UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 25 April 2025

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points How many the following World Heritage Sites of India are majorly associated with Buddhist traditions? Ajanta Caves Mahabodhi Temple Complex Pattadakal Group of Monuments Nalanda Mahavihara Select the correct answer code: (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: c) Pattadakal Group of Monuments, located in Karnataka, is a confluence of Northern and Southern styles of temple architecture and primarily dedicated to Hindu deities, especially Lord Shiva. The site exemplifies early Chalukyan temple architecture and includes several Dravidian and Nagara style temples but does not have direct links to Buddhist traditions. On the contrary, Ajanta Caves are renowned for Buddhist paintings and sculptures; Mahabodhi Temple is the place of Buddha’s enlightenment; and Nalanda Mahavihara was a prominent Buddhist monastic and educational institution. Incorrect Solution: c) Pattadakal Group of Monuments, located in Karnataka, is a confluence of Northern and Southern styles of temple architecture and primarily dedicated to Hindu deities, especially Lord Shiva. The site exemplifies early Chalukyan temple architecture and includes several Dravidian and Nagara style temples but does not have direct links to Buddhist traditions. On the contrary, Ajanta Caves are renowned for Buddhist paintings and sculptures; Mahabodhi Temple is the place of Buddha’s enlightenment; and Nalanda Mahavihara was a prominent Buddhist monastic and educational institution.

#### 1. Question

How many the following World Heritage Sites of India are majorly associated with Buddhist traditions?

• Ajanta Caves

• Mahabodhi Temple Complex

• Pattadakal Group of Monuments

• Nalanda Mahavihara

Select the correct answer code:

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: c)

• Pattadakal Group of Monuments, located in Karnataka, is a confluence of Northern and Southern styles of temple architecture and primarily dedicated to Hindu deities, especially Lord Shiva.

• The site exemplifies early Chalukyan temple architecture and includes several Dravidian and Nagara style temples but does not have direct links to Buddhist traditions.

• On the contrary, Ajanta Caves are renowned for Buddhist paintings and sculptures; Mahabodhi Temple is the place of Buddha’s enlightenment; and Nalanda Mahavihara was a prominent Buddhist monastic and educational institution.

Solution: c)

• Pattadakal Group of Monuments, located in Karnataka, is a confluence of Northern and Southern styles of temple architecture and primarily dedicated to Hindu deities, especially Lord Shiva.

• The site exemplifies early Chalukyan temple architecture and includes several Dravidian and Nagara style temples but does not have direct links to Buddhist traditions.

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding DPS Wetland. DPS Wetland is part of the Central Asian Flyway network. Flamingo populations use it as a feeding and resting site. The wetland is an artificial inland water body created through human excavation. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct – DPS Wetland supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway, which includes many species like flamingos that rest and feed here. Statement 2 is also correct – It is a feeding and resting ground for flamingos, making it ecologically vital. Statement 3 is incorrect – There’s no evidence suggesting it’s an artificial water body from excavation; it is a natural tidal wetland system. About DPS Wetland: Location: Situated in Seawoods, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. Spread over 30 acres, adjacent to the Thane Creek Ramsar site. River Drainage: DPS Lake forms part of the Thane Creek ecosystem, a tidal waterbody fed by numerous freshwater sources and marine influences. Supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway. Key Features: Acts as a critical feeding and resting ground for thousands of migratory flamingos. Restoration of tidal flow and algae clearance initiatives were pivotal in reviving the wetland ecosystem. A sensitive ecological buffer that strengthens climate resilience against floods and sea-water intrusion. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct – DPS Wetland supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway, which includes many species like flamingos that rest and feed here. Statement 2 is also correct – It is a feeding and resting ground for flamingos, making it ecologically vital. Statement 3 is incorrect – There’s no evidence suggesting it’s an artificial water body from excavation; it is a natural tidal wetland system. About DPS Wetland: Location: Situated in Seawoods, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. Spread over 30 acres, adjacent to the Thane Creek Ramsar site. River Drainage: DPS Lake forms part of the Thane Creek ecosystem, a tidal waterbody fed by numerous freshwater sources and marine influences. Supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway. Key Features: Acts as a critical feeding and resting ground for thousands of migratory flamingos. Restoration of tidal flow and algae clearance initiatives were pivotal in reviving the wetland ecosystem. A sensitive ecological buffer that strengthens climate resilience against floods and sea-water intrusion.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding DPS Wetland.

