UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 28 December 2024

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points What was unique about the Belagavi Congress Session of 1924? a) It was the first Congress session to focus solely on political goals. b) It was chaired by Subhas Chandra Bose. c) It was the only session presided over by Mahatma Gandhi. d) It introduced the resolution for Purna Swaraj. Correct Solution: c) The Belagavi Congress Session of 1924 stands out as the only session presided over by Mahatma Gandhi in his political career. Unlike other sessions, this event emphasized the eradication of untouchability, promotion of khadi, sanitation drives, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside the pursuit of Swaraj. Held in Belagavi (then Belgaum), the session also reflected Gandhi’s commitment to grassroots empowerment, demonstrated by restructuring Congress to make it more inclusive. He significantly reduced the membership fee, making the organization accessible to marginalized sections of society. Incorrect Solution: c) The Belagavi Congress Session of 1924 stands out as the only session presided over by Mahatma Gandhi in his political career. Unlike other sessions, this event emphasized the eradication of untouchability, promotion of khadi, sanitation drives, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside the pursuit of Swaraj. Held in Belagavi (then Belgaum), the session also reflected Gandhi’s commitment to grassroots empowerment, demonstrated by restructuring Congress to make it more inclusive. He significantly reduced the membership fee, making the organization accessible to marginalized sections of society.

#### 1. Question

What was unique about the Belagavi Congress Session of 1924?

• a) It was the first Congress session to focus solely on political goals.

• b) It was chaired by Subhas Chandra Bose.

• c) It was the only session presided over by Mahatma Gandhi.

• d) It introduced the resolution for Purna Swaraj.

Solution: c)

The Belagavi Congress Session of 1924 stands out as the only session presided over by Mahatma Gandhi in his political career. Unlike other sessions, this event emphasized the eradication of untouchability, promotion of khadi, sanitation drives, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside the pursuit of Swaraj.

Held in Belagavi (then Belgaum), the session also reflected Gandhi’s commitment to grassroots empowerment, demonstrated by restructuring Congress to make it more inclusive. He significantly reduced the membership fee, making the organization accessible to marginalized sections of society.

Solution: c)

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Matsya Seva Kendras. Statement-I: Matsya Seva Kendras were established to provide extension services to fish farmers. Statement-II: They are equipped with laboratories for water, soil, and microbial analysis. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: a) Both statements are correct, and Statement-II explains Statement-I. Matsya Seva Kendras are designed to offer one-stop solutions, including analytical services like water, soil, and microbial testing, to fish farmers. About Matsya Seva Kendras: What it is:One-stop solution centres providing extension services to fish farmers and hatcheries. Launched in:Under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) in 2020. Aim:To provide comprehensive support in aquaculture, disease management, and training. Features: Equipped with labs for water, soil, and microbial analysis. Offers need-based services like disease testing, capacity building, and technology infusion. Mobilizes cooperatives, SHGs, and start-ups to share best practices. Incorrect Solution: a) Both statements are correct, and Statement-II explains Statement-I. Matsya Seva Kendras are designed to offer one-stop solutions, including analytical services like water, soil, and microbial testing, to fish farmers. About Matsya Seva Kendras: What it is:One-stop solution centres providing extension services to fish farmers and hatcheries. Launched in:Under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) in 2020. Aim:To provide comprehensive support in aquaculture, disease management, and training. Features: Equipped with labs for water, soil, and microbial analysis. Offers need-based services like disease testing, capacity building, and technology infusion. Mobilizes cooperatives, SHGs, and start-ups to share best practices.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Matsya Seva Kendras.

Statement-I: Matsya Seva Kendras were established to provide extension services to fish farmers. Statement-II: They are equipped with laboratories for water, soil, and microbial analysis.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: a)

Both statements are correct, and Statement-II explains Statement-I. Matsya Seva Kendras are designed to offer one-stop solutions, including analytical services like water, soil, and microbial testing, to fish farmers.

About Matsya Seva Kendras:

• What it is:One-stop solution centres providing extension services to fish farmers and hatcheries.

