UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 28 February 2025

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Strait of Hormuz: The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman. A significant portion of the world’s oil supply passes through the Strait of Hormuz. The strait lies between the southern tip of Saudi Arabia and the Horn of Africa. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statements 1 and 2 are correct. The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman, and it is one of the most critical chokepoints for global oil shipments, with a large volume of oil passing through it daily. Statement 3 is incorrect because the strait is located between the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, UAE) and Iran, not the Horn of Africa. Incorrect Solution: b) Statements 1 and 2 are correct. The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman, and it is one of the most critical chokepoints for global oil shipments, with a large volume of oil passing through it daily. Statement 3 is incorrect because the strait is located between the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, UAE) and Iran, not the Horn of Africa.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about the Strait of Hormuz:

• The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman.

• A significant portion of the world’s oil supply passes through the Strait of Hormuz.

• The strait lies between the southern tip of Saudi Arabia and the Horn of Africa.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statements 1 and 2 are correct. The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman, and it is one of the most critical chokepoints for global oil shipments, with a large volume of oil passing through it daily.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the strait is located between the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, UAE) and Iran, not the Horn of Africa.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect because the strait is located between the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, UAE) and Iran, not the Horn of Africa.

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding rare diseases in India: Over 75% of rare disease cases in India are found in children. A majority of patients with rare diseases in India survive into adulthood. The National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 provides financial assistance for rare disease treatments. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 2 is incorrect. Statement 1 is correct: over 75% of rare disease cases in India affect children. Statement 2 is incorrect because most patients with rare diseases do not survive into adulthood due to a lack of treatment. Statement 3 is correct: the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 provides financial assistance for treating rare diseases. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 2 is incorrect. Statement 1 is correct: over 75% of rare disease cases in India affect children. Statement 2 is incorrect because most patients with rare diseases do not survive into adulthood due to a lack of treatment. Statement 3 is correct: the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 provides financial assistance for treating rare diseases.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding rare diseases in India:

• Over 75% of rare disease cases in India are found in children.

• A majority of patients with rare diseases in India survive into adulthood.

• The National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 provides financial assistance for rare disease treatments.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Statement 1 is correct: over 75% of rare disease cases in India affect children.

Statement 2 is incorrect because most patients with rare diseases do not survive into adulthood due to a lack of treatment.

Statement 3 is correct: the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 provides financial assistance for treating rare diseases.

Solution: a)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Statement 1 is correct: over 75% of rare disease cases in India affect children.

Statement 2 is incorrect because most patients with rare diseases do not survive into adulthood due to a lack of treatment.

Statement 3 is correct: the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 provides financial assistance for treating rare diseases.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Fluorescent Nanodiamonds (FNDs) in strategic industries: FNDs are used in high-resolution imaging due to their ability to withstand harsh environments. Their sensitivity to electric fields makes FNDs valuable for detecting electromagnetic signals. FNDs are being explored as a replacement for traditional energy sources in renewable energy technologies. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as FNDs are used in high-resolution imaging due to their ability to maintain stability under light and in harsh conditions. Statement 2 is also correct, as FNDs are sensitive to electric fields, making them useful in sensor applications. Statement 3 is incorrect because FNDs are not being explored as a replacement for traditional energy sources in renewable energy technologies. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as FNDs are used in high-resolution imaging due to their ability to maintain stability under light and in harsh conditions. Statement 2 is also correct, as FNDs are sensitive to electric fields, making them useful in sensor applications. Statement 3 is incorrect because FNDs are not being explored as a replacement for traditional energy sources in renewable energy technologies.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Fluorescent Nanodiamonds (FNDs) in strategic industries:

• FNDs are used in high-resolution imaging due to their ability to withstand harsh environments.

• Their sensitivity to electric fields makes FNDs valuable for detecting electromagnetic signals.

• FNDs are being explored as a replacement for traditional energy sources in renewable energy technologies.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as FNDs are used in high-resolution imaging due to their ability to maintain stability under light and in harsh conditions.

Statement 2 is also correct, as FNDs are sensitive to electric fields, making them useful in sensor applications.

Statement 3 is incorrect because FNDs are not being explored as a replacement for traditional energy sources in renewable energy technologies.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as FNDs are used in high-resolution imaging due to their ability to maintain stability under light and in harsh conditions.

Statement 2 is also correct, as FNDs are sensitive to electric fields, making them useful in sensor applications.

Statement 3 is incorrect because FNDs are not being explored as a replacement for traditional energy sources in renewable energy technologies.