• DPS Wetland is part of the Central Asian Flyway network.

• Flamingo populations use it as a feeding and resting site.

• The wetland is an artificial inland water body created through human excavation.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct – DPS Wetland supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway, which includes many species like flamingos that rest and feed here. Statement 2 is also correct – It is a feeding and resting ground for flamingos, making it ecologically vital. Statement 3 is incorrect – There’s no evidence suggesting it’s an artificial water body from excavation; it is a natural tidal wetland system.

About DPS Wetland:

• Location:

• Situated in Seawoods, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. Spread over 30 acres, adjacent to the Thane Creek Ramsar site.

• Situated in Seawoods, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra.

• Spread over 30 acres, adjacent to the Thane Creek Ramsar site.

• River Drainage:

• DPS Lake forms part of the Thane Creek ecosystem, a tidal waterbody fed by numerous freshwater sources and marine influences. Supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway.

• DPS Lake forms part of the Thane Creek ecosystem, a tidal waterbody fed by numerous freshwater sources and marine influences.

• Supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway.

• Key Features:

• Acts as a critical feeding and resting ground for thousands of migratory flamingos. Restoration of tidal flow and algae clearance initiatives were pivotal in reviving the wetland ecosystem. A sensitive ecological buffer that strengthens climate resilience against floods and sea-water intrusion.

• Acts as a critical feeding and resting ground for thousands of migratory flamingos.

• Restoration of tidal flow and algae clearance initiatives were pivotal in reviving the wetland ecosystem.

• A sensitive ecological buffer that strengthens climate resilience against floods and sea-water intrusion.

Solution: b)

About DPS Wetland:

• Location:

• Situated in Seawoods, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. Spread over 30 acres, adjacent to the Thane Creek Ramsar site.

• Situated in Seawoods, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra.

• Spread over 30 acres, adjacent to the Thane Creek Ramsar site.

• River Drainage:

• DPS Lake forms part of the Thane Creek ecosystem, a tidal waterbody fed by numerous freshwater sources and marine influences. Supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway.

• DPS Lake forms part of the Thane Creek ecosystem, a tidal waterbody fed by numerous freshwater sources and marine influences.

• Supports migratory birds on the Central Asian Flyway.

• Key Features:

• Acts as a critical feeding and resting ground for thousands of migratory flamingos.

• Restoration of tidal flow and algae clearance initiatives were pivotal in reviving the wetland ecosystem.

• A sensitive ecological buffer that strengthens climate resilience against floods and sea-water intrusion.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Flamingos. Flamingos in India are mostly found in the Western Ghats’ evergreen forests. Greater Flamingos are native to India and are the largest flamingo species. Flamingos construct floating nests using aquatic vegetation. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect – Flamingos are not forest birds; they are commonly seen in coastal wetlands, saline lakes, and mudflats, such as Sambhar Lake, Rann of Kutch, and Thane Creek, not in the evergreen forests of the Western Ghats. Statement 2 is correct – The Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) is the largest flamingo species and the one most commonly found in India. Statement 3 is incorrect – Flamingos construct mud mound nests, not floating ones, to protect their eggs from flooding and predators. What are Flamingos? Flamingos are large, pink-hued wading birds known for their graceful necks, long legs, and downward-bent bills. Scientific Name: The Greater Flamingo (found in India) is scientifically named Phoenicopterus roseus. Key Features: Physical: Height ranges between 90 to 150 cm; striking pink or rosy plumage due to carotenoid pigments from their diet. Biological: Specialized filter-feeding with comblike structures inside their bills to sieve algae, crustaceans, and diatoms. Nests are conical mud mounds where one or two eggs are laid, with both parents incubating. Social: Highly gregarious birds forming large colonies; engage in synchronized group movements and nesting. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect – Flamingos are not forest birds; they are commonly seen in coastal wetlands, saline lakes, and mudflats, such as Sambhar Lake, Rann of Kutch, and Thane Creek, not in the evergreen forests of the Western Ghats. Statement 2 is correct – The Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) is the largest flamingo species and the one most commonly found in India. Statement 3 is incorrect – Flamingos construct mud mound nests, not floating ones, to protect their eggs from flooding and predators. What are Flamingos? Flamingos are large, pink-hued wading birds known for their graceful necks, long legs, and downward-bent bills. Scientific Name: The Greater Flamingo (found in India) is scientifically named Phoenicopterus roseus. Key Features: Physical: Height ranges between 90 to 150 cm; striking pink or rosy plumage due to carotenoid pigments from their diet. Biological: Specialized filter-feeding with comblike structures inside their bills to sieve algae, crustaceans, and diatoms. Nests are conical mud mounds where one or two eggs are laid, with both parents incubating. Social: Highly gregarious birds forming large colonies; engage in synchronized group movements and nesting.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Flamingos.