• Launched in:Under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) in 2020.

• Aim:To provide comprehensive support in aquaculture, disease management, and training.

• Equipped with labs for water, soil, and microbial analysis.

• Offers need-based services like disease testing, capacity building, and technology infusion.

• Mobilizes cooperatives, SHGs, and start-ups to share best practices.

Solution: a)

About Matsya Seva Kendras:

• What it is:One-stop solution centres providing extension services to fish farmers and hatcheries.

• Launched in:Under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) in 2020.

• Aim:To provide comprehensive support in aquaculture, disease management, and training.

• Equipped with labs for water, soil, and microbial analysis.

• Offers need-based services like disease testing, capacity building, and technology infusion.

• Mobilizes cooperatives, SHGs, and start-ups to share best practices.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points What is the primary objective of contractionary monetary policy? a) To boost aggregate demand and economic growth b) To control inflation and reduce economic overheating c) To increase credit availability in the economy d) To enhance employment opportunities Correct Solution: b) Contractionary monetary policy aims to control inflation and reduce overheating by curbing excessive demand through measures like higher interest rates and reduced money supply. Impact of Monetary Policy on Growth and Demand: Type Tools Impact on Growth Impact on Demand Expansionary Monetary Policy – Lower interest rates – Encourages borrowing and investment – Increases consumer spending – Reduce CRR – Stimulates economic activity – Boosts aggregate demand – Quantitative Easing (QE) Contractionary Monetary Policy – Higher interest rates – Reduces overheating in the economy – Decreases consumer and business spending – Increase CRR – Slows down GDP growth – Controls inflation by reducing aggregate demand – Open Market Sales Incorrect Solution: b) Contractionary monetary policy aims to control inflation and reduce overheating by curbing excessive demand through measures like higher interest rates and reduced money supply. Impact of Monetary Policy on Growth and Demand: Type Tools Impact on Growth Impact on Demand Expansionary Monetary Policy – Lower interest rates – Encourages borrowing and investment – Increases consumer spending – Reduce CRR – Stimulates economic activity – Boosts aggregate demand – Quantitative Easing (QE) Contractionary Monetary Policy – Higher interest rates – Reduces overheating in the economy – Decreases consumer and business spending – Increase CRR – Slows down GDP growth – Controls inflation by reducing aggregate demand – Open Market Sales

#### 3. Question

What is the primary objective of contractionary monetary policy?

• a) To boost aggregate demand and economic growth

• b) To control inflation and reduce economic overheating

• c) To increase credit availability in the economy

• d) To enhance employment opportunities

Solution: b)

Contractionary monetary policy aims to control inflation and reduce overheating by curbing excessive demand through measures like higher interest rates and reduced money supply.

Impact of Monetary Policy on Growth and Demand:

Type | Tools | Impact on Growth | Impact on Demand

Expansionary Monetary Policy | – Lower interest rates | – Encourages borrowing and investment | – Increases consumer spending

– Reduce CRR | – Stimulates economic activity | – Boosts aggregate demand

– Quantitative Easing (QE) | |

Contractionary Monetary Policy | – Higher interest rates | – Reduces overheating in the economy | – Decreases consumer and business spending

– Increase CRR | – Slows down GDP growth | – Controls inflation by reducing aggregate demand

– Open Market Sales | |

Solution: b)

Contractionary monetary policy aims to control inflation and reduce overheating by curbing excessive demand through measures like higher interest rates and reduced money supply.

