UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 3 October 2024

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Which of the following statements about swallowtail butterflies is correct? a) All species of swallowtail butterflies are listed as endangered by the IUCN. b) Overexploitation of citrus plants in Assam is endangering swallowtail butterflies. c) Swallowtail butterflies are primarily found in Europe. d) Illegal tree felling has no impact on swallowtail butterfly habitats. Correct Solution: b) Overexploitation of citrus plants in Assam, particularly in the “citrus belt,” has been cited as a primary reason for the endangerment of swallowtail butterflies. These butterflies depend on certain host plants for survival. Not all swallowtail species are listed as endangered, and they are found worldwide, including in India’s Northeast. Illegal tree felling does impact their habitats. Incorrect Solution: b) Overexploitation of citrus plants in Assam, particularly in the “citrus belt,” has been cited as a primary reason for the endangerment of swallowtail butterflies. These butterflies depend on certain host plants for survival. Not all swallowtail species are listed as endangered, and they are found worldwide, including in India’s Northeast. Illegal tree felling does impact their habitats.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following statements about swallowtail butterflies is correct?

• a) All species of swallowtail butterflies are listed as endangered by the IUCN.

• b) Overexploitation of citrus plants in Assam is endangering swallowtail butterflies.

• c) Swallowtail butterflies are primarily found in Europe.

• d) Illegal tree felling has no impact on swallowtail butterfly habitats.

Solution: b)

Overexploitation of citrus plants in Assam, particularly in the “citrus belt,” has been cited as a primary reason for the endangerment of swallowtail butterflies. These butterflies depend on certain host plants for survival. Not all swallowtail species are listed as endangered, and they are found worldwide, including in India’s Northeast. Illegal tree felling does impact their habitats.

Solution: b)

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Which of the following techniques will be employed by the Venus Orbiter Mission to achieve a low-altitude science orbit? a) Gravity assist b) Solar sailing c) Aerobraking d) Nuclear propulsion Correct Solution: c) The Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) will use the aerobraking technique to achieve a low-altitude orbit of 200×600 km. Aerobraking involves using the planet’s atmosphere to slow down the spacecraft, allowing it to enter a closer, stable orbit with minimal fuel consumption. Incorrect Solution: c) The Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) will use the aerobraking technique to achieve a low-altitude orbit of 200×600 km. Aerobraking involves using the planet’s atmosphere to slow down the spacecraft, allowing it to enter a closer, stable orbit with minimal fuel consumption.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following techniques will be employed by the Venus Orbiter Mission to achieve a low-altitude science orbit?

• a) Gravity assist

• b) Solar sailing

• c) Aerobraking

• d) Nuclear propulsion

Solution: c)

The Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) will use the aerobraking technique to achieve a low-altitude orbit of 200×600 km. Aerobraking involves using the planet’s atmosphere to slow down the spacecraft, allowing it to enter a closer, stable orbit with minimal fuel consumption.

Solution: c)

