UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 19 August 2024

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points What is the primary purpose of the National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS) in India? a) To develop new pesticide formulations b) To promote organic farming c) To reduce farmers' reliance on pesticide retailers d) To increase pesticide sales Correct Solution: c) The National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS) is designed to reduce farmers’ dependence on pesticide retailers by fostering a scientific approach to pest management. It connects farmers with agricultural scientists, allowing them to upload photos of affected crops for expert analysis and accurate pest control advice. This system aims to ensure the correct use of pesticides, improve crop yields, and protect soil health, ultimately empowering farmers with knowledge-based decision-making in pest control. Incorrect Solution: c) The National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS) is designed to reduce farmers’ dependence on pesticide retailers by fostering a scientific approach to pest management. It connects farmers with agricultural scientists, allowing them to upload photos of affected crops for expert analysis and accurate pest control advice. This system aims to ensure the correct use of pesticides, improve crop yields, and protect soil health, ultimately empowering farmers with knowledge-based decision-making in pest control.

#### 1. Question

What is the primary purpose of the National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS) in India?

• a) To develop new pesticide formulations

• b) To promote organic farming

• c) To reduce farmers' reliance on pesticide retailers

• d) To increase pesticide sales

• Solution: c)

• The National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS) is designed to reduce farmers’ dependence on pesticide retailers by fostering a scientific approach to pest management.

• It connects farmers with agricultural scientists, allowing them to upload photos of affected crops for expert analysis and accurate pest control advice.

This system aims to ensure the correct use of pesticides, improve crop yields, and protect soil health, ultimately empowering farmers with knowledge-based decision-making in pest control.

• Solution: c)

• The National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS) is designed to reduce farmers’ dependence on pesticide retailers by fostering a scientific approach to pest management.

• It connects farmers with agricultural scientists, allowing them to upload photos of affected crops for expert analysis and accurate pest control advice.

This system aims to ensure the correct use of pesticides, improve crop yields, and protect soil health, ultimately empowering farmers with knowledge-based decision-making in pest control.

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Which of the following is NOT a threat faced by vultures in India? a) Habitat loss b) Food scarcity c) Harmful drugs like diclofenac d) Overpopulation Correct Solution: d) Overpopulation is not a threat faced by vultures in India. In fact, vulture populations have been declining dramatically in recent decades. The main threats to vultures in India include habitat loss, food scarcity, exposure to harmful veterinary drugs like diclofenac, and electrocution from power lines. These factors have contributed to the significant decrease in vulture numbers, making them a conservation priority. Overpopulation would imply an excess of vultures, which is contrary to the current conservation concerns for these birds. Incorrect Solution: d) Overpopulation is not a threat faced by vultures in India. In fact, vulture populations have been declining dramatically in recent decades. The main threats to vultures in India include habitat loss, food scarcity, exposure to harmful veterinary drugs like diclofenac, and electrocution from power lines. These factors have contributed to the significant decrease in vulture numbers, making them a conservation priority. Overpopulation would imply an excess of vultures, which is contrary to the current conservation concerns for these birds.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following is NOT a threat faced by vultures in India?

• a) Habitat loss

• b) Food scarcity

• c) Harmful drugs like diclofenac

• d) Overpopulation

• Solution: d)

• Overpopulation is not a threat faced by vultures in India. In fact, vulture populations have been declining dramatically in recent decades.

• The main threats to vultures in India include habitat loss, food scarcity, exposure to harmful veterinary drugs like diclofenac, and electrocution from power lines.

• These factors have contributed to the significant decrease in vulture numbers, making them a conservation priority.

• Overpopulation would imply an excess of vultures, which is contrary to the current conservation concerns for these birds.

• Solution: d)

• Overpopulation is not a threat faced by vultures in India. In fact, vulture populations have been declining dramatically in recent decades.

• The main threats to vultures in India include habitat loss, food scarcity, exposure to harmful veterinary drugs like diclofenac, and electrocution from power lines.

• These factors have contributed to the significant decrease in vulture numbers, making them a conservation priority.