Impact of Monetary Policy on Growth and Demand:

Type | Tools | Impact on Growth | Impact on Demand

Expansionary Monetary Policy | – Lower interest rates | – Encourages borrowing and investment | – Increases consumer spending

– Reduce CRR | – Stimulates economic activity | – Boosts aggregate demand

– Quantitative Easing (QE) | |

Contractionary Monetary Policy | – Higher interest rates | – Reduces overheating in the economy | – Decreases consumer and business spending

– Increase CRR | – Slows down GDP growth | – Controls inflation by reducing aggregate demand

– Open Market Sales | |

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Sagar Mitra Initiative. Statement-I: Sagar Mitras were introduced to support coastal fishers by bridging the gap between government services and their implementation. Statement-II: They primarily focus on financial assistance and biodiversity conservation. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: c) Statement-I is correct as Sagar Mitras act as a vital link between the government and coastal fishers. Statement-II is incorrect because their focus is not on direct financial assistance or biodiversity conservation but on data dissemination, sustainable fishing, and market insights. About Sagar Mitra: What it is:A field-level interface between government and coastal fishers. Launched in:Coastal States and UTs under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY). Aim:To support fishers with data dissemination, market insights, and sustainable fishing practices. Features: Collects data on marine catch, market trends, and prices. Provides updates on local regulations, weather forecasts, and potential fishing zones. Facilitates hygienic fish handling and safety information. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement-I is correct as Sagar Mitras act as a vital link between the government and coastal fishers. Statement-II is incorrect because their focus is not on direct financial assistance or biodiversity conservation but on data dissemination, sustainable fishing, and market insights. About Sagar Mitra: What it is:A field-level interface between government and coastal fishers. Launched in:Coastal States and UTs under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY). Aim:To support fishers with data dissemination, market insights, and sustainable fishing practices. Features: Collects data on marine catch, market trends, and prices. Provides updates on local regulations, weather forecasts, and potential fishing zones. Facilitates hygienic fish handling and safety information.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Sagar Mitra Initiative.

Statement-I: Sagar Mitras were introduced to support coastal fishers by bridging the gap between government services and their implementation. Statement-II: They primarily focus on financial assistance and biodiversity conservation.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: c)

Statement-I is correct as Sagar Mitras act as a vital link between the government and coastal fishers. Statement-II is incorrect because their focus is not on direct financial assistance or biodiversity conservation but on data dissemination, sustainable fishing, and market insights.

About Sagar Mitra:

• What it is:A field-level interface between government and coastal fishers.

• Launched in:Coastal States and UTs under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY).

• Aim:To support fishers with data dissemination, market insights, and sustainable fishing practices.

• Collects data on marine catch, market trends, and prices.

• Provides updates on local regulations, weather forecasts, and potential fishing zones.

• Facilitates hygienic fish handling and safety information.

Solution: c)

About Sagar Mitra:

• What it is:A field-level interface between government and coastal fishers.

• Launched in:Coastal States and UTs under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY).

• Aim:To support fishers with data dissemination, market insights, and sustainable fishing practices.

• Collects data on marine catch, market trends, and prices.

• Provides updates on local regulations, weather forecasts, and potential fishing zones.

• Facilitates hygienic fish handling and safety information.

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Which of the following is an example of an expansionary fiscal policy measure? a) Increasing income tax rates b) Reducing government spending on infrastructure c) Introducing subsidies for renewable energy d) Increasing interest rates Correct Solution: c) Subsidies for renewable energy represent an example of expansionary fiscal policy because they aim to boost economic activity by increasing sectoral demand. Expansionary fiscal policies are designed to stimulate economic growth, especially during periods of slow economic activity or recession. By reducing the cost of renewable energy projects through subsidies, the government encourages investment in this sector, leading to job creation, increased production, and a multiplier effect across the economy. In contrast, other options like increasing income tax rates or reducing government spending on infrastructure are contractionary measures as they lower disposable income and decrease public expenditure, thereby dampening demand. Increasing interest rates is a tool of monetary policy, not fiscal policy, and it is used to control inflation rather than stimulate demand. Incorrect Solution: c) Subsidies for renewable energy represent an example of expansionary fiscal policy because they aim to boost economic activity by increasing sectoral demand. Expansionary fiscal policies are designed to stimulate economic growth, especially during periods of slow economic activity or recession. By reducing the cost of renewable energy projects through subsidies, the government encourages investment in this sector, leading to job creation, increased production, and a multiplier effect across the economy. In contrast, other options like increasing income tax rates or reducing government spending on infrastructure are contractionary measures as they lower disposable income and decrease public expenditure, thereby dampening demand. Increasing interest rates is a tool of monetary policy, not fiscal policy, and it is used to control inflation rather than stimulate demand.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following is an example of an expansionary fiscal policy measure?

