UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 19 June 2025

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points The Gulf of Mexico is bordered by which of the following countries? a) Mexico, Bahamas, and United States b) United States, Canada, and Mexico c) United States, Haiti, and Cuba d) United States, Mexico, and Cuba Correct Solution: d) The Gulf of Mexico is bordered by three countries: United States: Along the northern coastline, with states like Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida. Mexico: Along its western and southern shores. Cuba: On the southeastern edge, near the Yucatán Channel. Incorrect Solution: d) The Gulf of Mexico is bordered by three countries: United States: Along the northern coastline, with states like Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida. Mexico: Along its western and southern shores. Cuba: On the southeastern edge, near the Yucatán Channel.

#### 1. Question

The Gulf of Mexico is bordered by which of the following countries?

• a) Mexico, Bahamas, and United States

• b) United States, Canada, and Mexico

• c) United States, Haiti, and Cuba

• d) United States, Mexico, and Cuba

Solution: d)

The Gulf of Mexico is bordered by three countries:

• United States: Along the northern coastline, with states like Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida.

• Mexico: Along its western and southern shores.

• Cuba: On the southeastern edge, near the Yucatán Channel.

Solution: d)

The Gulf of Mexico is bordered by three countries:

• United States: Along the northern coastline, with states like Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida.

• Mexico: Along its western and southern shores.

• Cuba: On the southeastern edge, near the Yucatán Channel.

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the UN Committee of Experts on Big Data and Data Science for Official Statistics: It aims to replace traditional data collection methods with big data across all domains. It explores the use of data science techniques, such as machine learning, for statistical analysis. It focuses solely on environmental and social statistics, excluding economic indicators. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because big data is intended to complement traditional data collection methods, offering additional insights and efficiency, rather than fully replacing them across all domains. Traditional methods remain vital, particularly where big data is unavailable or unsuitable. Statement 2 is correct as the committee actively explores modern data science methods, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, to improve statistical analysis and derive insights from complex datasets. Statement 3 is incorrect because the committee addresses a broad range of statistical areas, including environmental, social, and economic indicators, ensuring comprehensive and accurate reporting for global development and policy planning. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because big data is intended to complement traditional data collection methods, offering additional insights and efficiency, rather than fully replacing them across all domains. Traditional methods remain vital, particularly where big data is unavailable or unsuitable. Statement 2 is correct as the committee actively explores modern data science methods, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, to improve statistical analysis and derive insights from complex datasets. Statement 3 is incorrect because the committee addresses a broad range of statistical areas, including environmental, social, and economic indicators, ensuring comprehensive and accurate reporting for global development and policy planning.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about the UN Committee of Experts on Big Data and Data Science for Official Statistics:

• It aims to replace traditional data collection methods with big data across all domains.

• It explores the use of data science techniques, such as machine learning, for statistical analysis.

• It focuses solely on environmental and social statistics, excluding economic indicators.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect because big data is intended to complement traditional data collection methods, offering additional insights and efficiency, rather than fully replacing them across all domains. Traditional methods remain vital, particularly where big data is unavailable or unsuitable.

Statement 2 is correct as the committee actively explores modern data science methods, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, to improve statistical analysis and derive insights from complex datasets.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the committee addresses a broad range of statistical areas, including environmental, social, and economic indicators, ensuring comprehensive and accurate reporting for global development and policy planning.

Solution: b)

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Nutrient-Based Subsidy (NBS): It covers all fertilizers, including urea. It aims to promote balanced use of fertilizers in agriculture. It incentivizes farmers to use nano fertilizers for higher yields. How many of the statements given above are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because the NBS covers various fertilizers, including those containing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S), but excludes urea, which is subsidized separately. Statement 2 is correct as the scheme aims to promote balanced nutrient application, reducing over-reliance on specific fertilizers like urea and enhancing soil health and crop productivity. Statement 3 is incorrect because the NBS does not explicitly incentivize the use of nano fertilizers, although such fertilizers align with the goal of efficiency in nutrient application. The focus remains on optimizing subsidies for conventional fertilizers containing specific nutrients. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because the NBS covers various fertilizers, including those containing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S), but excludes urea, which is subsidized separately. Statement 2 is correct as the scheme aims to promote balanced nutrient application, reducing over-reliance on specific fertilizers like urea and enhancing soil health and crop productivity. Statement 3 is incorrect because the NBS does not explicitly incentivize the use of nano fertilizers, although such fertilizers align with the goal of efficiency in nutrient application. The focus remains on optimizing subsidies for conventional fertilizers containing specific nutrients.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Nutrient-Based Subsidy (NBS):

• It covers all fertilizers, including urea.

