UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 27 February 2025

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Which of the following is a core objective of the Global Digital Compact (GDC)? a) Mandating national-level AI regulatory frameworks b) Providing economic sanctions for unethical AI use c) Establishing legally binding global data privacy laws d) Promoting global cooperation in technology governance Correct Solution: d) The GDC emphasizes global cooperation in the governance of digital technologies, aiming to promote responsible data management and ethical AI use. It builds on principles like international laws, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the UN 2030 Agenda. While non-binding, it encourages inclusive and sustainable digital advancements that could influence the evolution of soft laws in technology governance. Incorrect Solution: d) The GDC emphasizes global cooperation in the governance of digital technologies, aiming to promote responsible data management and ethical AI use. It builds on principles like international laws, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the UN 2030 Agenda. While non-binding, it encourages inclusive and sustainable digital advancements that could influence the evolution of soft laws in technology governance.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following is a core objective of the Global Digital Compact (GDC)?

• a) Mandating national-level AI regulatory frameworks

• b) Providing economic sanctions for unethical AI use

• c) Establishing legally binding global data privacy laws

• d) Promoting global cooperation in technology governance

Solution: d)

The GDC emphasizes global cooperation in the governance of digital technologies, aiming to promote responsible data management and ethical AI use. It builds on principles like international laws, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the UN 2030 Agenda. While non-binding, it encourages inclusive and sustainable digital advancements that could influence the evolution of soft laws in technology governance.

Solution: d)

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Red Sea: The Red Sea separates the Arabian Peninsula from Africa. Egypt and Saudi Arabia are the only countries bordering the Red Sea. The Red Sea connects to the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the Red Sea lies between the Arabian Peninsula and Africa. Statement 2 is incorrect because other countries like Yemen and Sudan also border the Red Sea. Statement 3 is correct as the Red Sea connects to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal in Egypt. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the Red Sea lies between the Arabian Peninsula and Africa. Statement 2 is incorrect because other countries like Yemen and Sudan also border the Red Sea. Statement 3 is correct as the Red Sea connects to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal in Egypt.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about the Red Sea:

• The Red Sea separates the Arabian Peninsula from Africa.

• Egypt and Saudi Arabia are the only countries bordering the Red Sea.

• The Red Sea connects to the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct as the Red Sea lies between the Arabian Peninsula and Africa.

Statement 2 is incorrect because other countries like Yemen and Sudan also border the Red Sea.

Statement 3 is correct as the Red Sea connects to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal in Egypt.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct as the Red Sea lies between the Arabian Peninsula and Africa.

Statement 2 is incorrect because other countries like Yemen and Sudan also border the Red Sea.

Statement 3 is correct as the Red Sea connects to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal in Egypt.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about rare diseases in India: A digital portal allows for crowdfunding to support treatment for rare disease patients. The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme provides financial support for manufacturing orphan drugs in India. Customs duty waivers are available for imported rare disease drugs only when purchased for commercial purposes. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct: India has introduced a digital portal for crowdfunding to support the treatment of patients suffering from rare diseases. This portal allows individuals to donate and contribute towards the expensive treatment of these diseases, which are often not fully covered by insurance or government schemes. Statement 2 is also correct: The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme in India provides financial incentives to encourage the domestic production of orphan drugs, which are drugs used to treat rare diseases. This is aimed at reducing the dependency on imported drugs and fostering local manufacturing capacity. Statement 3 is incorrect: Customs duty waivers are granted for imported rare disease drugs when they are imported for personal use, particularly for patients undergoing treatment. This waiver does not apply to drugs imported for commercial purposes. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct: India has introduced a digital portal for crowdfunding to support the treatment of patients suffering from rare diseases. This portal allows individuals to donate and contribute towards the expensive treatment of these diseases, which are often not fully covered by insurance or government schemes. Statement 2 is also correct: The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme in India provides financial incentives to encourage the domestic production of orphan drugs, which are drugs used to treat rare diseases. This is aimed at reducing the dependency on imported drugs and fostering local manufacturing capacity. Statement 3 is incorrect: Customs duty waivers are granted for imported rare disease drugs when they are imported for personal use, particularly for patients undergoing treatment. This waiver does not apply to drugs imported for commercial purposes.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about rare diseases in India:

• A digital portal allows for crowdfunding to support treatment for rare disease patients.