• Flamingos in India are mostly found in the Western Ghats’ evergreen forests.

• Greater Flamingos are native to India and are the largest flamingo species.

• Flamingos construct floating nests using aquatic vegetation.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is incorrect – Flamingos are not forest birds; they are commonly seen in coastal wetlands, saline lakes, and mudflats, such as Sambhar Lake, Rann of Kutch, and Thane Creek, not in the evergreen forests of the Western Ghats.

• Statement 2 is correct – The Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) is the largest flamingo species and the one most commonly found in India.

• Statement 3 is incorrect – Flamingos construct mud mound nests, not floating ones, to protect their eggs from flooding and predators.

• What are Flamingos?

• Flamingos are large, pink-hued wading birds known for their graceful necks, long legs, and downward-bent bills.

• Scientific Name: The Greater Flamingo (found in India) is scientifically named Phoenicopterus roseus.

• Key Features:

• Physical: Height ranges between 90 to 150 cm; striking pink or rosy plumage due to carotenoid pigments from their diet. Biological: Specialized filter-feeding with comblike structures inside their bills to sieve algae, crustaceans, and diatoms. Nests are conical mud mounds where one or two eggs are laid, with both parents incubating. Social: Highly gregarious birds forming large colonies; engage in synchronized group movements and nesting.

• Physical: Height ranges between 90 to 150 cm; striking pink or rosy plumage due to carotenoid pigments from their diet.

• Height ranges between 90 to 150 cm; striking pink or rosy plumage due to carotenoid pigments from their diet.

• Biological: Specialized filter-feeding with comblike structures inside their bills to sieve algae, crustaceans, and diatoms. Nests are conical mud mounds where one or two eggs are laid, with both parents incubating.

• Specialized filter-feeding with comblike structures inside their bills to sieve algae, crustaceans, and diatoms.

• Nests are conical mud mounds where one or two eggs are laid, with both parents incubating.

• Social: Highly gregarious birds forming large colonies; engage in synchronized group movements and nesting.

• Highly gregarious birds forming large colonies; engage in synchronized group movements and nesting.

Solution: a)

• Statement 2 is correct – The Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) is the largest flamingo species and the one most commonly found in India.

• Statement 3 is incorrect – Flamingos construct mud mound nests, not floating ones, to protect their eggs from flooding and predators.

• What are Flamingos?

• Flamingos are large, pink-hued wading birds known for their graceful necks, long legs, and downward-bent bills.

• Scientific Name: The Greater Flamingo (found in India) is scientifically named Phoenicopterus roseus.

• Key Features:

• Physical: Height ranges between 90 to 150 cm; striking pink or rosy plumage due to carotenoid pigments from their diet.

• Height ranges between 90 to 150 cm; striking pink or rosy plumage due to carotenoid pigments from their diet.

• Specialized filter-feeding with comblike structures inside their bills to sieve algae, crustaceans, and diatoms.