• It aims to promote balanced use of fertilizers in agriculture.

• It incentivizes farmers to use nano fertilizers for higher yields.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the NBS covers various fertilizers, including those containing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S), but excludes urea, which is subsidized separately.

Statement 2 is correct as the scheme aims to promote balanced nutrient application, reducing over-reliance on specific fertilizers like urea and enhancing soil health and crop productivity.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the NBS does not explicitly incentivize the use of nano fertilizers, although such fertilizers align with the goal of efficiency in nutrient application. The focus remains on optimizing subsidies for conventional fertilizers containing specific nutrients.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is correct as the scheme aims to promote balanced nutrient application, reducing over-reliance on specific fertilizers like urea and enhancing soil health and crop productivity.

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the SEED (Scheme for Economic Empowerment of Denotified, Nomadic, and Semi-Nomadic Tribes) Scheme for De-notified Tribes: It is implemented by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs. It exclusively focuses on housing assistance for De-notified Tribes communities. It was launched to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Criminal Tribes Act. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: c) Statement 1 is incorrect because the scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, not the Ministry of Tribal Affairs. Statement 2 is also incorrect as the SEED Scheme is not limited to housing assistance. It is a multi-faceted initiative that includes components for livelihood development, education, healthcare, and housing support to uplift the Denotified Tribes (DNT), Nomadic Tribes (NT), and Semi-Nomadic Tribes (SNT). Statement 3 is incorrect because the scheme was launched in 2022 and it does not commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Criminal Tribes Act. Instead, it aims to address the historical injustices caused by this act. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement 1 is incorrect because the scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, not the Ministry of Tribal Affairs. Statement 2 is also incorrect as the SEED Scheme is not limited to housing assistance. It is a multi-faceted initiative that includes components for livelihood development, education, healthcare, and housing support to uplift the Denotified Tribes (DNT), Nomadic Tribes (NT), and Semi-Nomadic Tribes (SNT). Statement 3 is incorrect because the scheme was launched in 2022 and it does not commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Criminal Tribes Act. Instead, it aims to address the historical injustices caused by this act.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about the SEED (Scheme for Economic Empowerment of Denotified, Nomadic, and Semi-Nomadic Tribes) Scheme for De-notified Tribes:

• It is implemented by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.

• It exclusively focuses on housing assistance for De-notified Tribes communities.

• It was launched to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Criminal Tribes Act.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, not the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.

Statement 2 is also incorrect as the SEED Scheme is not limited to housing assistance. It is a multi-faceted initiative that includes components for livelihood development, education, healthcare, and housing support to uplift the Denotified Tribes (DNT), Nomadic Tribes (NT), and Semi-Nomadic Tribes (SNT).

Statement 3 is incorrect because the scheme was launched in 2022 and it does not commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Criminal Tribes Act. Instead, it aims to address the historical injustices caused by this act.

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, not the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about nitrate contamination in groundwater: It primarily originates from industrial wastewater discharge. It contributes to eutrophication in water bodies. It is more prevalent in coastal areas than agricultural regions. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 2 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: a) Statement 2 is correct as nitrate contamination can lead to eutrophication, where excess nutrients cause algal blooms, depleting oxygen and harming aquatic life. Statement 1 is incorrect because nitrates predominantly originate from agricultural sources like fertilizers and manure rather than industrial wastewater. Statement 3 is also incorrect; nitrate contamination is more prevalent in agricultural regions due to fertilizer runoff than in coastal areas. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 2 is correct as nitrate contamination can lead to eutrophication, where excess nutrients cause algal blooms, depleting oxygen and harming aquatic life. Statement 1 is incorrect because nitrates predominantly originate from agricultural sources like fertilizers and manure rather than industrial wastewater. Statement 3 is also incorrect; nitrate contamination is more prevalent in agricultural regions due to fertilizer runoff than in coastal areas.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements about nitrate contamination in groundwater:

• It primarily originates from industrial wastewater discharge.