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about superconductors and their applications: Superconductors are primarily used in MRI machines due to their ability to carry large currents without resistance. Superconductors are widely used in electrical grids for efficient energy transmission without losses. High-temperature superconductors require temperatures below -100°C to function optimally. Superconductors can be used in magnetic levitation trains (maglev) for frictionless transportation. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 3, and 4 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Correct Solution: b) Superconductors are used in MRI machines due to their ability to carry large amounts of current without energy loss (statement 1). High-temperature superconductors do require temperatures below -100°C to function (statement 3). Magnetic levitation trains (maglev) use superconductors to achieve frictionless, high-speed transportation (statement 4). However, superconductors are not yet widely used in electrical grids due to the difficulty of maintaining the required temperatures and costs (statement 2 is incorrect). Incorrect Solution: b) Superconductors are used in MRI machines due to their ability to carry large amounts of current without energy loss (statement 1). High-temperature superconductors do require temperatures below -100°C to function (statement 3). Magnetic levitation trains (maglev) use superconductors to achieve frictionless, high-speed transportation (statement 4). However, superconductors are not yet widely used in electrical grids due to the difficulty of maintaining the required temperatures and costs (statement 2 is incorrect).

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about superconductors and their applications:

• Superconductors are primarily used in MRI machines due to their ability to carry large currents without resistance.

• Superconductors are widely used in electrical grids for efficient energy transmission without losses.

• High-temperature superconductors require temperatures below -100°C to function optimally.

• Superconductors can be used in magnetic levitation trains (maglev) for frictionless transportation.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 1, 3, and 4 only

• (c) 1, 2 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Solution: b)

Superconductors are used in MRI machines due to their ability to carry large amounts of current without energy loss (statement 1).

High-temperature superconductors do require temperatures below -100°C to function (statement 3).

Magnetic levitation trains (maglev) use superconductors to achieve frictionless, high-speed transportation (statement 4).

However, superconductors are not yet widely used in electrical grids due to the difficulty of maintaining the required temperatures and costs (statement 2 is incorrect).

Solution: b)

Superconductors are used in MRI machines due to their ability to carry large amounts of current without energy loss (statement 1).

High-temperature superconductors do require temperatures below -100°C to function (statement 3).

Magnetic levitation trains (maglev) use superconductors to achieve frictionless, high-speed transportation (statement 4).

However, superconductors are not yet widely used in electrical grids due to the difficulty of maintaining the required temperatures and costs (statement 2 is incorrect).

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Which of the following is NOT a method used for age estimation in forensic science? a) Radiographic techniques b) Epigenetic clock technique c) Ossification test d) Blood type analysis Correct Solution: d) In forensic science, age estimation is crucial in identifying individuals and is typically done using methods such as ossification tests, which analyze bone development, and radiographic techniques like X-rays to assess bone maturity. The epigenetic clock technique is a newer method that estimates biological age by analyzing DNA methylation patterns. However, blood type analysis is not used to estimate age, as it provides information only about a person’s blood group, not their age. Incorrect Solution: d) In forensic science, age estimation is crucial in identifying individuals and is typically done using methods such as ossification tests, which analyze bone development, and radiographic techniques like X-rays to assess bone maturity. The epigenetic clock technique is a newer method that estimates biological age by analyzing DNA methylation patterns. However, blood type analysis is not used to estimate age, as it provides information only about a person’s blood group, not their age.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following is NOT a method used for age estimation in forensic science?

• a) Radiographic techniques

• b) Epigenetic clock technique

• c) Ossification test

• d) Blood type analysis

Solution: d)

In forensic science, age estimation is crucial in identifying individuals and is typically done using methods such as ossification tests, which analyze bone development, and radiographic techniques like X-rays to assess bone maturity. The epigenetic clock technique is a newer method that estimates biological age by analyzing DNA methylation patterns. However, blood type analysis is not used to estimate age, as it provides information only about a person’s blood group, not their age.