• Nests are conical mud mounds where one or two eggs are laid, with both parents incubating.

• Social: Highly gregarious birds forming large colonies; engage in synchronized group movements and nesting.

• Highly gregarious birds forming large colonies; engage in synchronized group movements and nesting.

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Lanjia Saora tribal group. The Lanjia Saora are classified as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG). The community practices shifting cultivation. The mango harvest dance is performed as a seasonal thanksgiving ritual to ancestral spirits for fruit yield. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: c) The Lanjia Saora are officially recognized as a PVTG in Odisha, marked by low literacy, pre-agricultural practices, and distinct languages and rituals. The mango harvest dance is performed as a seasonal thanksgiving ritual to ancestral spirits, celebrating nature’s bounty. They also practice Podu, a form of shifting cultivation involving rotation of fields and forest clearings. Incorrect Solution: c) The Lanjia Saora are officially recognized as a PVTG in Odisha, marked by low literacy, pre-agricultural practices, and distinct languages and rituals. The mango harvest dance is performed as a seasonal thanksgiving ritual to ancestral spirits, celebrating nature’s bounty. They also practice Podu, a form of shifting cultivation involving rotation of fields and forest clearings.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Lanjia Saora tribal group.

• The Lanjia Saora are classified as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG).

• The community practices shifting cultivation.

• The mango harvest dance is performed as a seasonal thanksgiving ritual to ancestral spirits for fruit yield.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: c)

The Lanjia Saora are officially recognized as a PVTG in Odisha, marked by low literacy, pre-agricultural practices, and distinct languages and rituals. The mango harvest dance is performed as a seasonal thanksgiving ritual to ancestral spirits, celebrating nature’s bounty.

They also practice Podu, a form of shifting cultivation involving rotation of fields and forest clearings.

Solution: c)

They also practice Podu, a form of shifting cultivation involving rotation of fields and forest clearings.

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Natyashastra: 1. It was authored by Bharata and outlines principles of Rasa theory and stagecraft. 2. It is primarily a medieval text codifying temple rituals and inscriptions. 3. It includes elaborate discussions on dramaturgy, architecture, and musical scales. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. The Natyashastra, attributed to sage Bharata, is a seminal treatise on dramaturgy and the performing arts. It laid down the foundation for classical Indian theatre and the theory of Rasa, a concept essential to Indian aesthetics. Statement 2 is incorrect. The Natyashastra is not a text of medieval ritualism; it predates temple traditions and instead belongs to a classical Sanskrit knowledge tradition. Statement 3 is correct, as the treatise extensively covers stage design, dramaturgical elements, musical instruments, gestures (mudras), and acoustic principles. It’s encyclopedic in nature and has influenced both textual and performance traditions across Asia. Its inclusion in UNESCO’s Register highlights its pan-cultural artistic value. The manuscripts of the Bhagavad Gita and Bharat Muni’s Natyashastra were added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register. About Gita and Natyashastra added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register: What It Is? An international initiative by UNESCO to preserve humanity’s valuable documentary heritage and safeguard it against neglect, decay, and destruction. Established In: 1992. Objective: To protect archival holdings, manuscripts, rare collections, and promote broader accessibility and awareness. Criteria for Inclusion: Outstanding universal value. Historical, cultural, or social significance. Authenticity, integrity, and rarity of the document. India and Memory of the World: With the inclusion of Gita and Natyashastra, India now has 14 entries in the Memory of the World Register. Other recent entries include *Ramcharitmanas*, *Panchatantra*, and *Sahrdayāloka-Locana in the 2024 MOWCAP Regional Register. Natyashastra: Name: Natyashastra (Treatise on Performing Arts). Author: Bharat Muni. Features: A foundational text detailing Indian classical dance, drama, music, and stagecraft; establishes concepts like Rasa (aesthetic flavor) that continue to influence Indian arts. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. The Natyashastra, attributed to sage Bharata, is a seminal treatise on dramaturgy and the performing arts. It laid down the foundation for classical Indian theatre and the theory of Rasa, a concept essential to Indian aesthetics. Statement 2 is incorrect. The Natyashastra is not a text of medieval ritualism; it predates temple traditions and instead belongs to a classical Sanskrit knowledge tradition. Statement 3 is correct, as the treatise extensively covers stage design, dramaturgical elements, musical instruments, gestures (mudras), and acoustic principles. It’s encyclopedic in nature and has influenced both textual and performance traditions across Asia. Its inclusion in UNESCO’s Register highlights its pan-cultural artistic value. The manuscripts of the Bhagavad Gita and Bharat Muni’s Natyashastra were added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register. About Gita and Natyashastra added to *UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register: What It Is? An international initiative by UNESCO to preserve humanity’s valuable documentary heritage and safeguard it against neglect, decay, and destruction. Established In: 1992. Objective: To protect archival holdings, manuscripts, rare collections, and promote broader accessibility and awareness. Criteria for Inclusion: Outstanding universal value. Historical, cultural, or social significance. Authenticity, integrity, and rarity of the document. India and Memory of the World: With the inclusion of Gita and Natyashastra, India now has 14 entries in the Memory of the World Register. Other recent entries include *Ramcharitmanas*, *Panchatantra*, and *Sahrdayāloka-Locana in the 2024 MOWCAP Regional Register. Natyashastra: Name: Natyashastra (Treatise on Performing Arts). Author: Bharat Muni. Features: A foundational text detailing Indian classical dance, drama, music, and stagecraft; establishes concepts like Rasa* (aesthetic flavor) that continue to influence Indian arts.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Natyashastra:

1.It was authored by Bharata and outlines principles of Rasa theory and stagecraft. 2. It is primarily a medieval text codifying temple rituals and inscriptions. 3. It includes elaborate discussions on dramaturgy, architecture, and musical scales.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct. The Natyashastra, attributed to sage Bharata, is a seminal treatise on dramaturgy and the performing arts. It laid down the foundation for classical Indian theatre and the theory of Rasa, a concept essential to Indian aesthetics.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. The Natyashastra is not a text of medieval ritualism; it predates temple traditions and instead belongs to a classical Sanskrit knowledge tradition.

• Statement 3 is correct, as the treatise extensively covers stage design, dramaturgical elements, musical instruments, gestures (mudras), and acoustic principles.

• It’s encyclopedic in nature and has influenced both textual and performance traditions across Asia. Its inclusion in UNESCO’s Register highlights its pan-cultural artistic value.

The manuscripts of the Bhagavad Gita and Bharat Muni’s Natyashastra were added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register.

About Gita and Natyashastra added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register:

• What It Is? An international initiative by UNESCO to preserve humanity’s valuable documentary heritage and safeguard it against neglect, decay, and destruction.

• An international initiative by UNESCO to preserve humanity’s valuable documentary heritage and safeguard it against neglect, decay, and destruction.

• Established In: 1992.

• Objective: To protect archival holdings, manuscripts, rare collections, and promote broader accessibility and awareness.

• Criteria for Inclusion: Outstanding universal value. Historical, cultural, or social significance. Authenticity, integrity, and rarity of the document.

• Outstanding universal value.

• Historical, cultural, or social significance.

• Authenticity, integrity, and rarity of the document.

• India and Memory of the World: With the inclusion of Gita and Natyashastra, India now has 14 entries in the Memory of the World Register. Other recent entries include *Ramcharitmanas*, *Panchatantra*, and *Sahrdayāloka-Locana* in the 2024 MOWCAP Regional Register.

• With the inclusion of Gita and Natyashastra, India now has 14 entries in the Memory of the World Register.

• Other recent entries include *Ramcharitmanas*, *Panchatantra*, and *Sahrdayāloka-Locana* in the 2024 MOWCAP Regional Register.

• Natyashastra: Name: Natyashastra (Treatise on Performing Arts). Author: Bharat Muni. Features: A foundational text detailing Indian classical dance, drama, music, and stagecraft; establishes concepts like Rasa (aesthetic flavor) that continue to influence Indian arts.

• Name: Natyashastra (Treatise on Performing Arts).

• Author: Bharat Muni.

