UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 28 August 2024

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Which of the following is a key condition for an insult or intimidation of SC/ST members to be considered an offence under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, as per the Supreme Court ruling? a) The insult or intimidation must be intentional. b) The insult or intimidation must occur in a public place. c) The insult or intimidation must be based on the victim's caste. d) The insult or intimidation must involve physical harm. Correct Solution: c) The Supreme Court ruled that for an insult or intimidation of SC/ST members to be considered an offence under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, it must be based on the victim’s caste. This ruling emphasizes that not every intentional insult or act of intimidation amounts to a caste-based humiliation; the caste element must be the underlying cause of the insult or intimidation for it to be punishable under the Act. Incorrect Solution: c) The Supreme Court ruled that for an insult or intimidation of SC/ST members to be considered an offence under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, it must be based on the victim’s caste. This ruling emphasizes that not every intentional insult or act of intimidation amounts to a caste-based humiliation; the caste element must be the underlying cause of the insult or intimidation for it to be punishable under the Act.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following is a key condition for an insult or intimidation of SC/ST members to be considered an offence under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, as per the Supreme Court ruling?

• a) The insult or intimidation must be intentional.

• b) The insult or intimidation must occur in a public place.

• c) The insult or intimidation must be based on the victim's caste.

• d) The insult or intimidation must involve physical harm.

Solution: c)

The Supreme Court ruled that for an insult or intimidation of SC/ST members to be considered an offence under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, it must be based on the victim’s caste. This ruling emphasizes that not every intentional insult or act of intimidation amounts to a caste-based humiliation; the caste element must be the underlying cause of the insult or intimidation for it to be punishable under the Act.

Solution: c)

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Which of the following organisms is known to exhibit the phenomenon of Sonoluminescence? a) Pistol shrimp b) Electric eel c) Jellyfish d) Firefly Correct Solution: a) Pistol shrimp (family Alpheidae) are known to exhibit Sonoluminescence, a phenomenon where a small bubble in a liquid, hit by powerful sound waves, emits a flash of light. Pistol shrimp achieve this by rapidly snapping their claws, creating a collapsing bubble that produces a loud sound, heat, and sometimes a flash of light. This unique ability makes them one of the few known natural sources of Sonoluminescence outside a laboratory setting. Incorrect Solution: a) Pistol shrimp (family Alpheidae) are known to exhibit Sonoluminescence, a phenomenon where a small bubble in a liquid, hit by powerful sound waves, emits a flash of light. Pistol shrimp achieve this by rapidly snapping their claws, creating a collapsing bubble that produces a loud sound, heat, and sometimes a flash of light. This unique ability makes them one of the few known natural sources of Sonoluminescence outside a laboratory setting.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following organisms is known to exhibit the phenomenon of Sonoluminescence?

• a) Pistol shrimp

• b) Electric eel

• c) Jellyfish

• d) Firefly

Solution: a)

Pistol shrimp (family Alpheidae) are known to exhibit Sonoluminescence, a phenomenon where a small bubble in a liquid, hit by powerful sound waves, emits a flash of light. Pistol shrimp achieve this by rapidly snapping their claws, creating a collapsing bubble that produces a loud sound, heat, and sometimes a flash of light. This unique ability makes them one of the few known natural sources of Sonoluminescence outside a laboratory setting.

Solution: a)

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Which of the following environmental impacts is directly linked to lithium mining in the Atacama Desert? a) Increased volcanic eruptions b) Significant loss of mangrove forests c) Contamination of ecosystems and water scarcity d) Melting of polar ice caps Correct Solution: c) Lithium mining in the Atacama Desert has been linked to severe environmental impacts, including contamination of ecosystems and exacerbation of water scarcity. The Atacama Desert is already the driest place on Earth, and lithium extraction further strains its limited freshwater resources. Additionally, the process can harm local biodiversity, including species like flamingos that rely on the desert’s fragile ecosystems. Incorrect Solution: c) Lithium mining in the Atacama Desert has been linked to severe environmental impacts, including contamination of ecosystems and exacerbation of water scarcity. The Atacama Desert is already the driest place on Earth, and lithium extraction further strains its limited freshwater resources. Additionally, the process can harm local biodiversity, including species like flamingos that rely on the desert’s fragile ecosystems.

#### 3. Question

Which of the following environmental impacts is directly linked to lithium mining in the Atacama Desert?

• a) Increased volcanic eruptions

• b) Significant loss of mangrove forests

• c) Contamination of ecosystems and water scarcity

• d) Melting of polar ice caps

Solution: c)

Lithium mining in the Atacama Desert has been linked to severe environmental impacts, including contamination of ecosystems and exacerbation of water scarcity. The Atacama Desert is already the driest place on Earth, and lithium extraction further strains its limited freshwater resources. Additionally, the process can harm local biodiversity, including species like flamingos that rely on the desert’s fragile ecosystems.