• It contributes to eutrophication in water bodies.

• It is more prevalent in coastal areas than agricultural regions.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) 2 only

• (b) 1 and 2 only

• (c) 2 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: a)

Statement 2 is correct as nitrate contamination can lead to eutrophication, where excess nutrients cause algal blooms, depleting oxygen and harming aquatic life.

Statement 1 is incorrect because nitrates predominantly originate from agricultural sources like fertilizers and manure rather than industrial wastewater.

Statement 3 is also incorrect; nitrate contamination is more prevalent in agricultural regions due to fertilizer runoff than in coastal areas.

Solution: a)

Statement 2 is correct as nitrate contamination can lead to eutrophication, where excess nutrients cause algal blooms, depleting oxygen and harming aquatic life.

Statement 1 is incorrect because nitrates predominantly originate from agricultural sources like fertilizers and manure rather than industrial wastewater.

Statement 3 is also incorrect; nitrate contamination is more prevalent in agricultural regions due to fertilizer runoff than in coastal areas.

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points Why is the Chagos Archipelago strategically significant? a) It has the largest reserves of rare earth minerals in the Indian Ocean. b) It is the main route for global oil transportation. c) It is located at the confluence of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. d) It hosts a key U.S. military base at Diego Garcia. Correct Solution: d) The Chagos Archipelago is strategically significant because it hosts the U.S. military base at Diego Garcia, which serves as a key hub for operations in the Indian Ocean, Middle East, and South Asia. It is not located at the confluence of oceans, nor does it have large reserves of rare earth minerals or serve as the main oil route. Incorrect Solution: d) The Chagos Archipelago is strategically significant because it hosts the U.S. military base at Diego Garcia, which serves as a key hub for operations in the Indian Ocean, Middle East, and South Asia. It is not located at the confluence of oceans, nor does it have large reserves of rare earth minerals or serve as the main oil route.

#### 6. Question

Why is the Chagos Archipelago strategically significant?

• a) It has the largest reserves of rare earth minerals in the Indian Ocean.

• b) It is the main route for global oil transportation.

• c) It is located at the confluence of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

• d) It hosts a key U.S. military base at Diego Garcia.

Solution: d)

The Chagos Archipelago is strategically significant because it hosts the U.S. military base at Diego Garcia, which serves as a key hub for operations in the Indian Ocean, Middle East, and South Asia. It is not located at the confluence of oceans, nor does it have large reserves of rare earth minerals or serve as the main oil route.

Solution: d)

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Which of the following factors contribute to the prevalence of rat-hole mining in Northeast India? Difficult terrain and lack of modern mining infrastructure. High sulfur content in the coal found in the region. Weak enforcement of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) ban. Strong international demand for coal from Northeast India. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 3, and 4 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Correct Solution: c) Rat-hole mining in Northeast India persists due to a combination of geographical, economic, and regulatory factors. Difficult terrain and lack of modern mining infrastructure (Statement 1) in states like Meghalaya make mechanized mining difficult, pushing miners to rely on traditional, labor-intensive methods. Additionally, the region’s coal has a high sulfur content (Statement 2), which makes it valuable for specific industrial uses domestically, but it does not attract significant international demand. The weak enforcement of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) ban (Statement 3), imposed in 2014 due to environmental degradation and safety concerns, has failed to curb the practice. Corruption, local economic dependence on coal mining, and the absence of stringent monitoring have allowed illegal operations to thrive. Statement 4 is incorrect because the coal from this region is not in strong international demand. Incorrect Solution: c) Rat-hole mining in Northeast India persists due to a combination of geographical, economic, and regulatory factors. Difficult terrain and lack of modern mining infrastructure (Statement 1) in states like Meghalaya make mechanized mining difficult, pushing miners to rely on traditional, labor-intensive methods. Additionally, the region’s coal has a high sulfur content (Statement 2), which makes it valuable for specific industrial uses domestically, but it does not attract significant international demand. The weak enforcement of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) ban (Statement 3), imposed in 2014 due to environmental degradation and safety concerns, has failed to curb the practice. Corruption, local economic dependence on coal mining, and the absence of stringent monitoring have allowed illegal operations to thrive. Statement 4 is incorrect because the coal from this region is not in strong international demand.