• Features: A foundational text detailing Indian classical dance, drama, music, and stagecraft; establishes concepts like Rasa (aesthetic flavor) that continue to influence Indian arts.

Solution: b)

• Statement 2 is incorrect. The Natyashastra is not a text of medieval ritualism; it predates temple traditions and instead belongs to a classical Sanskrit knowledge tradition.

• Statement 3 is correct, as the treatise extensively covers stage design, dramaturgical elements, musical instruments, gestures (mudras), and acoustic principles.

• It’s encyclopedic in nature and has influenced both textual and performance traditions across Asia. Its inclusion in UNESCO’s Register highlights its pan-cultural artistic value.

The manuscripts of the Bhagavad Gita and Bharat Muni’s Natyashastra were added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register.

About Gita and Natyashastra added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register:

• What It Is? An international initiative by UNESCO to preserve humanity’s valuable documentary heritage and safeguard it against neglect, decay, and destruction.

• An international initiative by UNESCO to preserve humanity’s valuable documentary heritage and safeguard it against neglect, decay, and destruction.

• Established In: 1992.

• Objective: To protect archival holdings, manuscripts, rare collections, and promote broader accessibility and awareness.

• Criteria for Inclusion: Outstanding universal value. Historical, cultural, or social significance. Authenticity, integrity, and rarity of the document.

• Outstanding universal value.

• Historical, cultural, or social significance.

• Authenticity, integrity, and rarity of the document.

• With the inclusion of Gita and Natyashastra, India now has 14 entries in the Memory of the World Register.

• Other recent entries include *Ramcharitmanas*, *Panchatantra*, and *Sahrdayāloka-Locana* in the 2024 MOWCAP Regional Register.

• Name: Natyashastra (Treatise on Performing Arts).

• Author: Bharat Muni.

• Features: A foundational text detailing Indian classical dance, drama, music, and stagecraft; establishes concepts like Rasa (aesthetic flavor) that continue to influence Indian arts.

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regardingMajuli Island Statement-I: Majuli’s candidature under the UNESCO mixed heritage category strengthens India’s presence in transdisciplinary heritage sites. Statement-II: The island demonstrates integration of ecological restoration and post-industrial land use. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: c) Statement-I is correct: Majuli’s nomination reflects India’s efforts to highlight culturally and ecologically integrated landscapes, strengthening its profile in heritage diplomacy. Statement-II is incorrect: Majuli is not an example of post-industrial land use or restoration ecology; it is a naturally evolving riverine island, not rehabilitated from prior industrial use. Following Charaideo Maidams’ UNESCO World Heritage status in 2024, Assam is now pushing for Majuli Island and Sivasagar to achieve UNESCO recognition. About Majuli Island: Location: Majuli is located in the Brahmaputra River in Assam, about 40 km from Jorhat city. Formation: Formed by the dynamic shifting of Brahmaputra’s river channels over centuries, Majuli emerged as the world’s largest river island. Key Features: Area: Once spread across 880 sq km, currently reduced due to severe erosion. Biodiversity: Known for lush landscapes, paddy fields, wetlands, and monsoon submergence enriching the soil. Culture: Home to vibrant Assamese traditions, Satras (Vaishnavite monasteries), and tribes like the Mising, Deori, and Assamese. Status: Declared a district in 2016, it is being proposed under the mixed category (cultural and natural) for UNESCO recognition. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement-I is correct: Majuli’s nomination reflects India’s efforts to highlight culturally and ecologically integrated landscapes, strengthening its profile in heritage diplomacy. Statement-II is incorrect: Majuli is not an example of post-industrial land use or restoration ecology; it is a naturally evolving riverine island, not rehabilitated from prior industrial use. Following Charaideo Maidams’ UNESCO World Heritage status in 2024, Assam is now pushing for Majuli Island and Sivasagar to achieve UNESCO recognition. About Majuli Island: Location: Majuli is located in the Brahmaputra River in Assam, about 40 km from Jorhat city. Formation: Formed by the dynamic shifting of Brahmaputra’s river channels over centuries, Majuli emerged as the world’s largest river island. Key Features: Area: Once spread across 880 sq km, currently reduced due to severe erosion. Biodiversity: Known for lush landscapes, paddy fields, wetlands, and monsoon submergence enriching the soil. Culture: Home to vibrant Assamese traditions, Satras (Vaishnavite monasteries), and tribes like the Mising, Deori, and Assamese. Status: Declared a district in 2016, it is being proposed under the mixed category (cultural and natural) for UNESCO recognition.