Solution: c)

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Which organization is piloting the ₹72,000-crore Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project? a) NITI Aayog b) Ministry of Home Affairs c) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change d) Andaman and Nicobar Administration Correct Solution: a) The Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project, a ₹72,000-crore initiative, is being piloted by NITI Aayog. This project is focused on the holistic development of the Great Nicobar Island, located at the southern end of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands group. NITI Aayog is responsible for overseeing and strategizing the project’s implementation, which includes major infrastructure developments aimed at enhancing the region’s strategic and economic importance. Incorrect Solution: a) The Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project, a ₹72,000-crore initiative, is being piloted by NITI Aayog. This project is focused on the holistic development of the Great Nicobar Island, located at the southern end of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands group. NITI Aayog is responsible for overseeing and strategizing the project’s implementation, which includes major infrastructure developments aimed at enhancing the region’s strategic and economic importance.

#### 4. Question

Which organization is piloting the ₹72,000-crore Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project?

• a) NITI Aayog

• b) Ministry of Home Affairs

• c) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

• d) Andaman and Nicobar Administration

Solution: a)

The Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project, a ₹72,000-crore initiative, is being piloted by NITI Aayog. This project is focused on the holistic development of the Great Nicobar Island, located at the southern end of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands group. NITI Aayog is responsible for overseeing and strategizing the project’s implementation, which includes major infrastructure developments aimed at enhancing the region’s strategic and economic importance.

Solution: a)

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points What is the primary objective of the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha AbhiyaN (PM-JANMAN) campaign launched by the Union Ministry of Tribal Affairs? a) To achieve 100% saturation of government schemes in Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) areas. b) To promote tribal tourism across India. c) To introduce new education schemes for tribal children. d) To develop infrastructure in urban tribal settlements. Correct Solution: a) The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha AbhiyaN (PM-JANMAN) campaign aims to ensure 100% saturation of government schemes in PVTG areas. The campaign covers over 44 lakh individuals in 194 districts across the country, focusing on reaching the most marginalized tribal communities with essential government services and benefits. The initiative is designed to bridge the gap in development by ensuring that all eligible members of these communities can access government schemes and services. Incorrect Solution: a) The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha AbhiyaN (PM-JANMAN) campaign aims to ensure 100% saturation of government schemes in PVTG areas. The campaign covers over 44 lakh individuals in 194 districts across the country, focusing on reaching the most marginalized tribal communities with essential government services and benefits. The initiative is designed to bridge the gap in development by ensuring that all eligible members of these communities can access government schemes and services.

#### 5. Question

What is the primary objective of the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha AbhiyaN (PM-JANMAN) campaign launched by the Union Ministry of Tribal Affairs?

• a) To achieve 100% saturation of government schemes in Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) areas.

• b) To promote tribal tourism across India.

• c) To introduce new education schemes for tribal children.

• d) To develop infrastructure in urban tribal settlements.

Solution: a)

The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha AbhiyaN (PM-JANMAN) campaign aims to ensure 100% saturation of government schemes in PVTG areas. The campaign covers over 44 lakh individuals in 194 districts across the country, focusing on reaching the most marginalized tribal communities with essential government services and benefits. The initiative is designed to bridge the gap in development by ensuring that all eligible members of these communities can access government schemes and services.

Solution: a)

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points What is the primary cause of the flash of light seen in Sonoluminescence? a) Chemical reactions within the bubble b) Rapid cooling of the bubble c) Electrical discharge from the organism d) Rapid collapse of a bubble caused by sound waves Correct Solution: d) Sonoluminescence occurs when a small bubble in a liquid rapidly collapses due to the impact of powerful sound waves. This collapse generates extremely high temperatures, sometimes reaching thousands of kelvin, resulting in the emission of a flash of light. The exact process behind this phenomenon is still not fully understood, but it is clear that the rapid collapse of the bubble is the primary cause. Incorrect Solution: d) Sonoluminescence occurs when a small bubble in a liquid rapidly collapses due to the impact of powerful sound waves. This collapse generates extremely high temperatures, sometimes reaching thousands of kelvin, resulting in the emission of a flash of light. The exact process behind this phenomenon is still not fully understood, but it is clear that the rapid collapse of the bubble is the primary cause.

#### 6. Question

What is the primary cause of the flash of light seen in Sonoluminescence?

• a) Chemical reactions within the bubble

• b) Rapid cooling of the bubble

• c) Electrical discharge from the organism

• d) Rapid collapse of a bubble caused by sound waves

Solution: d)

Sonoluminescence occurs when a small bubble in a liquid rapidly collapses due to the impact of powerful sound waves. This collapse generates extremely high temperatures, sometimes reaching thousands of kelvin, resulting in the emission of a flash of light. The exact process behind this phenomenon is still not fully understood, but it is clear that the rapid collapse of the bubble is the primary cause.

