UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 3 December 2025

The Current Affairs Quiz is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA): Statement-I: International IDEA is a specialized agency of the United Nations mandated to oversee global electoral processes and certify election results. Statement-II: It operates as an intergovernmental organization with a mandate to support sustainable democracy worldwide through knowledge production and capacity building. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: D Statement-I is incorrect. International IDEA is not a specialized agency of the United Nations. While it holds UN General Assembly Observer Status (since 2003), it is an independent intergovernmental organization based in Stockholm. Furthermore, its mandate is not to “certify” results but to strengthen institutions and processes. Statement-II is correct. Established in 1995, its core mission is to advance sustainable democracy by generating comparative knowledge, training Election Management Bodies (EMBs), and facilitating dialogue. It is the only global intergovernmental organization with a sole mandate to support democracy. Incorrect Solution: D Statement-I is incorrect. International IDEA is not a specialized agency of the United Nations. While it holds UN General Assembly Observer Status (since 2003), it is an independent intergovernmental organization based in Stockholm. Furthermore, its mandate is not to “certify” results but to strengthen institutions and processes. Statement-II is correct. Established in 1995, its core mission is to advance sustainable democracy by generating comparative knowledge, training Election Management Bodies (EMBs), and facilitating dialogue. It is the only global intergovernmental organization with a sole mandate to support democracy.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA):

Statement-I: International IDEA is a specialized agency of the United Nations mandated to oversee global electoral processes and certify election results.

Statement-II: It operates as an intergovernmental organization with a mandate to support sustainable democracy worldwide through knowledge production and capacity building.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: D

• Statement-I is incorrect. International IDEA is not a specialized agency of the United Nations. While it holds UN General Assembly Observer Status (since 2003), it is an independent intergovernmental organization based in Stockholm. Furthermore, its mandate is not to “certify” results but to strengthen institutions and processes.

• Statement-II is correct. Established in 1995, its core mission is to advance sustainable democracy by generating comparative knowledge, training Election Management Bodies (EMBs), and facilitating dialogue. It is the only global intergovernmental organization with a sole mandate to support democracy.

Solution: D

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Masala Bonds: Statement I: Masala Bonds are rupee-denominated instruments issued in overseas markets. Statement II: In Masala Bonds, the currency risk is borne by the investor rather than the issuer. Statement III: Masala Bonds help in the internationalization of the Indian Rupee. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? (a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I (b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I (b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I (d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct Correct Solution: A Statement I is the core definition: Masala Bonds are rupee-denominated but issued offshore. Statement II is correct and explains why they are structured this way (rupee-denominated): the issuer (Indian entity) is protected from currency fluctuation, transferring that risk to the offshore investor. Statement III is also correct and explains the broader implication or strategic reason for the existence of such bonds (Statement I). By creating a global market for rupee-denominated debt, these bonds directly contribute to the internationalization of the rupee. Therefore, both II (the mechanism of risk transfer inherent in the denomination) and III (the strategic outcome of such issuance) explains the nature and purpose of Statement I. Incorrect Solution: A Statement I is the core definition: Masala Bonds are rupee-denominated but issued offshore. Statement II is correct and explains why they are structured this way (rupee-denominated): the issuer (Indian entity) is protected from currency fluctuation, transferring that risk to the offshore investor. Statement III is also correct and explains the broader implication or strategic reason for the existence of such bonds (Statement I). By creating a global market for rupee-denominated debt, these bonds directly contribute to the internationalization of the rupee. Therefore, both II (the mechanism of risk transfer inherent in the denomination) and III (the strategic outcome of such issuance) explains the nature and purpose of Statement I.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Masala Bonds:

Statement I: Masala Bonds are rupee-denominated instruments issued in overseas markets.

Statement II: In Masala Bonds, the currency risk is borne by the investor rather than the issuer.

Statement III: Masala Bonds help in the internationalization of the Indian Rupee.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• (a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I

• (b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I

• (d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct

Solution: A

• Statement I is the core definition: Masala Bonds are rupee-denominated but issued offshore.

• Statement II is correct and explains why they are structured this way (rupee-denominated): the issuer (Indian entity) is protected from currency fluctuation, transferring that risk to the offshore investor.

• Statement III is also correct and explains the broader implication or strategic reason for the existence of such bonds (Statement I). By creating a global market for rupee-denominated debt, these bonds directly contribute to the internationalization of the rupee.

• Therefore, both II (the mechanism of risk transfer inherent in the denomination) and III (the strategic outcome of such issuance) explains the nature and purpose of Statement I.

