• The household must have a valid electricity connection.

• The household must not have availed any other subsidy for solar panels.

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the geography of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): The DRC is the second-largest country in Africa by area. The Congo River is the longest river in Africa. The DRC does not have a coastline along the Atlantic Ocean. How many of the above statements are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct: The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the second-largest country in Africa by area, after Algeria. Statement 2 is incorrect: The Congo River is the second-longest river in Africa, after the Nile River. However, it is the deepest river in the world and has the second-largest discharge after the Amazon River. Statement 3 is incorrect: The DRC has a small coastline of about 37 km along the Atlantic Ocean. About the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Location: The DRC is located in Central Africa and is the second-largest country in Africa by land area. It shares borders with nine countries: Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Angola. Capital: The capital and largest city is Kinshasa, which is also the economic and administrative center of the country. Geographical Features: Congo River: The DRC is centered around the Congo Basin, home to the Congo River, the second-longest river in Africa. Mountains: The eastern region features the Albertine Rift Mountains, including the Virunga Mountains and the active Mount Nyiragongo volcano. Lakes: The country is home to several large lakes, including Lake Kivu, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Edward. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct: The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the second-largest country in Africa by area, after Algeria. Statement 2 is incorrect: The Congo River is the second-longest river in Africa, after the Nile River. However, it is the deepest river in the world and has the second-largest discharge after the Amazon River. Statement 3 is incorrect: The DRC has a small coastline of about 37 km along the Atlantic Ocean. About the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Location: The DRC is located in Central Africa and is the second-largest country in Africa by land area. It shares borders with nine countries: Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Angola. Capital: The capital and largest city is Kinshasa, which is also the economic and administrative center of the country. Geographical Features: Congo River: The DRC is centered around the Congo Basin, home to the Congo River, the second-longest river in Africa. Mountains: The eastern region features the Albertine Rift Mountains, including the Virunga Mountains and the active Mount Nyiragongo volcano. Lakes: The country is home to several large lakes, including Lake Kivu, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Edward.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the geography of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC):

• The DRC is the second-largest country in Africa by area.

• The Congo River is the longest river in Africa.

• The DRC does not have a coastline along the Atlantic Ocean.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct: The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the second-largest country in Africa by area, after Algeria.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The Congo River is the second-longest river in Africa, after the Nile River. However, it is the deepest river in the world and has the second-largest discharge after the Amazon River.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The DRC has a small coastline of about 37 km along the Atlantic Ocean.

About the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC):

• Location: The DRC is located in Central Africa and is the second-largest country in Africa by land area. It shares borders with nine countries: Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Angola.

• The DRC is located in Central Africa and is the second-largest country in Africa by land area.

• It shares borders with nine countries: Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Angola.

• Capital: The capital and largest city is Kinshasa, which is also the economic and administrative center of the country.

• The capital and largest city is Kinshasa, which is also the economic and administrative center of the country.

• Geographical Features: Congo River: The DRC is centered around the Congo Basin, home to the Congo River, the second-longest river in Africa. Mountains: The eastern region features the Albertine Rift Mountains, including the Virunga Mountains and the active Mount Nyiragongo volcano. Lakes: The country is home to several large lakes, including Lake Kivu, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Edward.

• Congo River: The DRC is centered around the Congo Basin, home to the Congo River, the second-longest river in Africa.

• Mountains: The eastern region features the Albertine Rift Mountains, including the Virunga Mountains and the active Mount Nyiragongo volcano.

• Lakes: The country is home to several large lakes, including Lake Kivu, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Edward.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct: The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the second-largest country in Africa by area, after Algeria.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The DRC has a small coastline of about 37 km along the Atlantic Ocean.

About the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC):

• The DRC is located in Central Africa and is the second-largest country in Africa by land area.

• It shares borders with nine countries: Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Angola.

• Capital: The capital and largest city is Kinshasa, which is also the economic and administrative center of the country.

• The capital and largest city is Kinshasa, which is also the economic and administrative center of the country.

• Congo River: The DRC is centered around the Congo Basin, home to the Congo River, the second-longest river in Africa.

• Mountains: The eastern region features the Albertine Rift Mountains, including the Virunga Mountains and the active Mount Nyiragongo volcano.