#### 6. Question

Consider the following statements regardingMajuli Island

Statement-I: Majuli’s candidature under the UNESCO mixed heritage category strengthens India’s presence in transdisciplinary heritage sites. Statement-II: The island demonstrates integration of ecological restoration and post-industrial land use.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: c)

Statement-I is correct: Majuli’s nomination reflects India’s efforts to highlight culturally and ecologically integrated landscapes, strengthening its profile in heritage diplomacy. Statement-II is incorrect: Majuli is not an example of post-industrial land use or restoration ecology; it is a naturally evolving riverine island, not rehabilitated from prior industrial use.

Following Charaideo Maidams’ UNESCO World Heritage status in 2024, Assam is now pushing for Majuli Island and Sivasagar to achieve UNESCO recognition.

About Majuli Island:

• Location: Majuli is located in the Brahmaputra River in Assam, about 40 km from Jorhat city.

• Formation: Formed by the dynamic shifting of Brahmaputra’s river channels over centuries, Majuli emerged as the world’s largest river island.

• Key Features: Area: Once spread across 880 sq km, currently reduced due to severe erosion. Biodiversity: Known for lush landscapes, paddy fields, wetlands, and monsoon submergence enriching the soil. Culture: Home to vibrant Assamese traditions, Satras (Vaishnavite monasteries), and tribes like the Mising, Deori, and Assamese. Status: Declared a district in 2016, it is being proposed under the mixed category (cultural and natural) for UNESCO recognition.

• Area: Once spread across 880 sq km, currently reduced due to severe erosion.

• Biodiversity: Known for lush landscapes, paddy fields, wetlands, and monsoon submergence enriching the soil.

• Culture: Home to vibrant Assamese traditions, Satras (Vaishnavite monasteries), and tribes like the Mising, Deori, and Assamese.

• Status: Declared a district in 2016, it is being proposed under the mixed category (cultural and natural) for UNESCO recognition.

Solution: c)

Following Charaideo Maidams’ UNESCO World Heritage status in 2024, Assam is now pushing for Majuli Island and Sivasagar to achieve UNESCO recognition.

About Majuli Island:

• Location: Majuli is located in the Brahmaputra River in Assam, about 40 km from Jorhat city.

• Formation: Formed by the dynamic shifting of Brahmaputra’s river channels over centuries, Majuli emerged as the world’s largest river island.

• Area: Once spread across 880 sq km, currently reduced due to severe erosion.

• Biodiversity: Known for lush landscapes, paddy fields, wetlands, and monsoon submergence enriching the soil.

• Culture: Home to vibrant Assamese traditions, Satras (Vaishnavite monasteries), and tribes like the Mising, Deori, and Assamese.

• Status: Declared a district in 2016, it is being proposed under the mixed category (cultural and natural) for UNESCO recognition.