Solution: A

• Statement I is the core definition: Masala Bonds are rupee-denominated but issued offshore.

• Therefore, both II (the mechanism of risk transfer inherent in the denomination) and III (the strategic outcome of such issuance) explains the nature and purpose of Statement I.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points With reference to the ‘Sanchar Saathi’ platform, consider the following statements: It is a citizen-protection platform developed by the National Informatics Centre (NIC) in collaboration with NITI Aayog. The ‘Chakshu’ tool within the platform allows users to report suspected fraud communications such as fake KYC alerts. It allows users to check all mobile connections linked to their identity to detect unauthorized usage. The platform is limited to blocking lost devices and does not support the verification of the authenticity of second-hand handsets. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two c) Only three d) All four Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is incorrect. The platform is developed by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), not NITI Aayog. Statement 2 is correct. The Chakshu tool is specifically designed to enable reporting of suspected fraud communications, including fake KYC alerts, impersonation, and phishing. Statement 3 is correct. A core feature of the platform is identity management, allowing users to view all SIMs linked to their name. Statement 4 is incorrect. The platform explicitly includes Device Authenticity Verification to check if a handset’s IMEI is genuine or blacklisted, which is crucial for the second-hand market. It is not limited only to blocking lost phones. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is incorrect. The platform is developed by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), not NITI Aayog. Statement 2 is correct. The Chakshu tool is specifically designed to enable reporting of suspected fraud communications, including fake KYC alerts, impersonation, and phishing. Statement 3 is correct. A core feature of the platform is identity management, allowing users to view all SIMs linked to their name. Statement 4 is incorrect. The platform explicitly includes Device Authenticity Verification to check if a handset’s IMEI is genuine or blacklisted, which is crucial for the second-hand market. It is not limited only to blocking lost phones.

#### 3. Question

With reference to the ‘Sanchar Saathi’ platform, consider the following statements:

• It is a citizen-protection platform developed by the National Informatics Centre (NIC) in collaboration with NITI Aayog.

• The ‘Chakshu’ tool within the platform allows users to report suspected fraud communications such as fake KYC alerts.

• It allows users to check all mobile connections linked to their identity to detect unauthorized usage.

• The platform is limited to blocking lost devices and does not support the verification of the authenticity of second-hand handsets.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• c) Only three

• d) All four

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The platform is developed by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), not NITI Aayog.

• Statement 2 is correct. The Chakshu tool is specifically designed to enable reporting of suspected fraud communications, including fake KYC alerts, impersonation, and phishing.

• Statement 3 is correct. A core feature of the platform is identity management, allowing users to view all SIMs linked to their name.

• Statement 4 is incorrect. The platform explicitly includes Device Authenticity Verification to check if a handset’s IMEI is genuine or blacklisted, which is crucial for the second-hand market. It is not limited only to blocking lost phones.

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The platform is developed by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), not NITI Aayog.

• Statement 2 is correct. The Chakshu tool is specifically designed to enable reporting of suspected fraud communications, including fake KYC alerts, impersonation, and phishing.

• Statement 3 is correct. A core feature of the platform is identity management, allowing users to view all SIMs linked to their name.

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points With reference to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), consider the following statements: Statement-I: The BWC effectively prohibits the development and stockpiling of biological agents but lacks a formal verification regime to ensure compliance by member states. Statement-II: The Convention includes a legal mechanism for the automatic imposition of sanctions by the UN Security Council upon the detection of a violation. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: C Statement-I is correct. The BWC is the first multilateral disarmament treaty banning an entire category of Weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) (Articles I-III). However, a major and widely acknowledged limitation is the absence of a formal verification mechanism to inspect and confirm compliance. Statement-II is incorrect. The BWC relies on political enforcement rather than automatic legal sanctions. While there is a complaints mechanism (Article VI) that can be lodged with the Security Council, there is no automatic legal mechanism for sanctions written into the treaty itself, and enforcement is often subject to geopolitical dynamics (e.g., veto powers). Incorrect Solution: C Statement-I is correct. The BWC is the first multilateral disarmament treaty banning an entire category of Weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) (Articles I-III). However, a major and widely acknowledged limitation is the absence of a formal verification mechanism to inspect and confirm compliance. Statement-II is incorrect. The BWC relies on political enforcement rather than automatic legal sanctions. While there is a complaints mechanism (Article VI) that can be lodged with the Security Council, there is no automatic legal mechanism for sanctions written into the treaty itself, and enforcement is often subject to geopolitical dynamics (e.g., veto powers).