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Regarding the Bharat-Gen initiative, consider the following statements: It is a government-funded initiative aimed at developing AI models. Bharat-Gen primarily focuses on AI models for Indian languages and cultural contexts. The initiative is led by IIT Madras under the National Mission on Cyber-Physical Systems. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Bharat-Gen is indeed a government-funded AI initiative aimed at supporting Indian languages and cultural contexts (statements 1 and 2 are correct). However, it is led by IIT Bombay, not IIT Madras, making statement 3 incorrect. India has launched “Bharat-Gen,” a generative AI initiative designed to enhance public service delivery, with a strong focus on promoting inclusivity in Indian languages. Bharat-Gen Overview: Developed by: Led by IIT Bombay under National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS). Aim: To create generative AI models supporting India’s linguistic diversity and cultural context. This initiative marks the world’s first government-funded Multimodal Large Language Model project. Features of Bharat-Gen: Multilingual & Multimodal: Bharat-Gen models cater to both text and speech, covering a wide range of Indian languages. India-Centric Data: Uses curated datasets focused on India’s linguistic diversity and cultural contexts. Open-Source Platform: Democratizes AI access, enabling startups, researchers, and innovators to build on foundational AI models. Data-Efficient Learning: Effective in training AI for languages with limited digital presence, making it suitable for low-resource languages. Significance: Cultural Preservation: Ensures representation of India’s diverse languages and cultural heritage in AI systems. Digital Sovereignty: Reduces reliance on foreign technologies by developing indigenous AI solutions. Inclusive Development: Aims to make AI accessible to all citizens, particularly in underserved regions. Strengthening AI Ecosystem: Encourages innovation in India’s AI research community, fostering global collaborations and boosting AI startups. Incorrect Solution: b) Bharat-Gen is indeed a government-funded AI initiative aimed at supporting Indian languages and cultural contexts (statements 1 and 2 are correct). However, it is led by IIT Bombay, not IIT Madras, making statement 3 incorrect. India has launched “Bharat-Gen,” a generative AI initiative designed to enhance public service delivery, with a strong focus on promoting inclusivity in Indian languages. Bharat-Gen Overview: Developed by: Led by IIT Bombay under National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS). Aim: To create generative AI models supporting India’s linguistic diversity and cultural context. This initiative marks the world’s first government-funded Multimodal Large Language Model project. Features of Bharat-Gen: Multilingual & Multimodal: Bharat-Gen models cater to both text and speech, covering a wide range of Indian languages. India-Centric Data: Uses curated datasets focused on India’s linguistic diversity and cultural contexts. Open-Source Platform: Democratizes AI access, enabling startups, researchers, and innovators to build on foundational AI models. Data-Efficient Learning: Effective in training AI for languages with limited digital presence, making it suitable for low-resource languages. Significance: Cultural Preservation: Ensures representation of India’s diverse languages and cultural heritage in AI systems. Digital Sovereignty: Reduces reliance on foreign technologies by developing indigenous AI solutions. Inclusive Development: Aims to make AI accessible to all citizens, particularly in underserved regions. Strengthening AI Ecosystem: Encourages innovation in India’s AI research community, fostering global collaborations and boosting AI startups.

#### 3. Question

Regarding the Bharat-Gen initiative, consider the following statements:

• It is a government-funded initiative aimed at developing AI models.

• Bharat-Gen primarily focuses on AI models for Indian languages and cultural contexts.

• The initiative is led by IIT Madras under the National Mission on Cyber-Physical Systems.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Bharat-Gen is indeed a government-funded AI initiative aimed at supporting Indian languages and cultural contexts (statements 1 and 2 are correct). However, it is led by IIT Bombay, not IIT Madras, making statement 3 incorrect.

India has launched “Bharat-Gen,” a generative AI initiative designed to enhance public service delivery, with a strong focus on promoting inclusivity in Indian languages.

Bharat-Gen Overview:

• Developed by: Led by IIT Bombay under National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS).

• Aim: To create generative AI models supporting India’s linguistic diversity and cultural context. This initiative marks the world’s first government-funded Multimodal Large Language Model project.

• This initiative marks the world’s first government-funded Multimodal Large Language Model project.

Features of Bharat-Gen:

• Multilingual & Multimodal: Bharat-Gen models cater to both text and speech, covering a wide range of Indian languages.

• India-Centric Data: Uses curated datasets focused on India’s linguistic diversity and cultural contexts.

• Open-Source Platform: Democratizes AI access, enabling startups, researchers, and innovators to build on foundational AI models.

• Data-Efficient Learning: Effective in training AI for languages with limited digital presence, making it suitable for low-resource languages.

Significance:

• Cultural Preservation: Ensures representation of India’s diverse languages and cultural heritage in AI systems.

• Digital Sovereignty: Reduces reliance on foreign technologies by developing indigenous AI solutions.

• Inclusive Development: Aims to make AI accessible to all citizens, particularly in underserved regions.

• Strengthening AI Ecosystem: Encourages innovation in India’s AI research community, fostering global collaborations and boosting AI startups.

Solution: b)

India has launched “Bharat-Gen,” a generative AI initiative designed to enhance public service delivery, with a strong focus on promoting inclusivity in Indian languages.

Bharat-Gen Overview:

• Developed by: Led by IIT Bombay under National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS).

• This initiative marks the world’s first government-funded Multimodal Large Language Model project.