• a) Increasing income tax rates

• b) Reducing government spending on infrastructure

• c) Introducing subsidies for renewable energy

• d) Increasing interest rates

Solution: c)

Subsidies for renewable energy represent an example of expansionary fiscal policy because they aim to boost economic activity by increasing sectoral demand. Expansionary fiscal policies are designed to stimulate economic growth, especially during periods of slow economic activity or recession. By reducing the cost of renewable energy projects through subsidies, the government encourages investment in this sector, leading to job creation, increased production, and a multiplier effect across the economy.

In contrast, other options like increasing income tax rates or reducing government spending on infrastructure are contractionary measures as they lower disposable income and decrease public expenditure, thereby dampening demand. Increasing interest rates is a tool of monetary policy, not fiscal policy, and it is used to control inflation rather than stimulate demand.

Solution: c)

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar: It is India’s highest civilian award for children above 18 years of age. The award is organized by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. Achievements for consideration must have occurred within five years prior to the nomination deadline. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: d) Statement 1 is incorrect because the award is for children aged 5–18 years, not above 18. Statement 2 is incorrect as it is organized by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, not the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. Statement 3 is incorrect because achievements must have occurred within two years prior to the nomination deadline, not five years. About Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar: What it is:India’s highest civilian award for children, celebrating exceptional achievements in various fields. Awarded by:President of India on behalf of the Government of India. Ministry involved:Organized by the Ministry of Women and Child Development. Categories: Art & Culture Bravery Innovation Science & Technology Social Service Sports Environment Eligibility: Must be an Indian citizen. Age: 5–18 years as of July 31 of the respective year. Achievements must have occurred within two years prior to the nomination deadline. Up to 25 awards are conferred annually, with flexibility at the discretion of the National Selection Committee. Award details: Winners receive a medal, a certificate, and a citation booklet. Incorrect Solution: d) Statement 1 is incorrect because the award is for children aged 5–18 years, not above 18. Statement 2 is incorrect as it is organized by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, not the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. Statement 3 is incorrect because achievements must have occurred within two years prior to the nomination deadline, not five years. About Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar: What it is:India’s highest civilian award for children, celebrating exceptional achievements in various fields. Awarded by:President of India on behalf of the Government of India. Ministry involved:Organized by the Ministry of Women and Child Development. Categories: Art & Culture Bravery Innovation Science & Technology Social Service Sports Environment Eligibility: Must be an Indian citizen. Age: 5–18 years as of July 31 of the respective year. Achievements must have occurred within two years prior to the nomination deadline. Up to 25 awards are conferred annually, with flexibility at the discretion of the National Selection Committee. Award details: Winners receive a medal, a certificate, and a citation booklet.

#### 6. Question

Consider the following statements about the Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar:

• It is India’s highest civilian award for children above 18 years of age.

• The award is organized by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.

• Achievements for consideration must have occurred within five years prior to the nomination deadline.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: d)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the award is for children aged 5–18 years, not above 18.

Statement 2 is incorrect as it is organized by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, not the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.

Statement 3 is incorrect because achievements must have occurred within two years prior to the nomination deadline, not five years.

About Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar:

• What it is:India’s highest civilian award for children, celebrating exceptional achievements in various fields.

• Awarded by:President of India on behalf of the Government of India.

• Ministry involved:Organized by the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

Categories:

• Art & Culture

• Innovation

• Science & Technology

• Social Service

• Environment

Eligibility:

• Must be an Indian citizen.

• Age: 5–18 years as of July 31 of the respective year.

• Achievements must have occurred within two years prior to the nomination deadline.

• Up to 25 awards are conferred annually, with flexibility at the discretion of the National Selection Committee.

Award details: Winners receive a medal, a certificate, and a citation booklet.

Solution: d)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the award is for children aged 5–18 years, not above 18.

Statement 2 is incorrect as it is organized by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, not the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.