#### 4. Question

With reference to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), consider the following statements:

Statement-I: The BWC effectively prohibits the development and stockpiling of biological agents but lacks a formal verification regime to ensure compliance by member states.

Statement-II: The Convention includes a legal mechanism for the automatic imposition of sanctions by the UN Security Council upon the detection of a violation.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: C

• Statement-I is correct. The BWC is the first multilateral disarmament treaty banning an entire category of Weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) (Articles I-III). However, a major and widely acknowledged limitation is the absence of a formal verification mechanism to inspect and confirm compliance.

• Statement-II is incorrect. The BWC relies on political enforcement rather than automatic legal sanctions. While there is a complaints mechanism (Article VI) that can be lodged with the Security Council, there is no automatic legal mechanism for sanctions written into the treaty itself, and enforcement is often subject to geopolitical dynamics (e.g., veto powers).

Solution: C

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points The term “Paraná Valles,” recently seen in the news, is best described as: (a) A newly discovered underwater trench in the Southern Indian Ocean. (b) An ancient river drainage system on Mars indicating past hydrological activity. (c) A region in the Amazon rainforest known for high biodiversity and indigenous reserves. (d) A sub-glacial valley system discovered in Antarctica using satellite radar. Correct Solution: B Option (b) is correct. Paraná Valles is identified as one of Mars’ major ancient fluvial drainage systems. It consists of networks of valleys and sedimentary channels situated in the Margaritifer Terra region (Southern Hemisphere of Mars). Its discovery is significant because the branching valley networks and sediment deposits provide strong geological evidence that Mars once possessed a warmer climate capable of sustaining rainfall and surface runoff, comparable to large river basins on Earth. Incorrect Solution: B Option (b) is correct. Paraná Valles is identified as one of Mars’ major ancient fluvial drainage systems. It consists of networks of valleys and sedimentary channels situated in the Margaritifer Terra region (Southern Hemisphere of Mars). Its discovery is significant because the branching valley networks and sediment deposits provide strong geological evidence that Mars once possessed a warmer climate capable of sustaining rainfall and surface runoff, comparable to large river basins on Earth.

#### 5. Question

The term “Paraná Valles,” recently seen in the news, is best described as:

• (a) A newly discovered underwater trench in the Southern Indian Ocean.

• (b) An ancient river drainage system on Mars indicating past hydrological activity.

• (c) A region in the Amazon rainforest known for high biodiversity and indigenous reserves.

• (d) A sub-glacial valley system discovered in Antarctica using satellite radar.

Solution: B

Option (b) is correct. Paraná Valles is identified as one of Mars’ major ancient fluvial drainage systems. It consists of networks of valleys and sedimentary channels situated in the Margaritifer Terra region (Southern Hemisphere of Mars). Its discovery is significant because the branching valley networks and sediment deposits provide strong geological evidence that Mars once possessed a warmer climate capable of sustaining rainfall and surface runoff, comparable to large river basins on Earth.

Solution: B

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points With reference to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), consider the following: Statement I: The BWC prohibits the transfer of biological agents for peaceful purposes to developing countries. Statement II: Article X of the Convention encourages the exchange of equipment, materials, and scientific information for the use of biological agents for peaceful purposes. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I (c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect (d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct Correct Solution: D Statement I is incorrect. The BWC does not prohibit transfer for peaceful purposes. In fact, it explicitly promotes international cooperation. Statement II is correct. Article X is a crucial pillar of the convention that mandates the facilitation of the “fullest possible exchange” of equipment, materials, and scientific information for the use of bacteriological agents for peaceful purposes (like vaccine development and disease research). This is particularly important for the Global South/developing nations to build capacity. Incorrect Solution: D Statement I is incorrect. The BWC does not prohibit transfer for peaceful purposes. In fact, it explicitly promotes international cooperation. Statement II is correct. Article X is a crucial pillar of the convention that mandates the facilitation of the “fullest possible exchange” of equipment, materials, and scientific information for the use of bacteriological agents for peaceful purposes (like vaccine development and disease research). This is particularly important for the Global South/developing nations to build capacity.

#### 6. Question

With reference to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), consider the following:

Statement I: The BWC prohibits the transfer of biological agents for peaceful purposes to developing countries.

Statement II: Article X of the Convention encourages the exchange of equipment, materials, and scientific information for the use of biological agents for peaceful purposes.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I

• (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I

• (c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

• (d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Solution: D

• Statement I is incorrect. The BWC does not prohibit transfer for peaceful purposes. In fact, it explicitly promotes international cooperation.