Solution: d)

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the role of the President of India in appointing the Chief Justice of India (CJI): The President can appoint the Chief Justice of India on the advice of the Prime Minister. The President can reject the recommendation of the outgoing CJI for any reason. The President appoints the CJI based on the Memorandum of Procedure, which is a guideline document. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 3 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because the Prime Minister does not play a role in the appointment of the CJI. The appointment is made based on the recommendation of the outgoing CJI, as specified in the Memorandum of Procedure. Statement 2 is incorrect because the President typically follows the recommendation of the outgoing CJI, and rejecting it would be against established conventions unless there are compelling reasons, which have rarely occurred. Statement 3 is correct because the Memorandum of Procedure (MoP) serves as the guideline document for the appointment of the CJI, ensuring a systematic and transparent process. The MoP outlines the steps, including the recommendation by the outgoing CJI, which the President adheres to when making the appointment. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because the Prime Minister does not play a role in the appointment of the CJI. The appointment is made based on the recommendation of the outgoing CJI, as specified in the Memorandum of Procedure. Statement 2 is incorrect because the President typically follows the recommendation of the outgoing CJI, and rejecting it would be against established conventions unless there are compelling reasons, which have rarely occurred. Statement 3 is correct because the Memorandum of Procedure (MoP) serves as the guideline document for the appointment of the CJI, ensuring a systematic and transparent process. The MoP outlines the steps, including the recommendation by the outgoing CJI, which the President adheres to when making the appointment.

#### 6. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the role of the President of India in appointing the Chief Justice of India (CJI):

• The President can appoint the Chief Justice of India on the advice of the Prime Minister.

• The President can reject the recommendation of the outgoing CJI for any reason.

• The President appoints the CJI based on the Memorandum of Procedure, which is a guideline document.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the Prime Minister does not play a role in the appointment of the CJI. The appointment is made based on the recommendation of the outgoing CJI, as specified in the Memorandum of Procedure.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the President typically follows the recommendation of the outgoing CJI, and rejecting it would be against established conventions unless there are compelling reasons, which have rarely occurred.

Statement 3 is correct because the Memorandum of Procedure (MoP) serves as the guideline document for the appointment of the CJI, ensuring a systematic and transparent process. The MoP outlines the steps, including the recommendation by the outgoing CJI, which the President adheres to when making the appointment.

Solution: a)

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Mekong River: The Mekong River is the longest river in Asia. The Mekong River originates from the Tibetan Plateau and flows into the Bay of Bengal. The entire length of the Mekong River is navigable year-round for large vessels. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) Statement 1 is incorrect because the Mekong is Asia’s third-longest river, not the longest (the Yangtze River is the longest in Asia). Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mekong River flows into the South China Sea, not the Bay of Bengal. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Mekong River is not navigable year-round for large vessels due to its natural barriers and seasonal changes. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement 1 is incorrect because the Mekong is Asia’s third-longest river, not the longest (the Yangtze River is the longest in Asia). Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mekong River flows into the South China Sea, not the Bay of Bengal. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Mekong River is not navigable year-round for large vessels due to its natural barriers and seasonal changes.

#### 7. Question

Consider the following statements about the Mekong River:

• The Mekong River is the longest river in Asia.

• The Mekong River originates from the Tibetan Plateau and flows into the Bay of Bengal.

• The entire length of the Mekong River is navigable year-round for large vessels.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the Mekong is Asia’s third-longest river, not the longest (the Yangtze River is the longest in Asia).

Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mekong River flows into the South China Sea, not the Bay of Bengal.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the Mekong River is not navigable year-round for large vessels due to its natural barriers and seasonal changes.

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the Mekong is Asia’s third-longest river, not the longest (the Yangtze River is the longest in Asia).

Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mekong River flows into the South China Sea, not the Bay of Bengal.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the Mekong River is not navigable year-round for large vessels due to its natural barriers and seasonal changes.

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Citizenship Act, 1955 and Section 6A of the Act: The Citizenship Act, 1955 bars illegal immigrants from obtaining citizenship in India. Section 6A was inserted to address the specific demographic challenges in Assam post-1971 due to illegal migration. Citizenship in India is governed under Part II of the Indian Constitution, and matters of citizenship fall under the Union List. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: d) Statement 1 is correct because the Citizenship Act, 1955 explicitly bars illegal immigrants—those entering without valid documents or overstaying beyond the permitted period—from obtaining citizenship. Statement 2 is correct, as Section 6A was introduced after the Assam Accord in 1985 to manage the issue of large-scale illegal migration into Assam post the Bangladesh Liberation War. Statement 3 is correct because citizenship is dealt with under Part II of the Constitution, and related matters fall under the Union List, which is managed by the central government. Incorrect Solution: d) Statement 1 is correct because the Citizenship Act, 1955 explicitly bars illegal immigrants—those entering without valid documents or overstaying beyond the permitted period—from obtaining citizenship. Statement 2 is correct, as Section 6A was introduced after the Assam Accord in 1985 to manage the issue of large-scale illegal migration into Assam post the Bangladesh Liberation War. Statement 3 is correct because citizenship is dealt with under Part II of the Constitution, and related matters fall under the Union List, which is managed by the central government.