• The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme provides financial support for manufacturing orphan drugs in India.

• Customs duty waivers are available for imported rare disease drugs only when purchased for commercial purposes.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• b) 1 and 2 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct: India has introduced a digital portal for crowdfunding to support the treatment of patients suffering from rare diseases. This portal allows individuals to donate and contribute towards the expensive treatment of these diseases, which are often not fully covered by insurance or government schemes.

• Statement 2 is also correct: The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme in India provides financial incentives to encourage the domestic production of orphan drugs, which are drugs used to treat rare diseases. This is aimed at reducing the dependency on imported drugs and fostering local manufacturing capacity.

• Statement 3 is incorrect: Customs duty waivers are granted for imported rare disease drugs when they are imported for personal use, particularly for patients undergoing treatment. This waiver does not apply to drugs imported for commercial purposes.

Solution: b)

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points The Bab el-Mandeb Strait is strategically important because it connects which two major water bodies? a) Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean b) Persian Gulf and Gulf of Aden c) Red Sea and Gulf of Aden d) Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea Correct Solution: c) The Bab el-Mandeb Strait connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden, making it a critical maritime chokepoint for shipping between the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, through the Suez Canal. Incorrect Solution: c) The Bab el-Mandeb Strait connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden, making it a critical maritime chokepoint for shipping between the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, through the Suez Canal.

#### 4. Question

The Bab el-Mandeb Strait is strategically important because it connects which two major water bodies?

• a) Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean

• b) Persian Gulf and Gulf of Aden

• c) Red Sea and Gulf of Aden

• d) Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea

Solution: c)

The Bab el-Mandeb Strait connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden, making it a critical maritime chokepoint for shipping between the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, through the Suez Canal.

Solution: c)

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Which of the following accurately describes the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method used for lab-grown diamond production? a) Uses a carbon-rich gas under controlled temperature and pressure to form diamonds b) Requires the use of graphite carbon in a vacuum chamber c) Involves the crystallization of silicon-based materials d) Utilizes high pressure and temperature similar to volcanic conditions Correct Solution: a) Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is a widely used method for producing lab-grown diamonds. In this process, a small diamond seed is placed in a vacuum chamber filled with a carbon-rich gas, typically methane. Under controlled conditions of high temperature and low pressure, the gas is ionized, breaking down the carbon molecules. These carbon atoms then stick to the diamond seed, gradually forming layers of diamond as the atoms crystallize on the surface of the seed. Unlike the High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) method, which replicates natural conditions of volcanic activity, the CVD method allows for more controlled and precise production of diamonds, making it a popular technique in the diamond manufacturing industry. This method also produces diamonds that are optically and physically similar to natural diamonds but at a more affordable cost. Incorrect Solution: a) Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is a widely used method for producing lab-grown diamonds. In this process, a small diamond seed is placed in a vacuum chamber filled with a carbon-rich gas, typically methane. Under controlled conditions of high temperature and low pressure, the gas is ionized, breaking down the carbon molecules. These carbon atoms then stick to the diamond seed, gradually forming layers of diamond as the atoms crystallize on the surface of the seed. Unlike the High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) method, which replicates natural conditions of volcanic activity, the CVD method allows for more controlled and precise production of diamonds, making it a popular technique in the diamond manufacturing industry. This method also produces diamonds that are optically and physically similar to natural diamonds but at a more affordable cost.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following accurately describes the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method used for lab-grown diamond production?

• a) Uses a carbon-rich gas under controlled temperature and pressure to form diamonds

• b) Requires the use of graphite carbon in a vacuum chamber

• c) Involves the crystallization of silicon-based materials

• d) Utilizes high pressure and temperature similar to volcanic conditions

Solution: a)

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is a widely used method for producing lab-grown diamonds. In this process, a small diamond seed is placed in a vacuum chamber filled with a carbon-rich gas, typically methane. Under controlled conditions of high temperature and low pressure, the gas is ionized, breaking down the carbon molecules. These carbon atoms then stick to the diamond seed, gradually forming layers of diamond as the atoms crystallize on the surface of the seed.