• Statement II is correct. Article X is a crucial pillar of the convention that mandates the facilitation of the “fullest possible exchange” of equipment, materials, and scientific information for the use of bacteriological agents for peaceful purposes (like vaccine development and disease research). This is particularly important for the Global South/developing nations to build capacity.

Solution: D

• Statement I is incorrect. The BWC does not prohibit transfer for peaceful purposes. In fact, it explicitly promotes international cooperation.

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points In the context of the Sirpur Archaeological Site, the “Teevardev Vihara” is significant for which one of the following reasons? (a) It is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu containing Dashavatara panels. (b) It is a Jain monument reflecting the ascetic traditions of the Digambara sect. (c) It is a Buddhist monastery that displays a rare blending of Buddhist and Hindu iconography. (d) It is a military fortification used by the Somavamshi kings to defend the capital. Correct Solution: C The Teevardev Buddha Vihara (8th century) is a large monastery with a monolithic Avalokiteshvara statue. This structure “Shows rare blending of Buddhist and Hindu iconography.” This syncretism is a key feature of Sirpur’s architectural legacy. Options (a) and (b) are incorrect as Teevardev is explicitly identified as a Buddha Vihara (monastery), not a Hindu or Jain temple (though Sirpur has those too). Option (d) is incorrect; it is a religious/monastic site, not a military fort. Incorrect Solution: C The Teevardev Buddha Vihara (8th century) is a large monastery with a monolithic Avalokiteshvara statue. This structure “Shows rare blending of Buddhist and Hindu iconography.” This syncretism is a key feature of Sirpur’s architectural legacy. Options (a) and (b) are incorrect as Teevardev is explicitly identified as a Buddha Vihara (monastery), not a Hindu or Jain temple (though Sirpur has those too). Option (d) is incorrect; it is a religious/monastic site, not a military fort.

#### 7. Question

In the context of the Sirpur Archaeological Site, the “Teevardev Vihara” is significant for which one of the following reasons?

• (a) It is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu containing Dashavatara panels.

• (b) It is a Jain monument reflecting the ascetic traditions of the Digambara sect.

• (c) It is a Buddhist monastery that displays a rare blending of Buddhist and Hindu iconography.

• (d) It is a military fortification used by the Somavamshi kings to defend the capital.

Solution: C

The Teevardev Buddha Vihara (8th century) is a large monastery with a monolithic Avalokiteshvara statue. This structure “Shows rare blending of Buddhist and Hindu iconography.” This syncretism is a key feature of Sirpur’s architectural legacy.

Options (a) and (b) are incorrect as Teevardev is explicitly identified as a Buddha Vihara (monastery), not a Hindu or Jain temple (though Sirpur has those too). Option (d) is incorrect; it is a religious/monastic site, not a military fort.

Solution: C

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Mount Semeru, recently in the news due to a violent eruption, is located in which of the following geological settings? (a) On the island of Sumatra, along the Great Sumatran Fault. (b) In Eastern Java, within the subduction zone of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates. (c) On the island of Sulawesi, characterized by complex strike-slip faulting. (d) In the Sunda Strait, forming part of the Anak Krakatau volcanic complex. Correct Solution: B Mount Semeru is the tallest volcano on Java Island, specifically located in Eastern Java. It sits at the southern end of the Tengger Volcanic Complex. Geologically, it is situated in a major subduction zone where the Indo-Australian Plate sinks beneath the Eurasian Plate. This subduction process creates the magma that fuels the stratovolcano. It is distinct from Sumatra or the Sunda Strait (Krakatau) locations. Incorrect Solution: B Mount Semeru is the tallest volcano on Java Island, specifically located in Eastern Java. It sits at the southern end of the Tengger Volcanic Complex. Geologically, it is situated in a major subduction zone where the Indo-Australian Plate sinks beneath the Eurasian Plate. This subduction process creates the magma that fuels the stratovolcano. It is distinct from Sumatra or the Sunda Strait (Krakatau) locations.

#### 8. Question

Mount Semeru, recently in the news due to a violent eruption, is located in which of the following geological settings?

• (a) On the island of Sumatra, along the Great Sumatran Fault.

• (b) In Eastern Java, within the subduction zone of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates.

• (c) On the island of Sulawesi, characterized by complex strike-slip faulting.

• (d) In the Sunda Strait, forming part of the Anak Krakatau volcanic complex.

Solution: B

Mount Semeru is the tallest volcano on Java Island, specifically located in Eastern Java. It sits at the southern end of the Tengger Volcanic Complex. Geologically, it is situated in a major subduction zone where the Indo-Australian Plate sinks beneath the Eurasian Plate. This subduction process creates the magma that fuels the stratovolcano. It is distinct from Sumatra or the Sunda Strait (Krakatau) locations.