• Lakes: The country is home to several large lakes, including Lake Kivu, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Edward.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Which of the following best describes the primary objective of the MSME TEAM Initiative? a) To provide direct financial subsidies to MSMEs for infrastructure development. b) To integrate MSMEs into a unified digital ecosystem to enhance market access. c) To establish new manufacturing hubs exclusively in urban areas. d) To promote traditional marketing methods among MSMEs. Correct Solution: b) The primary objective of the MSME TEAM Initiative is to empower MSMEs by integrating them into a unified digital ecosystem, thereby enhancing their market access and reducing operational costs. What is the TEAM Initiative? The Trade Enablement and Marketing (TEAM) initiativeis a government scheme designed to help MSMEsadopt digital commerce by leveraging the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC). Ministry:Ministry of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME). Scheme Under:It has been launched under the “Raising and Accelerating MSME Productivity (RAMP)” Programme. Aim: To empower MSMEs by integrating them into the digital commerce ecosystem. To promote inclusivityby ensuring 50% participation of women-led businesses. To provide MSMEs with access to digital storefronts, payment solutions, and logistics support. Targets: Onboard 5 lakh MSMEsonto the ONDC network. Conduct 150+ workshopsin tier 2 and 3 cities, focusing on MSME clusters, women-led, and SC/ST-led businesses. Implementation Partner:National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC). Budget and Duration: Budget:₹277.35 crore. Duration:Three years (2025-2028). Key Features: Digital Storefronts:Enable MSMEs to create and manage online stores. Payment Solutions:Provide seamless payment integration for businesses. Logistics Support:Facilitate efficient delivery and supply chain management. Workshops:Conduct over 150 workshops to educate MSMEs on joining ONDC, creating digital catalogues, and optimizing platform usage. Dedicated Portal:Offer a portal for workshop registration, financing options, grievance support, and tools for catalogue creation and account management. Inclusivity:Ensure 50% participation of women-led businesses. Incorrect Solution: b) The primary objective of the MSME TEAM Initiative is to empower MSMEs by integrating them into a unified digital ecosystem, thereby enhancing their market access and reducing operational costs. What is the TEAM Initiative? The Trade Enablement and Marketing (TEAM) initiativeis a government scheme designed to help MSMEsadopt digital commerce by leveraging the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC). Ministry:Ministry of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME). Scheme Under:It has been launched under the “Raising and Accelerating MSME Productivity (RAMP)” Programme. Aim: To empower MSMEs by integrating them into the digital commerce ecosystem. To promote inclusivityby ensuring 50% participation of women-led businesses. To provide MSMEs with access to digital storefronts, payment solutions, and logistics support. Targets: Onboard 5 lakh MSMEsonto the ONDC network. Conduct 150+ workshopsin tier 2 and 3 cities, focusing on MSME clusters, women-led, and SC/ST-led businesses. Implementation Partner:National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC). Budget and Duration: Budget:₹277.35 crore. Duration:Three years (2025-2028). Key Features: Digital Storefronts:Enable MSMEs to create and manage online stores. Payment Solutions:Provide seamless payment integration for businesses. Logistics Support:Facilitate efficient delivery and supply chain management. Workshops:Conduct over 150 workshops to educate MSMEs on joining ONDC, creating digital catalogues, and optimizing platform usage. Dedicated Portal:Offer a portal for workshop registration, financing options, grievance support, and tools for catalogue creation and account management. Inclusivity:Ensure 50% participation of women-led businesses.

#### 3. Question

Which of the following best describes the primary objective of the MSME TEAM Initiative?

• a) To provide direct financial subsidies to MSMEs for infrastructure development.

• b) To integrate MSMEs into a unified digital ecosystem to enhance market access.

• c) To establish new manufacturing hubs exclusively in urban areas.

• d) To promote traditional marketing methods among MSMEs.

Solution: b)

The primary objective of the MSME TEAM Initiative is to empower MSMEs by integrating them into a unified digital ecosystem, thereby enhancing their market access and reducing operational costs.

• What is the TEAM Initiative? The Trade Enablement and Marketing (TEAM) initiativeis a government scheme designed to help MSMEsadopt digital commerce by leveraging the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC).

• The Trade Enablement and Marketing (TEAM) initiativeis a government scheme designed to help MSMEsadopt digital commerce by leveraging the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC).

• Ministry:Ministry of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME).

• Scheme Under:It has been launched under the “Raising and Accelerating MSME Productivity (RAMP)” Programme.

• Aim: To empower MSMEs by integrating them into the digital commerce ecosystem. To promote inclusivityby ensuring 50% participation of women-led businesses. To provide MSMEs with access to digital storefronts, payment solutions, and logistics support.

• To empower MSMEs by integrating them into the digital commerce ecosystem.

• To promote inclusivityby ensuring 50% participation of women-led businesses.

• To provide MSMEs with access to digital storefronts, payment solutions, and logistics support.

• Targets: Onboard 5 lakh MSMEsonto the ONDC network. Conduct 150+ workshopsin tier 2 and 3 cities, focusing on MSME clusters, women-led, and SC/ST-led businesses.

• Onboard 5 lakh MSMEsonto the ONDC network.

• Conduct 150+ workshopsin tier 2 and 3 cities, focusing on MSME clusters, women-led, and SC/ST-led businesses.

• Implementation Partner:National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC).

• Budget and Duration: Budget:₹277.35 crore. Duration:Three years (2025-2028).

• Budget:₹277.35 crore.

• Duration:Three years (2025-2028).

• Key Features: Digital Storefronts:Enable MSMEs to create and manage online stores. Payment Solutions:Provide seamless payment integration for businesses. Logistics Support:Facilitate efficient delivery and supply chain management. Workshops:Conduct over 150 workshops to educate MSMEs on joining ONDC, creating digital catalogues, and optimizing platform usage. Dedicated Portal:Offer a portal for workshop registration, financing options, grievance support, and tools for catalogue creation and account management. Inclusivity:Ensure 50% participation of women-led businesses.

• Digital Storefronts:Enable MSMEs to create and manage online stores.

• Payment Solutions:Provide seamless payment integration for businesses.

• Logistics Support:Facilitate efficient delivery and supply chain management.

• Workshops:Conduct over 150 workshops to educate MSMEs on joining ONDC, creating digital catalogues, and optimizing platform usage.

• Dedicated Portal:Offer a portal for workshop registration, financing options, grievance support, and tools for catalogue creation and account management.

• Inclusivity:Ensure 50% participation of women-led businesses.