• Overpopulation would imply an excess of vultures, which is contrary to the current conservation concerns for these birds.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding prokaryotes: Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus. Prokaryotes are divided into bacteria and archaea. Prokaryotes are typically large, multicellular organisms with complex structures. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Prokaryotes are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other organelles. They are divided into two groups: bacteria and archaea, each with unique evolutionary lineages. They are typically small and not multicellular, making statement 3 incorrect. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Prokaryotes are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other organelles. They are divided into two groups: bacteria and archaea, each with unique evolutionary lineages. They are typically small and not multicellular, making statement 3 incorrect.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding prokaryotes:

• Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus.

• Prokaryotes are divided into bacteria and archaea.

• Prokaryotes are typically large, multicellular organisms with complex structures.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Prokaryotes are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other organelles. They are divided into two groups: bacteria and archaea, each with unique evolutionary lineages. They are typically small and not multicellular, making statement 3 incorrect.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Which of the following is a correct finding from the study on microbial communities in microwave ovens? a) Microwave radiation kills all bacteria present in food and on surfaces. b) Microwave ovens are found to host diverse communities of microbes, including bacteria. c) Only harmful bacteria can survive in microwave ovens. d) No microbes can survive in the high temperatures of microwave ovens. Correct Solution: b) The study found that microwave ovens host diverse microbial communities, challenging the belief that microwave radiation kills all bacteria. In fact, bacteria like Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus were found to dominate these environments. Incorrect Solution: b) The study found that microwave ovens host diverse microbial communities, challenging the belief that microwave radiation kills all bacteria. In fact, bacteria like Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus were found to dominate these environments.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following is a correct finding from the study on microbial communities in microwave ovens?

• a) Microwave radiation kills all bacteria present in food and on surfaces.

• b) Microwave ovens are found to host diverse communities of microbes, including bacteria.

• c) Only harmful bacteria can survive in microwave ovens.

• d) No microbes can survive in the high temperatures of microwave ovens.

Solution: b)

The study found that microwave ovens host diverse microbial communities, challenging the belief that microwave radiation kills all bacteria. In fact, bacteria like Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus were found to dominate these environments.

Solution: b)

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the EOS-08 Earth Observation Satellite: EOS-08 was launched using the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)-D3. The satellite is designed for advanced infrared observation, GNSS-based remote sensing, and UV radiation monitoring. The SSLV is capable of carrying payloads up to 1000 kg. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: b) EOS-08 was successfully launched using SSLV-D3, featuring advanced payloads for infrared observation, GNSS-based remote sensing, and UV radiation monitoring. However, the SSLV is designed to carry payloads ranging from 10 to 500 kg, making statement 3 incorrect. Incorrect Solution: b) EOS-08 was successfully launched using SSLV-D3, featuring advanced payloads for infrared observation, GNSS-based remote sensing, and UV radiation monitoring. However, the SSLV is designed to carry payloads ranging from 10 to 500 kg, making statement 3 incorrect.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the EOS-08 Earth Observation Satellite:

• EOS-08 was launched using the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)-D3.

• The satellite is designed for advanced infrared observation, GNSS-based remote sensing, and UV radiation monitoring.

• The SSLV is capable of carrying payloads up to 1000 kg.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• b) 1 and 2 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: b)

EOS-08 was successfully launched using SSLV-D3, featuring advanced payloads for infrared observation, GNSS-based remote sensing, and UV radiation monitoring. However, the SSLV is designed to carry payloads ranging from 10 to 500 kg, making statement 3 incorrect.

Solution: b)

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points What is the primary aim of the Nandini Sahakar Yojana? a) To provide loans to all cooperative societies b) To promote agricultural cooperatives c) To assist women cooperatives in business model-based activities d) To offer subsidies to rural cooperatives Correct Solution: c) The Nandini Sahakar Yojana is designed to support women cooperatives in business model-based activities. It provides financial assistance, project formulation help, hand-holding, and capacity development to empower women-led cooperatives. This scheme aims to improve the socio-economic status of women by fostering entrepreneurial dynamism through cooperative structures. Incorrect Solution: c) The Nandini Sahakar Yojana is designed to support women cooperatives in business model-based activities. It provides financial assistance, project formulation help, hand-holding, and capacity development to empower women-led cooperatives. This scheme aims to improve the socio-economic status of women by fostering entrepreneurial dynamism through cooperative structures.

#### 6. Question

What is the primary aim of the Nandini Sahakar Yojana?

