UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 19 June 2024

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Consider the following pairs[Ports: Nations]: Haifa port: UAE Jebel Ali port: Saudi Arabia Piraeus port: Israel How many of the above pairs is/are correctly matched? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Ans:(d) Explanation: Context: The Prime Minister met Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni at the G7 Summit to review their strategic partnership. They focused on the Indo-Pacific and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC). Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans:(d) Explanation: Context: The Prime Minister met Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni at the G7 Summit to review their strategic partnership. They focused on the Indo-Pacific and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC). Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 1. Question

Consider the following pairs[Ports: Nations]:

• Haifa port: UAE Jebel Ali port: Saudi Arabia Piraeus port: Israel

• Haifa port: UAE

• Jebel Ali port: Saudi Arabia

• Piraeus port: Israel

How many of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Explanation:

• Context: The Prime Minister met Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni at the G7 Summit to review their strategic partnership. They focused on the Indo-Pacific and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Consider the following countries: France Germany Switzerland Spain Austria How many of the above countries share the land border with Italy? (a) Only two (b) Only three (c) Only four (d) All five Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: The Prime Minister met Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni at the G7 Summit to review their strategic partnership. They focused on the Indo-Pacific and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC). Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: The Prime Minister met Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni at the G7 Summit to review their strategic partnership. They focused on the Indo-Pacific and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC). Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 2. Question

Consider the following countries:

• France Germany Switzerland Spain Austria

• Switzerland

How many of the above countries share the land border with Italy?

• (a) Only two

• (b) Only three

• (c) Only four

• (d) All five

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points The Kafala System is related to: (a) Environmental conservation practices in Middle Eastern countries (b) Labor sponsorship system in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries (c) Traditional agricultural methods in North Africa (d) Religious education in Southeast Asia Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: The article discusses the tragic death of 49 migrant workers in a fire in Kuwait, primarily caused by poor living conditions and employer negligence. It criticizes Kuwait’s inadequate enforcement of worker protections and the Kafala system, which leaves migrants vulnerable by limiting their rights. What is the Kafala System? The Kafala system is a sponsorship system used in some Middle Eastern countries, including Kuwait, to regulate the employment of migrant workers. Under this system, a migrant worker’s legal residence and work permits are tied to an individual employer or sponsor (Kafeel). This sponsor has significant control over the worker’s employment and residency status, often leading to situations of exploitation and abuse, as workers may find it challenging to change jobs or leave abusive employers without risking deportation. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: The article discusses the tragic death of 49 migrant workers in a fire in Kuwait, primarily caused by poor living conditions and employer negligence. It criticizes Kuwait’s inadequate enforcement of worker protections and the Kafala system, which leaves migrants vulnerable by limiting their rights. What is the Kafala System? The Kafala system is a sponsorship system used in some Middle Eastern countries, including Kuwait, to regulate the employment of migrant workers. Under this system, a migrant worker’s legal residence and work permits are tied to an individual employer or sponsor (Kafeel). This sponsor has significant control over the worker’s employment and residency status, often leading to situations of exploitation and abuse, as workers may find it challenging to change jobs or leave abusive employers without risking deportation. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 3. Question

The Kafala System is related to:

• (a) Environmental conservation practices in Middle Eastern countries

• (b) Labor sponsorship system in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries

• (c) Traditional agricultural methods in North Africa

• (d) Religious education in Southeast Asia

Explanation:

• Context: The article discusses the tragic death of 49 migrant workers in a fire in Kuwait, primarily caused by poor living conditions and employer negligence. It criticizes Kuwait’s inadequate enforcement of worker protections and the Kafala system, which leaves migrants vulnerable by limiting their rights.

• What is the Kafala System? The Kafala system is a sponsorship system used in some Middle Eastern countries, including Kuwait, to regulate the employment of migrant workers. Under this system, a migrant worker’s legal residence and work permits are tied to an individual employer or sponsor (Kafeel). This sponsor has significant control over the worker’s employment and residency status, often leading to situations of exploitation and abuse, as workers may find it challenging to change jobs or leave abusive employers without risking deportation.

• The Kafala system is a sponsorship system used in some Middle Eastern countries, including Kuwait, to regulate the employment of migrant workers. Under this system, a migrant worker’s legal residence and work permits are tied to an individual employer or sponsor (Kafeel). This sponsor has significant control over the worker’s employment and residency status, often leading to situations of exploitation and abuse, as workers may find it challenging to change jobs or leave abusive employers without risking deportation.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Which statement correctly differentiates between ‘Cess’ and ‘Surcharge’? (a) Cess and surcharge are both additional charges on tax payable, with no specific purpose. (b) Cess is used for specific purposes while surcharge is an additional charge on tax payable with no specific allocation requirement. (c) Both cess and surcharge are distributed between central and state governments. (d) Cess is retained by the central government while surcharge is distributed among the states. Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: The key difference between cess and surcharge is their purpose and utilization. Cess is collected for a specific purpose and can only be used for that purpose. Surcharge, on the other hand, is an extra charge on the tax payable and does not have any specific allocation requirement; it is used at the discretion of the central government. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: The key difference between cess and surcharge is their purpose and utilization. Cess is collected for a specific purpose and can only be used for that purpose. Surcharge, on the other hand, is an extra charge on the tax payable and does not have any specific allocation requirement; it is used at the discretion of the central government. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 4. Question

Which statement correctly differentiates between ‘Cess’ and ‘Surcharge’?