Unlike the High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) method, which replicates natural conditions of volcanic activity, the CVD method allows for more controlled and precise production of diamonds, making it a popular technique in the diamond manufacturing industry. This method also produces diamonds that are optically and physically similar to natural diamonds but at a more affordable cost.

Solution: a)

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points Which of the following is a key objective of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory? a) Launch space probes for Mars exploration b) Build communication satellites for global internet c) Search for new energy sources d) Detect and study gravitational waves Correct Solution: d) One of the key objectives of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) is to detect gravitational waves, along with studying galaxies, mapping visible galaxies with unprecedented detail, and searching for signs of extra-terrestrial life. Incorrect Solution: d) One of the key objectives of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) is to detect gravitational waves, along with studying galaxies, mapping visible galaxies with unprecedented detail, and searching for signs of extra-terrestrial life.

#### 6. Question

Which of the following is a key objective of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory?

• a) Launch space probes for Mars exploration

• b) Build communication satellites for global internet

• c) Search for new energy sources

• d) Detect and study gravitational waves

Solution: d)

One of the key objectives of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) is to detect gravitational waves, along with studying galaxies, mapping visible galaxies with unprecedented detail, and searching for signs of extra-terrestrial life.

Solution: d)

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Which strait connects the Coral Sea and the Arafura Sea, and is crucial for maritime navigation between Australia and New Guinea? a) Taiwan Strait b) Davis Strait c) Cook Strait d) Torres Strait Correct Solution: d) The Torres Strait connects the Coral Sea to the Arafura Sea, located between Australia and New Guinea, and is significant for maritime navigation in this region. Incorrect Solution: d) The Torres Strait connects the Coral Sea to the Arafura Sea, located between Australia and New Guinea, and is significant for maritime navigation in this region.

#### 7. Question

Which strait connects the Coral Sea and the Arafura Sea, and is crucial for maritime navigation between Australia and New Guinea?

• a) Taiwan Strait

• b) Davis Strait

• c) Cook Strait

• d) Torres Strait

Solution: d)

The Torres Strait connects the Coral Sea to the Arafura Sea, located between Australia and New Guinea, and is significant for maritime navigation in this region.

Solution: d)

The Torres Strait connects the Coral Sea to the Arafura Sea, located between Australia and New Guinea, and is significant for maritime navigation in this region.

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the fluorescence properties of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds (FNDs): FNDs emit light at a higher frequency than the light they absorb. FNDs have a longer fluorescence lifespan compared to other materials. FNDs can be used in quantum technologies due to their unique optical properties. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because FNDs emit light of a lower frequency than the light they absorb (a process known as fluorescence). Statement 2 is correct as FNDs have a longer fluorescence lifespan compared to other materials, making them superior for certain applications. Statement 3 is correct as FNDs can be used in quantum technologies, such as quantum computing and sensing, due to their unique optical properties and the presence of nitrogen vacancy centers. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because FNDs emit light of a lower frequency than the light they absorb (a process known as fluorescence). Statement 2 is correct as FNDs have a longer fluorescence lifespan compared to other materials, making them superior for certain applications. Statement 3 is correct as FNDs can be used in quantum technologies, such as quantum computing and sensing, due to their unique optical properties and the presence of nitrogen vacancy centers.

#### 8. Question

Consider the following statements about the fluorescence properties of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds (FNDs):

• FNDs emit light at a higher frequency than the light they absorb.

• FNDs have a longer fluorescence lifespan compared to other materials.

• FNDs can be used in quantum technologies due to their unique optical properties.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect because FNDs emit light of a lower frequency than the light they absorb (a process known as fluorescence).

Statement 2 is correct as FNDs have a longer fluorescence lifespan compared to other materials, making them superior for certain applications.

Statement 3 is correct as FNDs can be used in quantum technologies, such as quantum computing and sensing, due to their unique optical properties and the presence of nitrogen vacancy centers.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect because FNDs emit light of a lower frequency than the light they absorb (a process known as fluorescence).