Features of Bharat-Gen:

• Multilingual & Multimodal: Bharat-Gen models cater to both text and speech, covering a wide range of Indian languages.

• India-Centric Data: Uses curated datasets focused on India’s linguistic diversity and cultural contexts.

• Open-Source Platform: Democratizes AI access, enabling startups, researchers, and innovators to build on foundational AI models.

• Data-Efficient Learning: Effective in training AI for languages with limited digital presence, making it suitable for low-resource languages.

Significance:

• Cultural Preservation: Ensures representation of India’s diverse languages and cultural heritage in AI systems.

• Digital Sovereignty: Reduces reliance on foreign technologies by developing indigenous AI solutions.

• Inclusive Development: Aims to make AI accessible to all citizens, particularly in underserved regions.

• Strengthening AI Ecosystem: Encourages innovation in India’s AI research community, fostering global collaborations and boosting AI startups.

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Isostatic rebound is most commonly associated with which of the following phenomena? a) River formation b) Volcanic eruptions c) Tsunami formation d) Melting of glaciers Correct Solution: d) Isostatic rebound primarily occurs when glaciers melt, reducing the weight pressing down on the Earth’s crust. The crust then rebounds or rises as the pressure decreases. This process can also happen due to the erosion of landmasses, as seen in the case of Mount Everest due to the erosion caused by the Arun River. Incorrect Solution: d) Isostatic rebound primarily occurs when glaciers melt, reducing the weight pressing down on the Earth’s crust. The crust then rebounds or rises as the pressure decreases. This process can also happen due to the erosion of landmasses, as seen in the case of Mount Everest due to the erosion caused by the Arun River.

#### 4. Question

Isostatic rebound is most commonly associated with which of the following phenomena?

• a) River formation

• b) Volcanic eruptions

• c) Tsunami formation

• d) Melting of glaciers

Solution: d)

Isostatic rebound primarily occurs when glaciers melt, reducing the weight pressing down on the Earth’s crust. The crust then rebounds or rises as the pressure decreases. This process can also happen due to the erosion of landmasses, as seen in the case of Mount Everest due to the erosion caused by the Arun River.

Solution: d)

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Which of the following features is true of India’s Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM)? a) The mission will use a Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM-3). b) The mission will focus primarily on detecting water on Venus. c) It will use a high-altitude orbit to study Venus’ surface and atmosphere. d) It will carry a single payload, fully developed by international collaborators. Correct Solution: a) India’s Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) will use the LVM-3 launch vehicle. The mission will focus on multiple objectives including the study of Venus’ atmosphere, surface, and solar interactions using 19 payloads. The mission will use the aerobraking technique to achieve a low-altitude orbit, not a high-altitude one. Incorrect Solution: a) India’s Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) will use the LVM-3 launch vehicle. The mission will focus on multiple objectives including the study of Venus’ atmosphere, surface, and solar interactions using 19 payloads. The mission will use the aerobraking technique to achieve a low-altitude orbit, not a high-altitude one.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following features is true of India’s Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM)?

• a) The mission will use a Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM-3).

• b) The mission will focus primarily on detecting water on Venus.

• c) It will use a high-altitude orbit to study Venus’ surface and atmosphere.

• d) It will carry a single payload, fully developed by international collaborators.

Solution: a)

India’s Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) will use the LVM-3 launch vehicle. The mission will focus on multiple objectives including the study of Venus’ atmosphere, surface, and solar interactions using 19 payloads. The mission will use the aerobraking technique to achieve a low-altitude orbit, not a high-altitude one.

Solution: a)

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points What is the primary goal of the Cruise Bharat Mission by 2029? a) Increase cruise passenger traffic to 5 million b) Increase cruise passenger traffic to 1 million and create 1 million jobs c) Establish 50 new international cruise terminals d) Boost employment and maritime trade Correct Solution: d) The Cruise Bharat Mission aims to boost cruise tourism by increasing cruise passenger traffic to 1 million by 2029, creating 400,000 jobs, and enhancing India’s maritime trade. The mission’s goal includes expanding India’s position as a global cruise destination and creating a sustainable infrastructure for the industry. Incorrect Solution: d) The Cruise Bharat Mission aims to boost cruise tourism by increasing cruise passenger traffic to 1 million by 2029, creating 400,000 jobs, and enhancing India’s maritime trade. The mission’s goal includes expanding India’s position as a global cruise destination and creating a sustainable infrastructure for the industry.