Solution: B

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the G20: The G20 was upgraded to a Leaders’ Summit level in 2008–09 to coordinate responses to the global financial crisis. The membership of the G20 is strictly limited to 19 individual countries and the European Union. Which of the above statements are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: A Statement 1 is correct. While formed in 1999 for Finance Ministers, the G20 was upgraded to the Leaders’ Summit level in 2008–09 specifically to coordinate a global response to the financial crisis. Statement 2 is incorrect. The membership now includes the African Union (AU) in addition to the 19 countries and the European Union. The inclusion of the AU was a significant recent development. Incorrect Solution: A Statement 1 is correct. While formed in 1999 for Finance Ministers, the G20 was upgraded to the Leaders’ Summit level in 2008–09 specifically to coordinate a global response to the financial crisis. Statement 2 is incorrect. The membership now includes the African Union (AU) in addition to the 19 countries and the European Union. The inclusion of the AU was a significant recent development.

#### 9. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the G20:

• The G20 was upgraded to a Leaders’ Summit level in 2008–09 to coordinate responses to the global financial crisis.

• The membership of the G20 is strictly limited to 19 individual countries and the European Union.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: A

• Statement 1 is correct. While formed in 1999 for Finance Ministers, the G20 was upgraded to the Leaders’ Summit level in 2008–09 specifically to coordinate a global response to the financial crisis.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. The membership now includes the African Union (AU) in addition to the 19 countries and the European Union. The inclusion of the AU was a significant recent development.

Solution: A

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS): It is a Central Sector Scheme fully funded by the Union Government. It aims to reduce child mortality, morbidity, malnutrition, and school dropouts. The services are delivered through Anganwadi Centres staffed by Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) and Helpers. The scheme covers multiple core services including supplementary nutrition and pre-school education. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: C Statement 1 is incorrect. ICDS is a “centrally sponsored scheme”. In Centrally Sponsored Schemes, the funding is shared between the Centre and the States, unlike Central Sector Schemes which are fully funded by the Centre. Statement 2 is correct. The aim is explicitly stated to improve health/nutritional status and reduce child mortality, morbidity, malnutrition, and school dropouts. Statement 3 is correct. The delivery mechanism is the vast network of Anganwadi Centres (approx 14 lakh) staffed by local workers and helpers. Statement 4 is correct. The scheme provides a package of six core services: Supplementary nutrition, pre-school education, health check-ups, immunization, referral services, and nutrition-health education. Incorrect Solution: C Statement 1 is incorrect. ICDS is a “centrally sponsored scheme”. In Centrally Sponsored Schemes, the funding is shared between the Centre and the States, unlike Central Sector Schemes which are fully funded by the Centre. Statement 2 is correct. The aim is explicitly stated to improve health/nutritional status and reduce child mortality, morbidity, malnutrition, and school dropouts. Statement 3 is correct. The delivery mechanism is the vast network of Anganwadi Centres (approx 14 lakh) staffed by local workers and helpers. Statement 4 is correct. The scheme provides a package of six core services: Supplementary nutrition, pre-school education, health check-ups, immunization, referral services, and nutrition-health education.

#### 10. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS):

• It is a Central Sector Scheme fully funded by the Union Government.

• It aims to reduce child mortality, morbidity, malnutrition, and school dropouts.

• The services are delivered through Anganwadi Centres staffed by Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) and Helpers.

• The scheme covers multiple core services including supplementary nutrition and pre-school education.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: C

• Statement 1 is incorrect. ICDS is a “centrally sponsored scheme”. In Centrally Sponsored Schemes, the funding is shared between the Centre and the States, unlike Central Sector Schemes which are fully funded by the Centre.

• Statement 2 is correct. The aim is explicitly stated to improve health/nutritional status and reduce child mortality, morbidity, malnutrition, and school dropouts.

• Statement 3 is correct. The delivery mechanism is the vast network of Anganwadi Centres (approx 14 lakh) staffed by local workers and helpers.

• Statement 4 is correct. The scheme provides a package of six core services: Supplementary nutrition, pre-school education, health check-ups, immunization, referral services, and nutrition-health education.

Solution: C

• Statement 2 is correct. The aim is explicitly stated to improve health/nutritional status and reduce child mortality, morbidity, malnutrition, and school dropouts.

• Statement 3 is correct. The delivery mechanism is the vast network of Anganwadi Centres (approx 14 lakh) staffed by local workers and helpers.

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