Statement 2 is correct as FNDs have a longer fluorescence lifespan compared to other materials, making them superior for certain applications.

Statement 3 is correct as FNDs can be used in quantum technologies, such as quantum computing and sensing, due to their unique optical properties and the presence of nitrogen vacancy centers.

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about iron ore extraction in India: Bailadila mines in Chhattisgarh are known for high-grade iron ore. The majority of India’s iron ore reserves are hematite, while magnetite reserves are comparatively lower. India’s iron ore mines are located primarily in coastal areas for easy export. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Bailadila in Chhattisgarh is known for high-grade iron ore, and India’s reserves are mostly hematite with fewer magnetite reserves. However, most of India’s iron ore mines are located inland, not along the coast, making statement 3 incorrect. Incorrect Solution: b) Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Bailadila in Chhattisgarh is known for high-grade iron ore, and India’s reserves are mostly hematite with fewer magnetite reserves. However, most of India’s iron ore mines are located inland, not along the coast, making statement 3 incorrect.

#### 9. Question

Consider the following statements about iron ore extraction in India:

• Bailadila mines in Chhattisgarh are known for high-grade iron ore.

• The majority of India’s iron ore reserves are hematite, while magnetite reserves are comparatively lower.

• India’s iron ore mines are located primarily in coastal areas for easy export.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Bailadila in Chhattisgarh is known for high-grade iron ore, and India’s reserves are mostly hematite with fewer magnetite reserves.

However, most of India’s iron ore mines are located inland, not along the coast, making statement 3 incorrect.

Solution: b)

Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Bailadila in Chhattisgarh is known for high-grade iron ore, and India’s reserves are mostly hematite with fewer magnetite reserves.

However, most of India’s iron ore mines are located inland, not along the coast, making statement 3 incorrect.

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the difference between broadband and broadcast: Broadband provides high-speed internet access and allows for two-way communication. Broadcast is primarily used for transmitting content like TV and radio signals to a large audience. Both broadband and broadcast enable real-time two-way communication for multimedia content. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: a) Broadband is a technology that provides high-speed internet access, allowing users to send and receive data, enabling two-way communication. This is essential for activities like video conferencing, online gaming, and streaming, where data flows in both directions. On the other hand, broadcast technology, such as television and radio, is designed for one-way communication. It transmits content from a single source to a large audience without any interaction or feedback from the receivers. Broadcast is typically used for mass media dissemination like TV shows, radio broadcasts, or emergency alerts. Statement 3 is incorrect because broadcast only allows one-way communication, limiting any real-time interaction or feedback. Incorrect Solution: a) Broadband is a technology that provides high-speed internet access, allowing users to send and receive data, enabling two-way communication. This is essential for activities like video conferencing, online gaming, and streaming, where data flows in both directions. On the other hand, broadcast technology, such as television and radio, is designed for one-way communication. It transmits content from a single source to a large audience without any interaction or feedback from the receivers. Broadcast is typically used for mass media dissemination like TV shows, radio broadcasts, or emergency alerts. Statement 3 is incorrect because broadcast only allows one-way communication, limiting any real-time interaction or feedback.

#### 10. Question

Consider the following statements about the difference between broadband and broadcast:

• Broadband provides high-speed internet access and allows for two-way communication.

• Broadcast is primarily used for transmitting content like TV and radio signals to a large audience.

• Both broadband and broadcast enable real-time two-way communication for multimedia content.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: a)

• Broadband is a technology that provides high-speed internet access, allowing users to send and receive data, enabling two-way communication. This is essential for activities like video conferencing, online gaming, and streaming, where data flows in both directions.

• On the other hand, broadcast technology, such as television and radio, is designed for one-way communication. It transmits content from a single source to a large audience without any interaction or feedback from the receivers. Broadcast is typically used for mass media dissemination like TV shows, radio broadcasts, or emergency alerts.

Statement 3 is incorrect because broadcast only allows one-way communication, limiting any real-time interaction or feedback.

Solution: a)

Statement 3 is incorrect because broadcast only allows one-way communication, limiting any real-time interaction or feedback.

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