• (a) Cess and surcharge are both additional charges on tax payable, with no specific purpose.

• (b) Cess is used for specific purposes while surcharge is an additional charge on tax payable with no specific allocation requirement.

• (c) Both cess and surcharge are distributed between central and state governments.

• (d) Cess is retained by the central government while surcharge is distributed among the states.

Explanation:

• The key difference between cess and surcharge is their purpose and utilization. Cess is collected for a specific purpose and can only be used for that purpose. Surcharge, on the other hand, is an extra charge on the tax payable and does not have any specific allocation requirement; it is used at the discretion of the central government.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Which of the following statements about ‘Cess’ is correct? (a) Cess is a form of tax levied to meet specific purposes and can be used for any government expenditure. (b) Cess is collected as a separate tax in addition to existing taxes and must be used for its specific purpose only. (c) Cess is the same as a surcharge and is added to the income tax payable. (d) Cess can be distributed between the central and state governments. Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: Cess is a tax that is levied to generate funds for a specific purpose. It is collected in addition to the regular taxes and must be used exclusively for the purpose for which it was intended, such as education, health, etc. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: Cess is a tax that is levied to generate funds for a specific purpose. It is collected in addition to the regular taxes and must be used exclusively for the purpose for which it was intended, such as education, health, etc. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 5. Question

Which of the following statements about ‘Cess’ is correct?

• (a) Cess is a form of tax levied to meet specific purposes and can be used for any government expenditure.

• (b) Cess is collected as a separate tax in addition to existing taxes and must be used for its specific purpose only.

• (c) Cess is the same as a surcharge and is added to the income tax payable.

• (d) Cess can be distributed between the central and state governments.

Explanation:

• Cess is a tax that is levied to generate funds for a specific purpose. It is collected in addition to the regular taxes and must be used exclusively for the purpose for which it was intended, such as education, health, etc.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points Which of the following organisms is known for its bioluminescent properties? (a) Oak tree (b) Firefly (c) House cat (d) Goldfish Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: Animals have used bioluminescence for millions of years, but much about it remains a mystery. Scientists are exploring its origins and functions, particularly in deep-sea habitats like coral reefs. Fireflies are well-known for their bioluminescent properties, which they use to attract mates. The other options, such as oak trees, house cats, and goldfish, do not exhibit bioluminescence. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: Animals have used bioluminescence for millions of years, but much about it remains a mystery. Scientists are exploring its origins and functions, particularly in deep-sea habitats like coral reefs. Fireflies are well-known for their bioluminescent properties, which they use to attract mates. The other options, such as oak trees, house cats, and goldfish, do not exhibit bioluminescence. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 6. Question

Which of the following organisms is known for its bioluminescent properties?

• (a) Oak tree

• (b) Firefly

• (c) House cat

• (d) Goldfish

Explanation:

• Context: Animals have used bioluminescence for millions of years, but much about it remains a mystery. Scientists are exploring its origins and functions, particularly in deep-sea habitats like coral reefs.

• Fireflies are well-known for their bioluminescent properties, which they use to attract mates. The other options, such as oak trees, house cats, and goldfish, do not exhibit bioluminescence.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

• Fireflies are well-known for their bioluminescent properties, which they use to attract mates. The other options, such as oak trees, house cats, and goldfish, do not exhibit bioluminescence.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points What is the ecological role of bioluminescence in marine organisms? (a) Photosynthesis (b) Predation and defense (c) Respiration (d) Thermoregulation Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: Animals have used bioluminescence for millions of years, but much about it remains a mystery. Scientists are exploring its origins and functions, particularly in deep-sea habitats like coral reefs. In marine environments, bioluminescence plays crucial roles in predation (e.g., attracting prey) and defense (e.g., confusing predators). It is not related to photosynthesis, respiration, or thermoregulation. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: Animals have used bioluminescence for millions of years, but much about it remains a mystery. Scientists are exploring its origins and functions, particularly in deep-sea habitats like coral reefs. In marine environments, bioluminescence plays crucial roles in predation (e.g., attracting prey) and defense (e.g., confusing predators). It is not related to photosynthesis, respiration, or thermoregulation. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 7. Question

What is the ecological role of bioluminescence in marine organisms?