#### 6. Question

What is the primary goal of the Cruise Bharat Mission by 2029?

• a) Increase cruise passenger traffic to 5 million

• b) Increase cruise passenger traffic to 1 million and create 1 million jobs

• c) Establish 50 new international cruise terminals

• d) Boost employment and maritime trade

Solution: d)

The Cruise Bharat Mission aims to boost cruise tourism by increasing cruise passenger traffic to 1 million by 2029, creating 400,000 jobs, and enhancing India’s maritime trade. The mission’s goal includes expanding India’s position as a global cruise destination and creating a sustainable infrastructure for the industry.

Solution: d)

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Which of the following statements regarding future Venus missions is correct? a) NASA’s VERITAS mission is focused on studying Venus’ atmosphere. b) DAVINCI is a NASA mission that will map Venus’ geology. c) ESA’s EnVision mission will use radar imaging to map Venus’ surface. d) JAXA’s Akatsuki mission is scheduled for launch in 2030. Correct Solution: c) ESA’s EnVision mission, scheduled for the 2030s, will focus on mapping Venus’ surface using radar. VERITAS (2026) will also map Venus’ geology, while DAVINCI (2026) will study Venus’ atmosphere, not map its geology. JAXA’s Akatsuki mission was launched in 2010, not 2030. Incorrect Solution: c) ESA’s EnVision mission, scheduled for the 2030s, will focus on mapping Venus’ surface using radar. VERITAS (2026) will also map Venus’ geology, while DAVINCI (2026) will study Venus’ atmosphere, not map its geology. JAXA’s Akatsuki mission was launched in 2010, not 2030.

#### 7. Question

Which of the following statements regarding future Venus missions is correct?

• a) NASA’s VERITAS mission is focused on studying Venus’ atmosphere.

• b) DAVINCI is a NASA mission that will map Venus’ geology.

• c) ESA’s EnVision mission will use radar imaging to map Venus’ surface.

• d) JAXA’s Akatsuki mission is scheduled for launch in 2030.

Solution: c)

ESA’s EnVision mission, scheduled for the 2030s, will focus on mapping Venus’ surface using radar. VERITAS (2026) will also map Venus’ geology, while DAVINCI (2026) will study Venus’ atmosphere, not map its geology. JAXA’s Akatsuki mission was launched in 2010, not 2030.

Solution: c)

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the recent study on Mount Everest’s growth: The height increase of Mount Everest is primarily due to tectonic plate collisions. The erosion caused by the Arun River contributes to the upward push of Mount Everest. The phenomenon of isostatic rebound plays a key role in the growth of Mount Everest. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is correct because the erosion by the Arun River plays a significant role in pushing Mount Everest upward due to isostatic rebound. Statement 3 is also correct, as isostatic rebound, where the crust rises due to reduced surface weight, is a key factor in Everest’s height increase. Statement 1 is incorrect because, although the tectonic plate collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates has been driving the uplift of the Himalayas for millions of years, the recent study highlights the role of erosion and isostatic rebound as more immediate factors. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is correct because the erosion by the Arun River plays a significant role in pushing Mount Everest upward due to isostatic rebound. Statement 3 is also correct, as isostatic rebound, where the crust rises due to reduced surface weight, is a key factor in Everest’s height increase. Statement 1 is incorrect because, although the tectonic plate collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates has been driving the uplift of the Himalayas for millions of years, the recent study highlights the role of erosion and isostatic rebound as more immediate factors.

#### 8. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the recent study on Mount Everest’s growth:

• The height increase of Mount Everest is primarily due to tectonic plate collisions.

• The erosion caused by the Arun River contributes to the upward push of Mount Everest.

• The phenomenon of isostatic rebound plays a key role in the growth of Mount Everest.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is correct because the erosion by the Arun River plays a significant role in pushing Mount Everest upward due to isostatic rebound.