#### 7. Question

Which of the following factors contribute to the prevalence of rat-hole mining in Northeast India?

• Difficult terrain and lack of modern mining infrastructure.

• High sulfur content in the coal found in the region.

• Weak enforcement of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) ban.

• Strong international demand for coal from Northeast India.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 1, 3, and 4 only

• (c) 1, 2 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Solution: c)

Rat-hole mining in Northeast India persists due to a combination of geographical, economic, and regulatory factors. Difficult terrain and lack of modern mining infrastructure (Statement 1) in states like Meghalaya make mechanized mining difficult, pushing miners to rely on traditional, labor-intensive methods.

Additionally, the region’s coal has a high sulfur content (Statement 2), which makes it valuable for specific industrial uses domestically, but it does not attract significant international demand.

The weak enforcement of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) ban (Statement 3), imposed in 2014 due to environmental degradation and safety concerns, has failed to curb the practice. Corruption, local economic dependence on coal mining, and the absence of stringent monitoring have allowed illegal operations to thrive.

Statement 4 is incorrect because the coal from this region is not in strong international demand.

Solution: c)

Statement 4 is incorrect because the coal from this region is not in strong international demand.

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Which of the following are key features of Ranthambore Tiger Reserve? It includes a UNESCO World Heritage Site within its boundaries. It is part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. It is known for its high density of tigers visible during the day. It is home to several ancient temples and forts. How many of the statements given above are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two c) Only three d) All four Correct Solution: c) Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, located in Eastern Rajasthan, is one of India’s most renowned tiger reserves, known for its rich biodiversity and cultural heritage. It includes the Ranthambore Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which lies within the reserve’s boundaries. This fort is part of the “Hill Forts of Rajasthan” recognized for their architectural and historical significance. Statement 1 is correct. Ranthambore is famous for its high tiger visibility, making it a prime destination for wildlife tourism. Tigers are often seen during the day, which is relatively rare in other reserves. Statement 3 is correct. The reserve is home to several ancient temples and forts, adding to its cultural and historical appeal. Statement 4 is correct. However, Ranthambore is not part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, as it is located in Rajasthan, far from the Western Ghats. Statement 2 is incorrect. Incorrect Solution: c) Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, located in Eastern Rajasthan, is one of India’s most renowned tiger reserves, known for its rich biodiversity and cultural heritage. It includes the Ranthambore Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which lies within the reserve’s boundaries. This fort is part of the “Hill Forts of Rajasthan” recognized for their architectural and historical significance. Statement 1 is correct. Ranthambore is famous for its high tiger visibility, making it a prime destination for wildlife tourism. Tigers are often seen during the day, which is relatively rare in other reserves. Statement 3 is correct. The reserve is home to several ancient temples and forts, adding to its cultural and historical appeal. Statement 4 is correct. However, Ranthambore is not part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, as it is located in Rajasthan, far from the Western Ghats. Statement 2 is incorrect.

#### 8. Question

Which of the following are key features of Ranthambore Tiger Reserve?

• It includes a UNESCO World Heritage Site within its boundaries.

• It is part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot.

• It is known for its high density of tigers visible during the day.

• It is home to several ancient temples and forts.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• c) Only three

• d) All four

Solution: c)

Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, located in Eastern Rajasthan, is one of India’s most renowned tiger reserves, known for its rich biodiversity and cultural heritage. It includes the Ranthambore Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which lies within the reserve’s boundaries. This fort is part of the “Hill Forts of Rajasthan” recognized for their architectural and historical significance. Statement 1 is correct.