• a) To provide loans to all cooperative societies

• b) To promote agricultural cooperatives

• c) To assist women cooperatives in business model-based activities

• d) To offer subsidies to rural cooperatives

Solution: c)

The Nandini Sahakar Yojana is designed to support women cooperatives in business model-based activities. It provides financial assistance, project formulation help, hand-holding, and capacity development to empower women-led cooperatives.

This scheme aims to improve the socio-economic status of women by fostering entrepreneurial dynamism through cooperative structures.

Solution: c)

This scheme aims to improve the socio-economic status of women by fostering entrepreneurial dynamism through cooperative structures.

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Match the wetlands with their characteristics: COLUMN 1 1. Chilika Lake 2. Loktak Lake 3. Kanwar Lake 4. Vembanad Kole Wetland COLUMN 2 A. Located in Kerala B. First Indian Ramsar site C. Part of Central Asian Flyway D. Wetland of international importance Select the option with correct matching pairs below. 1. 1-B, 2-D, 3-C, 4-A 2. 1-C, 2-A, 3-D, 4-B 3. 1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C 4. 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D Correct Solution: a) Chilika Lake was the first Indian wetland designated as a Ramsar site in 1981. Loktak Lake is a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention. Kanwar Lake is part of the Central Asian Flyway. Vembanad Kole Wetland is located in Kerala. Incorrect Solution: a) Chilika Lake was the first Indian wetland designated as a Ramsar site in 1981. Loktak Lake is a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention. Kanwar Lake is part of the Central Asian Flyway. Vembanad Kole Wetland is located in Kerala.

#### 7. Question

Match the wetlands with their characteristics: COLUMN 1 1. Chilika Lake 2. Loktak Lake 3. Kanwar Lake 4. Vembanad Kole Wetland

COLUMN 2 A. Located in Kerala B. First Indian Ramsar site C. Part of Central Asian Flyway D. Wetland of international importance

Select the option with correct matching pairs below.

• 1. 1-B, 2-D, 3-C, 4-A

• 2. 1-C, 2-A, 3-D, 4-B

• 3. 1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C

• 4. 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D

• Solution: a)

Chilika Lake was the first Indian wetland designated as a Ramsar site in 1981. Loktak Lake is a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention. Kanwar Lake is part of the Central Asian Flyway. Vembanad Kole Wetland is located in Kerala.

• Solution: a)

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Which phenomenon describes the movement of tropical marine species towards the poles due to rising sea temperatures? a) Tropicalisation b) Ocean fertilization c) Polar amplification d) Marine heatwaves Correct Solution: a) Tropicalisation is the term used to describe the mass movement of marine life where tropical marine species move from the equator towards the poles due to rising sea temperatures caused by climate change. This phenomenon is a direct consequence of global warming and its impact on ocean ecosystems. As waters warm, species adapted to tropical conditions extend their range towards higher latitudes, while temperate species retreat. This shift can have profound effects on marine ecosystems, altering food webs, species interactions, and potentially impacting fisheries and coastal economies. Tropicalisation is a clear indicator of the far-reaching consequences of climate change on marine biodiversity and highlights the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate and adapt to these changes in our oceans. Incorrect Solution: a) Tropicalisation is the term used to describe the mass movement of marine life where tropical marine species move from the equator towards the poles due to rising sea temperatures caused by climate change. This phenomenon is a direct consequence of global warming and its impact on ocean ecosystems. As waters warm, species adapted to tropical conditions extend their range towards higher latitudes, while temperate species retreat. This shift can have profound effects on marine ecosystems, altering food webs, species interactions, and potentially impacting fisheries and coastal economies. Tropicalisation is a clear indicator of the far-reaching consequences of climate change on marine biodiversity and highlights the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate and adapt to these changes in our oceans.

#### 8. Question

Which phenomenon describes the movement of tropical marine species towards the poles due to rising sea temperatures?

• a) Tropicalisation

• b) Ocean fertilization

• c) Polar amplification

• d) Marine heatwaves

• Solution: a)

• Tropicalisation is the term used to describe the mass movement of marine life where tropical marine species move from the equator towards the poles due to rising sea temperatures caused by climate change. This phenomenon is a direct consequence of global warming and its impact on ocean ecosystems.

• As waters warm, species adapted to tropical conditions extend their range towards higher latitudes, while temperate species retreat. This shift can have profound effects on marine ecosystems, altering food webs, species interactions, and potentially impacting fisheries and coastal economies.