#### 8. Question

Consider the following statements about the Citizenship Act, 1955 and Section 6A of the Act:

• The Citizenship Act, 1955 bars illegal immigrants from obtaining citizenship in India.

• Section 6A was inserted to address the specific demographic challenges in Assam post-1971 due to illegal migration.

• Citizenship in India is governed under Part II of the Indian Constitution, and matters of citizenship fall under the Union List.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: d)

Statement 1 is correct because the Citizenship Act, 1955 explicitly bars illegal immigrants—those entering without valid documents or overstaying beyond the permitted period—from obtaining citizenship.

Statement 2 is correct, as Section 6A was introduced after the Assam Accord in 1985 to manage the issue of large-scale illegal migration into Assam post the Bangladesh Liberation War.

Statement 3 is correct because citizenship is dealt with under Part II of the Constitution, and related matters fall under the Union List, which is managed by the central government.

Solution: d)

Statement 2 is correct, as Section 6A was introduced after the Assam Accord in 1985 to manage the issue of large-scale illegal migration into Assam post the Bangladesh Liberation War.

Statement 3 is correct because citizenship is dealt with under Part II of the Constitution, and related matters fall under the Union List, which is managed by the central government.

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the international legal framework for Geographical Indications (GIs): The Paris Convention was the first international agreement to recognize Geographical Indications. GIs are protected under the TRIPS Agreement of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The Madrid Agreement is exclusively focused on the protection of GIs. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct because the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883) was among the first international agreements to recognize the importance of Geographical Indications (GIs). Statement 2 is also correct, as GIs are protected under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), a part of the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Madrid Agreement is focused on international trademark registration, not solely on GIs. The Lisbon Agreement, on the other hand, deals with the protection of appellations of origin, a type of GI. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct because the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883) was among the first international agreements to recognize the importance of Geographical Indications (GIs). Statement 2 is also correct, as GIs are protected under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), a part of the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Madrid Agreement is focused on international trademark registration, not solely on GIs. The Lisbon Agreement, on the other hand, deals with the protection of appellations of origin, a type of GI.

#### 9. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the international legal framework for Geographical Indications (GIs):

• The Paris Convention was the first international agreement to recognize Geographical Indications.

• GIs are protected under the TRIPS Agreement of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

• The Madrid Agreement is exclusively focused on the protection of GIs.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• b) 1 and 2 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct because the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883) was among the first international agreements to recognize the importance of Geographical Indications (GIs).

Statement 2 is also correct, as GIs are protected under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), a part of the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the Madrid Agreement is focused on international trademark registration, not solely on GIs. The Lisbon Agreement, on the other hand, deals with the protection of appellations of origin, a type of GI.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is also correct, as GIs are protected under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), a part of the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework.

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Which of the following statements about Association for Democratic Reforms (ADR) is incorrect? a) ADR advocates for transparency in inner-party democracy and political party functioning. b) ADR has led campaigns to ensure political parties disclose their sources of funding. c) ADR is a partisan organization that aligns itself with specific political parties. d) ADR promotes the empowerment of voters by providing them with information on political candidates' backgrounds. Correct Solution: c) ADR is a non-partisan organization, meaning it does not align with or support any political party. Its mission is to bring transparency and accountability to political processes, irrespective of party affiliations. The organization is dedicated to empowering voters by providing detailed information about candidates’ backgrounds and advocating for reforms in the political and electoral systems. Incorrect Solution: c) ADR is a non-partisan organization, meaning it does not align with or support any political party. Its mission is to bring transparency and accountability to political processes, irrespective of party affiliations. The organization is dedicated to empowering voters by providing detailed information about candidates’ backgrounds and advocating for reforms in the political and electoral systems.

#### 10. Question

Which of the following statements about Association for Democratic Reforms (ADR) is incorrect?

• a) ADR advocates for transparency in inner-party democracy and political party functioning.

• b) ADR has led campaigns to ensure political parties disclose their sources of funding.

• c) ADR is a partisan organization that aligns itself with specific political parties.

• d) ADR promotes the empowerment of voters by providing them with information on political candidates' backgrounds.

Solution: c)

ADR is a non-partisan organization, meaning it does not align with or support any political party. Its mission is to bring transparency and accountability to political processes, irrespective of party affiliations. The organization is dedicated to empowering voters by providing detailed information about candidates’ backgrounds and advocating for reforms in the political and electoral systems.

Solution: c)

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