Statement 3 is incorrect because achievements must have occurred within two years prior to the nomination deadline, not five years.

About Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar:

• What it is:India’s highest civilian award for children, celebrating exceptional achievements in various fields.

• Awarded by:President of India on behalf of the Government of India.

• Ministry involved:Organized by the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

Categories:

• Art & Culture

• Innovation

• Science & Technology

• Social Service

• Environment

Eligibility:

• Must be an Indian citizen.

• Age: 5–18 years as of July 31 of the respective year.

• Achievements must have occurred within two years prior to the nomination deadline.

• Up to 25 awards are conferred annually, with flexibility at the discretion of the National Selection Committee.

Award details: Winners receive a medal, a certificate, and a citation booklet.

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about Surya Kiran 2024: It is a bilateral exercise between India and Bhutan. It focuses on counter-terrorism operations and humanitarian operations under the UN Charter. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: b) Surya Kiran 2024: Exercise name:Surya Kiran 2024 Held at:Saljhandi, Nepal Nations involved:India and Nepal Focus:Jungle warfare, counter-terrorism, and humanitarian operations under the UN Charter. Incorrect Solution: b) Surya Kiran 2024: Exercise name:Surya Kiran 2024 Held at:Saljhandi, Nepal Nations involved:India and Nepal Focus:Jungle warfare, counter-terrorism, and humanitarian operations under the UN Charter.

#### 7. Question

Consider the following statements about Surya Kiran 2024:

• It is a bilateral exercise between India and Bhutan.

• It focuses on counter-terrorism operations and humanitarian operations under the UN Charter.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)

Surya Kiran 2024:

• Exercise name:Surya Kiran 2024

• Held at:Saljhandi, Nepal

• Nations involved:India and Nepal

• Focus:Jungle warfare, counter-terrorism, and humanitarian operations under the UN Charter.

Solution: b)

Surya Kiran 2024:

• Exercise name:Surya Kiran 2024

• Held at:Saljhandi, Nepal

• Nations involved:India and Nepal

• Focus:Jungle warfare, counter-terrorism, and humanitarian operations under the UN Charter.

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Brahmaputra River system: It originates from the Manasarovar Lake in Tibet. The river enters Arunachal Pradesh through the Mariam La Pass. The river forms the Sunderbans delta along with the Ganga in Bangladesh. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because the Brahmaputra originates from the Chemayungdung Glacier near Mount Kailash, not directly from Manasarovar Lake. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mariam La Pass separates the Brahmaputra’s source from Manasarovar Lake; it does not mark its entry into Arunachal Pradesh. Statement 3 is correct as the Brahmaputra, called Jamuna in Bangladesh, merges with the Ganga to form the Sunderbans delta. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because the Brahmaputra originates from the Chemayungdung Glacier near Mount Kailash, not directly from Manasarovar Lake. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mariam La Pass separates the Brahmaputra’s source from Manasarovar Lake; it does not mark its entry into Arunachal Pradesh. Statement 3 is correct as the Brahmaputra, called Jamuna in Bangladesh, merges with the Ganga to form the Sunderbans delta.

#### 8. Question

Consider the following statements about the Brahmaputra River system:

• It originates from the Manasarovar Lake in Tibet.

• The river enters Arunachal Pradesh through the Mariam La Pass.

• The river forms the Sunderbans delta along with the Ganga in Bangladesh.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the Brahmaputra originates from the Chemayungdung Glacier near Mount Kailash, not directly from Manasarovar Lake. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mariam La Pass separates the Brahmaputra’s source from Manasarovar Lake; it does not mark its entry into Arunachal Pradesh. Statement 3 is correct as the Brahmaputra, called Jamuna in Bangladesh, merges with the Ganga to form the Sunderbans delta.