Tropicalisation is a clear indicator of the far-reaching consequences of climate change on marine biodiversity and highlights the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate and adapt to these changes in our oceans.

• Solution: a)

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Match the climate change effects with their corresponding impacts on marine ecosystems: COLUMN 1 1. Coral Bleaching 2. Prokaryote Dominance 3. Ocean Fertilization 4. Sedimentation COLUMN 2 A. Hinders photosynthesis of symbiotic algae in corals B. Increases population of carbon-absorbing plankton C. Results from expulsion of symbiotic algae from corals D. May reduce fish populations and carbon absorption Select the option with correct matching pairs below. a) 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B b) 1-A, 2-B, 3-D, 4-C c) 1-C, 2-D, 3-B, 4-A d) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D Correct Solution: c) Coral Bleaching results from the expulsion of symbiotic algae from corals. Prokaryote Dominance may reduce fish populations and the ocean’s ability to absorb carbon. Ocean Fertilization involves increasing the population of carbon-absorbing plankton. Sedimentation hinders photosynthesis of symbiotic algae in corals. Incorrect Solution: c) Coral Bleaching results from the expulsion of symbiotic algae from corals. Prokaryote Dominance may reduce fish populations and the ocean’s ability to absorb carbon. Ocean Fertilization involves increasing the population of carbon-absorbing plankton. Sedimentation hinders photosynthesis of symbiotic algae in corals.

#### 9. Question

Match the climate change effects with their corresponding impacts on marine ecosystems: COLUMN 1 1. Coral Bleaching 2. Prokaryote Dominance 3. Ocean Fertilization 4. Sedimentation

COLUMN 2 A. Hinders photosynthesis of symbiotic algae in corals B. Increases population of carbon-absorbing plankton C. Results from expulsion of symbiotic algae from corals D. May reduce fish populations and carbon absorption

Select the option with correct matching pairs below.

• a) 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B

• b) 1-A, 2-B, 3-D, 4-C

• c) 1-C, 2-D, 3-B, 4-A

• d) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D

• Solution: c)

• Coral Bleaching results from the expulsion of symbiotic algae from corals.

• Prokaryote Dominance may reduce fish populations and the ocean’s ability to absorb carbon.

• Ocean Fertilization involves increasing the population of carbon-absorbing plankton.

Sedimentation hinders photosynthesis of symbiotic algae in corals.

• Solution: c)

• Coral Bleaching results from the expulsion of symbiotic algae from corals.

• Prokaryote Dominance may reduce fish populations and the ocean’s ability to absorb carbon.

• Ocean Fertilization involves increasing the population of carbon-absorbing plankton.

Sedimentation hinders photosynthesis of symbiotic algae in corals.

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Nandini Sahakar Yojana: The scheme offers financial assistance with no minimum or maximum limit. It is exclusively available to cooperatives registered under the Companies Act. The scheme includes a component for capacity development and project formulation. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: b) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The Nandini Sahakar Yojana offers financial assistance with no minimum or maximum limit, and it includes components like capacity development and project formulation. Statement 2 is incorrect because the scheme is not limited to cooperatives registered under the Companies Act; it is available to cooperatives registered under State or Central Acts. Incorrect Solution: b) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The Nandini Sahakar Yojana offers financial assistance with no minimum or maximum limit, and it includes components like capacity development and project formulation. Statement 2 is incorrect because the scheme is not limited to cooperatives registered under the Companies Act; it is available to cooperatives registered under State or Central Acts.

#### 10. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Nandini Sahakar Yojana:

• The scheme offers financial assistance with no minimum or maximum limit.

• It is exclusively available to cooperatives registered under the Companies Act.

• The scheme includes a component for capacity development and project formulation.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: b)

Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The Nandini Sahakar Yojana offers financial assistance with no minimum or maximum limit, and it includes components like capacity development and project formulation.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the scheme is not limited to cooperatives registered under the Companies Act; it is available to cooperatives registered under State or Central Acts.

Solution: b)

Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The Nandini Sahakar Yojana offers financial assistance with no minimum or maximum limit, and it includes components like capacity development and project formulation.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the scheme is not limited to cooperatives registered under the Companies Act; it is available to cooperatives registered under State or Central Acts.

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