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regardingUNESCO World Heritage Sites. The Western Ghats are inscribed as a World Heritage Site for their unique biodiversity and cultural traditions. Rani-ki-Vav was inscribed as a World Heritage Site under both cultural and natural criteria. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct – The Western Ghats were inscribed for their exceptional biodiversity, endemism, and ecological significance. Statement 2 is incorrect – Rani-ki-Vav in Gujarat was inscribed purely under cultural criteria for its stepwell architecture and symbolic water management system in the semi-arid region. What are Heritage Sites? Heritage Sites are locations officially recognized by UNESCO for possessing outstanding cultural, natural, or mixed universal value. They represent humanity’s shared legacy, preserving achievements in history, architecture, biodiversity, and culture for future generations. India’s Status: As of 2024, India proudly holds 43 UNESCOWorld Heritage Sites, showcasing its rich and diverse civilizational history. India’s journey began in 1983with the listing of Agra Fort, Taj Mahal, Ajanta Caves, and Ellora Caves as the first recognized sites. Categories of Sites in India: Cultural Sites (e.g., Taj Mahal, Hampi):Reflecting India’s monumental architecture, spirituality, and artistic excellence. Natural Sites (e.g., Western Ghats, Sundarbans):Celebrating India’s ecological richness and biodiversity. Mixed Sites (e.g., Khangchendzonga National Park):Having both cultural and natural significance. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct – The Western Ghats were inscribed for their exceptional biodiversity, endemism, and ecological significance. Statement 2 is incorrect – Rani-ki-Vav in Gujarat was inscribed purely under cultural criteria for its stepwell architecture and symbolic water management system in the semi-arid region. What are Heritage Sites? Heritage Sites are locations officially recognized by UNESCO for possessing outstanding cultural, natural, or mixed universal value. They represent humanity’s shared legacy, preserving achievements in history, architecture, biodiversity, and culture for future generations. India’s Status: As of 2024, India proudly holds 43 UNESCOWorld Heritage Sites, showcasing its rich and diverse civilizational history. India’s journey began in 1983with the listing of Agra Fort, Taj Mahal, Ajanta Caves, and Ellora Caves as the first recognized sites. Categories of Sites in India: Cultural Sites (e.g., Taj Mahal, Hampi):Reflecting India’s monumental architecture, spirituality, and artistic excellence. Natural Sites (e.g., Western Ghats, Sundarbans):Celebrating India’s ecological richness and biodiversity. Mixed Sites (e.g., Khangchendzonga National Park):Having both cultural and natural significance.

#### 7. Question

Consider the following statements regardingUNESCO World Heritage Sites.

• The Western Ghats are inscribed as a World Heritage Site for their unique biodiversity and cultural traditions.

• Rani-ki-Vav was inscribed as a World Heritage Site under both cultural and natural criteria.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is correct – The Western Ghats were inscribed for their exceptional biodiversity, endemism, and ecological significance.

• Statement 2 is incorrect – Rani-ki-Vav in Gujarat was inscribed purely under cultural criteria for its stepwell architecture and symbolic water management system in the semi-arid region.

• What are Heritage Sites? Heritage Sites are locations officially recognized by UNESCO for possessing outstanding cultural, natural, or mixed universal value. They represent humanity’s shared legacy, preserving achievements in history, architecture, biodiversity, and culture for future generations.

• Heritage Sites are locations officially recognized by UNESCO for possessing outstanding cultural, natural, or mixed universal value.

• They represent humanity’s shared legacy, preserving achievements in history, architecture, biodiversity, and culture for future generations.

• India’s Status: As of 2024, India proudly holds 43 UNESCOWorld Heritage Sites, showcasing its rich and diverse civilizational history. India’s journey began in 1983with the listing of Agra Fort, Taj Mahal, Ajanta Caves, and Ellora Caves as the first recognized sites.

• As of 2024, India proudly holds 43 UNESCOWorld Heritage Sites, showcasing its rich and diverse civilizational history.

• India’s journey began in 1983with the listing of Agra Fort, Taj Mahal, Ajanta Caves, and Ellora Caves as the first recognized sites.

• Categories of Sites in India: Cultural Sites (e.g., Taj Mahal, Hampi):Reflecting India’s monumental architecture, spirituality, and artistic excellence. Natural Sites (e.g., Western Ghats, Sundarbans):Celebrating India’s ecological richness and biodiversity. Mixed Sites (e.g., Khangchendzonga National Park):Having both cultural and natural significance.

• Cultural Sites (e.g., Taj Mahal, Hampi):Reflecting India’s monumental architecture, spirituality, and artistic excellence.

• Natural Sites (e.g., Western Ghats, Sundarbans):Celebrating India’s ecological richness and biodiversity.

• Mixed Sites (e.g., Khangchendzonga National Park):Having both cultural and natural significance.