Solution: a)

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Belagavi Congress Session, 1924: It marked the first introduction of the Purna Swaraj resolution. Gandhi restructured the Congress by significantly reducing the membership fee. The session emphasized grassroots empowerment through hand-spun khadi promotion. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because the Purna Swaraj resolution was introduced later in 1929. Statement 2 is correct as Gandhi reduced the Congress membership fee by 90%, making it more accessible. Statement 3 is correct as the session prioritized self-reliance through khadi promotion and rural revitalization. About Belagavi Congress Session, 1924: Year and Presidentship:Held in December 1924; chaired by Mahatma Gandhi, marking the only Congress session he presided over. Blend of Political and Social Reform:Unlike other sessions, it focused equally on social issues like untouchability eradication, khadi promotion, sanitation, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside political goals like Swaraj. Institutional Transformation:Gandhi restructured the Congress into a mass movement by reducing the membership fee by 90%, making it accessible to all social classes. Focus on Grassroots Empowerment:The session mandated contributions to hand-spun khadi, promoting self-reliance and village industries, and marked a shift from urban-centric strategies to rural revitalization. Cultural and Ethical Impact: Advocated equality, with Brahmin volunteers engaging in sanitation work. Iconic cultural performances by Vishnu Digambar Paluskar and Gangubai Hangal. Gandhi’s famous declaration, “If I am to be born again, may I be born a Bhangi,”emphasized social justice and upliftment. Infrastructure Legacy:The construction of Pampa Sarovara, a well for the session, continues to serve Belagavi, symbolizing sustainable contributions from the event. Visionary Resolutions:Unique resolutions on urban planning and cow protection linked economic development with cultural preservation, showcasing Gandhi’s holistic approach. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because the Purna Swaraj resolution was introduced later in 1929. Statement 2 is correct as Gandhi reduced the Congress membership fee by 90%, making it more accessible. Statement 3 is correct as the session prioritized self-reliance through khadi promotion and rural revitalization. About Belagavi Congress Session, 1924: Year and Presidentship:Held in December 1924; chaired by Mahatma Gandhi, marking the only Congress session he presided over. Blend of Political and Social Reform:Unlike other sessions, it focused equally on social issues like untouchability eradication, khadi promotion, sanitation, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside political goals like Swaraj. Institutional Transformation:Gandhi restructured the Congress into a mass movement by reducing the membership fee by 90%, making it accessible to all social classes. Focus on Grassroots Empowerment:The session mandated contributions to hand-spun khadi, promoting self-reliance and village industries, and marked a shift from urban-centric strategies to rural revitalization. Cultural and Ethical Impact: Advocated equality, with Brahmin volunteers engaging in sanitation work. Iconic cultural performances by Vishnu Digambar Paluskar and Gangubai Hangal. Gandhi’s famous declaration, “If I am to be born again, may I be born a Bhangi,”emphasized social justice and upliftment. Infrastructure Legacy:The construction of Pampa Sarovara, a well for the session, continues to serve Belagavi, symbolizing sustainable contributions from the event. Visionary Resolutions:Unique resolutions on urban planning and cow protection linked economic development with cultural preservation, showcasing Gandhi’s holistic approach.

#### 9. Question

Consider the following statements about the Belagavi Congress Session, 1924:

• It marked the first introduction of the Purna Swaraj resolution.

• Gandhi restructured the Congress by significantly reducing the membership fee.

• The session emphasized grassroots empowerment through hand-spun khadi promotion.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the Purna Swaraj resolution was introduced later in 1929. Statement 2 is correct as Gandhi reduced the Congress membership fee by 90%, making it more accessible. Statement 3 is correct as the session prioritized self-reliance through khadi promotion and rural revitalization.

About Belagavi Congress Session, 1924:

• Year and Presidentship:Held in December 1924; chaired by Mahatma Gandhi, marking the only Congress session he presided over.

• Blend of Political and Social Reform:Unlike other sessions, it focused equally on social issues like untouchability eradication, khadi promotion, sanitation, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside political goals like Swaraj.

• Institutional Transformation:Gandhi restructured the Congress into a mass movement by reducing the membership fee by 90%, making it accessible to all social classes.

• Focus on Grassroots Empowerment:The session mandated contributions to hand-spun khadi, promoting self-reliance and village industries, and marked a shift from urban-centric strategies to rural revitalization.