Statement 3 is also correct, as isostatic rebound, where the crust rises due to reduced surface weight, is a key factor in Everest’s height increase.

Statement 1 is incorrect because, although the tectonic plate collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates has been driving the uplift of the Himalayas for millions of years, the recent study highlights the role of erosion and isostatic rebound as more immediate factors.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is correct because the erosion by the Arun River plays a significant role in pushing Mount Everest upward due to isostatic rebound.

Statement 3 is also correct, as isostatic rebound, where the crust rises due to reduced surface weight, is a key factor in Everest’s height increase.

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Arun River: The Arun River originates from the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The Arun River directly flows into India before joining the Ganges. The Arun River contributes to the Ganges Basin through its tributaries. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 3 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the Arun River originates in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Statement 3 is also correct because the Arun River contributes to the Ganges Basin through its tributaries after flowing through Nepal. However, statement 2 is incorrect because the Arun River does not directly flow through India; it merges with the Saptakoshi River in Nepal, which later contributes to the Ganges. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the Arun River originates in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Statement 3 is also correct because the Arun River contributes to the Ganges Basin through its tributaries after flowing through Nepal. However, statement 2 is incorrect because the Arun River does not directly flow through India; it merges with the Saptakoshi River in Nepal, which later contributes to the Ganges.

#### 9. Question

Consider the following statements about the Arun River:

• The Arun River originates from the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

• The Arun River directly flows into India before joining the Ganges.

• The Arun River contributes to the Ganges Basin through its tributaries.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 3 only

• b) 1 and 2 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct as the Arun River originates in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

Statement 3 is also correct because the Arun River contributes to the Ganges Basin through its tributaries after flowing through Nepal.

However, statement 2 is incorrect because the Arun River does not directly flow through India; it merges with the Saptakoshi River in Nepal, which later contributes to the Ganges.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct as the Arun River originates in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

Statement 3 is also correct because the Arun River contributes to the Ganges Basin through its tributaries after flowing through Nepal.

However, statement 2 is incorrect because the Arun River does not directly flow through India; it merges with the Saptakoshi River in Nepal, which later contributes to the Ganges.

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Regarding the features of the Cruise Bharat Mission, consider the following statements: The mission emphasizes both decarbonization and digitalization of cruise infrastructure. The mission will establish a National Cruise Tourism Policy. Cruise Bharat aims to promote domestic tourism only, with no plans for international promotion. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct because the mission promotes decarbonization (e.g., shore power) and digitalization (e.g., facial recognition systems) to modernize cruise infrastructure. Statement 2 is also correct as the mission plans to establish a National Cruise Tourism Policy. Statement 3 is incorrect as the mission includes international promotion by hosting events like the Cruise India Summit and forming alliances with neighboring countries like the UAE, Maldives, and Singapore. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct because the mission promotes decarbonization (e.g., shore power) and digitalization (e.g., facial recognition systems) to modernize cruise infrastructure. Statement 2 is also correct as the mission plans to establish a National Cruise Tourism Policy. Statement 3 is incorrect as the mission includes international promotion by hosting events like the Cruise India Summit and forming alliances with neighboring countries like the UAE, Maldives, and Singapore.

#### 10. Question

Regarding the features of the Cruise Bharat Mission, consider the following statements:

• The mission emphasizes both decarbonization and digitalization of cruise infrastructure.

• The mission will establish a National Cruise Tourism Policy.

• Cruise Bharat aims to promote domestic tourism only, with no plans for international promotion.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct because the mission promotes decarbonization (e.g., shore power) and digitalization (e.g., facial recognition systems) to modernize cruise infrastructure.

Statement 2 is also correct as the mission plans to establish a National Cruise Tourism Policy.

Statement 3 is incorrect as the mission includes international promotion by hosting events like the Cruise India Summit and forming alliances with neighboring countries like the UAE, Maldives, and Singapore.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct because the mission promotes decarbonization (e.g., shore power) and digitalization (e.g., facial recognition systems) to modernize cruise infrastructure.

Statement 2 is also correct as the mission plans to establish a National Cruise Tourism Policy.

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