• (a) Photosynthesis

• (b) Predation and defense

• (c) Respiration

• (d) Thermoregulation

Explanation:

• In marine environments, bioluminescence plays crucial roles in predation (e.g., attracting prey) and defense (e.g., confusing predators). It is not related to photosynthesis, respiration, or thermoregulation.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points What is the primary chemical reaction that produces bioluminescence in organisms? (a) Photosynthesis (b) Fermentation (c) Chemiluminescence involving luciferin and luciferase (d) Oxidation of chlorophyll Correct Ans: (c) Explanation: Bioluminescence results from a chemical reaction where the enzyme luciferase catalyzes the oxidation of the molecule luciferin, producing light. This process is distinct from photosynthesis, fermentation, and the oxidation of chlorophyll. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (c) Explanation: Bioluminescence results from a chemical reaction where the enzyme luciferase catalyzes the oxidation of the molecule luciferin, producing light. This process is distinct from photosynthesis, fermentation, and the oxidation of chlorophyll. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 8. Question

What is the primary chemical reaction that produces bioluminescence in organisms?

• (a) Photosynthesis

• (b) Fermentation

• (c) Chemiluminescence involving luciferin and luciferase

• (d) Oxidation of chlorophyll

Explanation:

• Bioluminescence results from a chemical reaction where the enzyme luciferase catalyzes the oxidation of the molecule luciferin, producing light. This process is distinct from photosynthesis, fermentation, and the oxidation of chlorophyll.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Which of the following statements about “flesh-eating bacteria” is correct? (a) "Flesh-eating bacteria" refers specifically to a single type of bacteria that causes necrotizing fasciitis. (b) The term "flesh-eating bacteria" commonly refers to several types of bacteria, including Group A Streptococcus, that can cause severe tissue infections. (c) Flesh-eating bacteria only affect people with weakened immune systems. (d) Antibiotics are ineffective against infections caused by flesh-eating bacteria. Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: Content: The recent spread of “flesh-eating bacteria” in Japan, known as Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS), has health officials alarmed, with close to 1,000 cases reported nationwide. STSS is a severe illness caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. It triggers a rare, rapid and severe inflammatory response affecting multiple organs. Symptoms include fever, muscle pain, nausea, and organ failure. Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect the bacteria and organ function. Treatment includes strong antibiotics, fluids, and sometimes surgery. Early medical intervention is crucial for recovery and preventing complications or death from STSS. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: Content: The recent spread of “flesh-eating bacteria” in Japan, known as Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS), has health officials alarmed, with close to 1,000 cases reported nationwide. STSS is a severe illness caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. It triggers a rare, rapid and severe inflammatory response affecting multiple organs. Symptoms include fever, muscle pain, nausea, and organ failure. Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect the bacteria and organ function. Treatment includes strong antibiotics, fluids, and sometimes surgery. Early medical intervention is crucial for recovery and preventing complications or death from STSS. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 9. Question

Which of the following statements about “flesh-eating bacteria” is correct?

• (a) "Flesh-eating bacteria" refers specifically to a single type of bacteria that causes necrotizing fasciitis.

• (b) The term "flesh-eating bacteria" commonly refers to several types of bacteria, including Group A Streptococcus, that can cause severe tissue infections.

• (c) Flesh-eating bacteria only affect people with weakened immune systems.

• (d) Antibiotics are ineffective against infections caused by flesh-eating bacteria.

Explanation:

• Content: The recent spread of “flesh-eating bacteria” in Japan, known as Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS), has health officials alarmed, with close to 1,000 cases reported nationwide.

• STSS is a severe illness caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. It triggers a rare, rapid and severe inflammatory response affecting multiple organs. Symptoms include fever, muscle pain, nausea, and organ failure. Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect the bacteria and organ function. Treatment includes strong antibiotics, fluids, and sometimes surgery. Early medical intervention is crucial for recovery and preventing complications or death from STSS.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG): NMCG is the implementation wing of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA). The primary objective of NMCG is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and rejuvenation of the river Ganga. NMCG operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: S1 is Correct. NMCG is indeed the implementation wing of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA). S2 is Correct. The primary objective of NMCG is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and rejuvenation of the river Ganga. S3 is Incorrect. NMCG operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, not the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: S1 is Correct. NMCG is indeed the implementation wing of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA). S2 is Correct. The primary objective of NMCG is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and rejuvenation of the river Ganga. S3 is Incorrect. NMCG operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, not the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

#### 10. Question

Consider the following statements about the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG):

• NMCG is the implementation wing of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA). The primary objective of NMCG is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and rejuvenation of the river Ganga. NMCG operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

• NMCG is the implementation wing of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA).

• The primary objective of NMCG is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and rejuvenation of the river Ganga.

• NMCG operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• (c) All three

Explanation:

• S1 is Correct. NMCG is indeed the implementation wing of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA).

• S2 is Correct. The primary objective of NMCG is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and rejuvenation of the river Ganga.

• S3 is Incorrect. NMCG operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, not the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

Explanation:

• S1 is Correct. NMCG is indeed the implementation wing of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA).

• S2 is Correct. The primary objective of NMCG is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and rejuvenation of the river Ganga.

• S3 is Incorrect. NMCG operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, not the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/06/18/upsc-current-affairs-18-june-2024/

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