Solution: d)

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Which of the following is NOT a component of the Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project? a) A transshipment port at Galathea Bay b) A dual-use military-civil international airport c) A power plant d) A mega shopping mall complex Correct Solution: d) The Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project does not include the construction of a mega shopping mall complex. The project’s components include a ₹35,000-crore transshipment port at Galathea Bay, a dual-use military-civil international airport, a power plant, and a township. These elements are designed to enhance the strategic and economic significance of the island while supporting both civilian and military needs. Incorrect Solution: d) The Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project does not include the construction of a mega shopping mall complex. The project’s components include a ₹35,000-crore transshipment port at Galathea Bay, a dual-use military-civil international airport, a power plant, and a township. These elements are designed to enhance the strategic and economic significance of the island while supporting both civilian and military needs.

#### 7. Question

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project?

• a) A transshipment port at Galathea Bay

• b) A dual-use military-civil international airport

• c) A power plant

• d) A mega shopping mall complex

Solution: d)

The Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project does not include the construction of a mega shopping mall complex. The project’s components include a ₹35,000-crore transshipment port at Galathea Bay, a dual-use military-civil international airport, a power plant, and a township. These elements are designed to enhance the strategic and economic significance of the island while supporting both civilian and military needs.

Solution: d)

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Which of the following offences is specifically punished under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989? a) Offences related to dowry b) Manual scavenging c) Domestic violence d) Theft Correct Solution: b) The SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, specifically punishes offences like manual scavenging, which is recognized as a severe form of discrimination and atrocity against SC/ST communities. The Act aims to prevent such crimes, protect the dignity of SC/ST members, and ensure that those guilty of such offences are brought to justice. The Act also establishes Special Courts for the expeditious trial of such offences and provides relief and rehabilitation to victims. Incorrect Solution: b) The SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, specifically punishes offences like manual scavenging, which is recognized as a severe form of discrimination and atrocity against SC/ST communities. The Act aims to prevent such crimes, protect the dignity of SC/ST members, and ensure that those guilty of such offences are brought to justice. The Act also establishes Special Courts for the expeditious trial of such offences and provides relief and rehabilitation to victims.

#### 8. Question

Which of the following offences is specifically punished under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989?

• a) Offences related to dowry

• b) Manual scavenging

• c) Domestic violence

Solution: b)

The SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, specifically punishes offences like manual scavenging, which is recognized as a severe form of discrimination and atrocity against SC/ST communities. The Act aims to prevent such crimes, protect the dignity of SC/ST members, and ensure that those guilty of such offences are brought to justice. The Act also establishes Special Courts for the expeditious trial of such offences and provides relief and rehabilitation to victims.

Solution: b)

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Which of the following national parks is located near the area designated for the township and area development in the Great Nicobar Island (GNI) project? a) Galathea National Park b) Campbell Bay National Park c) Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park d) Rani Jhansi Marine National Park Correct Solution: b) The area designated for township and area development in the Great Nicobar Island project is located near Campbell Bay National Park. This proximity highlights the need for careful planning to balance development with environmental conservation. Incorrect Solution: b) The area designated for township and area development in the Great Nicobar Island project is located near Campbell Bay National Park. This proximity highlights the need for careful planning to balance development with environmental conservation.

#### 9. Question

Which of the following national parks is located near the area designated for the township and area development in the Great Nicobar Island (GNI) project?

• a) Galathea National Park

• b) Campbell Bay National Park

• c) Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park

• d) Rani Jhansi Marine National Park

Solution: b)

The area designated for township and area development in the Great Nicobar Island project is located near Campbell Bay National Park. This proximity highlights the need for careful planning to balance development with environmental conservation.

Solution: b)

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Which of the following activities is NOT a part of the IEC campaign under PM-JANMAN? a) Distribution of entitlements to PVTG members. b) Organization of health camps in tribal areas. c) Conducting awareness campaigns in tribal languages. d) Development of urban housing projects for tribals. Correct Solution: d) The Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaign under PM-JANMAN focuses on activities such as the distribution of entitlements, organization of health camps, and conducting awareness campaigns in tribal languages. These efforts are aimed at ensuring the effective implementation of government schemes in PVTG areas. The development of urban housing projects is not a part of this campaign, which is primarily targeted at rural and remote tribal areas to address the specific needs of PVTGs. Incorrect Solution: d) The Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaign under PM-JANMAN focuses on activities such as the distribution of entitlements, organization of health camps, and conducting awareness campaigns in tribal languages. These efforts are aimed at ensuring the effective implementation of government schemes in PVTG areas. The development of urban housing projects is not a part of this campaign, which is primarily targeted at rural and remote tribal areas to address the specific needs of PVTGs.

#### 10. Question

Which of the following activities is NOT a part of the IEC campaign under PM-JANMAN?

• a) Distribution of entitlements to PVTG members.

• b) Organization of health camps in tribal areas.

• c) Conducting awareness campaigns in tribal languages.

• d) Development of urban housing projects for tribals.

Solution: d)

The Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaign under PM-JANMAN focuses on activities such as the distribution of entitlements, organization of health camps, and conducting awareness campaigns in tribal languages. These efforts are aimed at ensuring the effective implementation of government schemes in PVTG areas. The development of urban housing projects is not a part of this campaign, which is primarily targeted at rural and remote tribal areas to address the specific needs of PVTGs.

Solution: d)

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