Cultural and Ethical Impact:

• Advocated equality, with Brahmin volunteers engaging in sanitation work.

• Iconic cultural performances by Vishnu Digambar Paluskar and Gangubai Hangal.

• Gandhi’s famous declaration, “If I am to be born again, may I be born a Bhangi,”emphasized social justice and upliftment.

• Infrastructure Legacy:The construction of Pampa Sarovara, a well for the session, continues to serve Belagavi, symbolizing sustainable contributions from the event.

• Visionary Resolutions:Unique resolutions on urban planning and cow protection linked economic development with cultural preservation, showcasing Gandhi’s holistic approach.

Solution: b)

About Belagavi Congress Session, 1924:

• Year and Presidentship:Held in December 1924; chaired by Mahatma Gandhi, marking the only Congress session he presided over.

• Institutional Transformation:Gandhi restructured the Congress into a mass movement by reducing the membership fee by 90%, making it accessible to all social classes.

Cultural and Ethical Impact:

• Advocated equality, with Brahmin volunteers engaging in sanitation work.

• Iconic cultural performances by Vishnu Digambar Paluskar and Gangubai Hangal.

• Gandhi’s famous declaration, “If I am to be born again, may I be born a Bhangi,”emphasized social justice and upliftment.

• Infrastructure Legacy:The construction of Pampa Sarovara, a well for the session, continues to serve Belagavi, symbolizing sustainable contributions from the event.

• Visionary Resolutions:Unique resolutions on urban planning and cow protection linked economic development with cultural preservation, showcasing Gandhi’s holistic approach.

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about monetary policy: Quantitative Easing (QE) is a contractionary monetary policy tool. Open Market Operations (OMO) involve buying and selling government securities to manage liquidity. Repo rate changes directly affect short-term borrowing costs. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because Quantitative Easing (QE) is an expansionary monetary policy tool, not contractionary. QE involves the central bank purchasing financial assets, such as government securities, to inject liquidity into the economy, stimulate demand, and promote growth, particularly during economic slowdowns. Statement 2 is correct as Open Market Operations (OMO) involve the central bank buying or selling government securities to manage liquidity in the financial system. When the central bank buys securities, it increases liquidity; when it sells, it reduces liquidity. Statement 3 is also correct because repo rate changes directly influence short-term borrowing costs. A reduction in the repo rate lowers borrowing costs for banks, encouraging lending and investment, while an increase has the opposite effect. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because Quantitative Easing (QE) is an expansionary monetary policy tool, not contractionary. QE involves the central bank purchasing financial assets, such as government securities, to inject liquidity into the economy, stimulate demand, and promote growth, particularly during economic slowdowns. Statement 2 is correct as Open Market Operations (OMO) involve the central bank buying or selling government securities to manage liquidity in the financial system. When the central bank buys securities, it increases liquidity; when it sells, it reduces liquidity. Statement 3 is also correct because repo rate changes directly influence short-term borrowing costs. A reduction in the repo rate lowers borrowing costs for banks, encouraging lending and investment, while an increase has the opposite effect.

#### 10. Question

Consider the following statements about monetary policy:

• Quantitative Easing (QE) is a contractionary monetary policy tool.

• Open Market Operations (OMO) involve buying and selling government securities to manage liquidity.

• Repo rate changes directly affect short-term borrowing costs.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect because Quantitative Easing (QE) is an expansionary monetary policy tool, not contractionary. QE involves the central bank purchasing financial assets, such as government securities, to inject liquidity into the economy, stimulate demand, and promote growth, particularly during economic slowdowns.

Statement 2 is correct as Open Market Operations (OMO) involve the central bank buying or selling government securities to manage liquidity in the financial system. When the central bank buys securities, it increases liquidity; when it sells, it reduces liquidity.

Statement 3 is also correct because repo rate changes directly influence short-term borrowing costs. A reduction in the repo rate lowers borrowing costs for banks, encouraging lending and investment, while an increase has the opposite effect.

Solution: b)

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