Ranthambore is famous for its high tiger visibility, making it a prime destination for wildlife tourism. Tigers are often seen during the day, which is relatively rare in other reserves. Statement 3 is correct.

The reserve is home to several ancient temples and forts, adding to its cultural and historical appeal. Statement 4 is correct.

However, Ranthambore is not part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, as it is located in Rajasthan, far from the Western Ghats. Statement 2 is incorrect.

Solution: c)

The reserve is home to several ancient temples and forts, adding to its cultural and historical appeal. Statement 4 is correct.

However, Ranthambore is not part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, as it is located in Rajasthan, far from the Western Ghats. Statement 2 is incorrect.

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about Diego Garcia Island: It is governed under a special treaty between the U.S. and the Maldives. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its ecological significance. The island’s primary function is to support international trade operations. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) Diego Garcia, located in the Indian Ocean, is a strategically significant island governed by the United Kingdom as part of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT). The island is leased to the United States for military purposes, making it a key base for U.S. operations in the Indian Ocean, Middle East, and South Asia. Statement 1 is incorrect, as there is no treaty involving the Maldives. The island is not recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite its ecological importance and pristine marine environment. Its governance and use as a military base exclude it from such designation. Statement 2 is incorrect. Diego Garcia’s primary function is military rather than supporting international trade. It serves as a logistics hub for naval and air operations rather than a commercial trade center. Statement 3 is incorrect. Incorrect Solution: c) Diego Garcia, located in the Indian Ocean, is a strategically significant island governed by the United Kingdom as part of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT). The island is leased to the United States for military purposes, making it a key base for U.S. operations in the Indian Ocean, Middle East, and South Asia. Statement 1 is incorrect, as there is no treaty involving the Maldives. The island is not recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite its ecological importance and pristine marine environment. Its governance and use as a military base exclude it from such designation. Statement 2 is incorrect. Diego Garcia’s primary function is military rather than supporting international trade. It serves as a logistics hub for naval and air operations rather than a commercial trade center. Statement 3 is incorrect.

#### 9. Question

Consider the following statements about Diego Garcia Island:

• It is governed under a special treaty between the U.S. and the Maldives.

• It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its ecological significance.

• The island’s primary function is to support international trade operations.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

Diego Garcia, located in the Indian Ocean, is a strategically significant island governed by the United Kingdom as part of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT). The island is leased to the United States for military purposes, making it a key base for U.S. operations in the Indian Ocean, Middle East, and South Asia. Statement 1 is incorrect, as there is no treaty involving the Maldives.

The island is not recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite its ecological importance and pristine marine environment. Its governance and use as a military base exclude it from such designation. Statement 2 is incorrect.

Diego Garcia’s primary function is military rather than supporting international trade. It serves as a logistics hub for naval and air operations rather than a commercial trade center. Statement 3 is incorrect.

Solution: c)

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points The India-Bangladesh border stretches across how many Indian states? a) Four b) Five c) Six d) Seven Correct Solution: b) The India-Bangladesh border is one of the longest international borders shared by India, stretching approximately 4,096 km. This border spans across five Indian states: West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Mizoram. West Bengal has the largest share of the border, playing a significant role in trade and cultural exchange between the two countries. Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Mizoram also share varying lengths of the border, with critical economic and security implications for the region. Incorrect Solution: b) The India-Bangladesh border is one of the longest international borders shared by India, stretching approximately 4,096 km. This border spans across five Indian states: West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Mizoram. West Bengal has the largest share of the border, playing a significant role in trade and cultural exchange between the two countries. Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Mizoram also share varying lengths of the border, with critical economic and security implications for the region.

#### 10. Question

The India-Bangladesh border stretches across how many Indian states?

Solution: b)

The India-Bangladesh border is one of the longest international borders shared by India, stretching approximately 4,096 km. This border spans across five Indian states: West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Mizoram.

West Bengal has the largest share of the border, playing a significant role in trade and cultural exchange between the two countries. Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Mizoram also share varying lengths of the border, with critical economic and security implications for the region.

Solution: b)

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