UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 14 September 2024

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about Florence Nightingale: Florence Nightingale was a social reformer and the founder of modern nursing. She gained recognition for organizing care during the First World War. Florence Nightingale established the first scientifically-based nursing school in London. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: c) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Florence Nightingale was an English social reformer and the founder of modern nursing. She gained recognition during the Crimean War (not the First World War) for organizing care for wounded soldiers. After the war, she established the first scientifically-based nursing school at St. Thomas’ Hospital in London, which laid the foundation for modern nursing education. Therefore, statement 2 is incorrect. Incorrect Solution: c) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Florence Nightingale was an English social reformer and the founder of modern nursing. She gained recognition during the Crimean War (not the First World War) for organizing care for wounded soldiers. After the war, she established the first scientifically-based nursing school at St. Thomas’ Hospital in London, which laid the foundation for modern nursing education. Therefore, statement 2 is incorrect.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about Florence Nightingale:

• Florence Nightingale was a social reformer and the founder of modern nursing.

• She gained recognition for organizing care during the First World War.

• Florence Nightingale established the first scientifically-based nursing school in London.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 2 and 3 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: c)

Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Florence Nightingale was an English social reformer and the founder of modern nursing. She gained recognition during the Crimean War (not the First World War) for organizing care for wounded soldiers. After the war, she established the first scientifically-based nursing school at St. Thomas’ Hospital in London, which laid the foundation for modern nursing education. Therefore, statement 2 is incorrect.

Solution: c)

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points Which of the following is a key feature of the PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-Drive) Scheme? a) The scheme aims to promote electric buses for public transport in major cities. b) Subsidies for the purchase of electric vehicles will be implemented by the Ministry of Renewable Energy. c) The scheme provides no financial support for the development of EV charging infrastructure. d) Only private electric vehicle buyers will benefit from the scheme. Correct Solution: a) The PM E-Drive Scheme focuses on promoting the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and provides financial support to public transport agencies for procuring 14,028 e-buses in nine major cities. The demand aggregation is handled by Convergence Energy Services Limited (CESL). In addition to supporting electric buses, the scheme includes funds for fast chargers, electric trucks, and the modernization of EV testing agencies. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries, not the Ministry of Renewable Energy. The scheme also supports charging infrastructure and involves subsidies for both buyers and manufacturers, not just private buyers. Incorrect Solution: a) The PM E-Drive Scheme focuses on promoting the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and provides financial support to public transport agencies for procuring 14,028 e-buses in nine major cities. The demand aggregation is handled by Convergence Energy Services Limited (CESL). In addition to supporting electric buses, the scheme includes funds for fast chargers, electric trucks, and the modernization of EV testing agencies. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries, not the Ministry of Renewable Energy. The scheme also supports charging infrastructure and involves subsidies for both buyers and manufacturers, not just private buyers.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following is a key feature of the PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-Drive) Scheme?

• a) The scheme aims to promote electric buses for public transport in major cities.

• b) Subsidies for the purchase of electric vehicles will be implemented by the Ministry of Renewable Energy.

• c) The scheme provides no financial support for the development of EV charging infrastructure.

• d) Only private electric vehicle buyers will benefit from the scheme.

Solution: a)

The PM E-Drive Scheme focuses on promoting the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and provides financial support to public transport agencies for procuring 14,028 e-buses in nine major cities. The demand aggregation is handled by Convergence Energy Services Limited (CESL). In addition to supporting electric buses, the scheme includes funds for fast chargers, electric trucks, and the modernization of EV testing agencies. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries, not the Ministry of Renewable Energy. The scheme also supports charging infrastructure and involves subsidies for both buyers and manufacturers, not just private buyers.

Solution: a)

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Which of the following is a key feature of the PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-Drive) Scheme? a) The scheme aims to promote electric buses for public transport in major cities. b) Subsidies for the purchase of electric vehicles will be implemented by the Ministry of Renewable Energy. c) The scheme provides no financial support for the development of EV charging infrastructure. d) Only private electric vehicle buyers will benefit from the scheme. Correct Solution: a) The PM E-Drive Scheme focuses on promoting the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and provides financial support to public transport agencies for procuring 14,028 e-buses in nine major cities. The demand aggregation is handled by Convergence Energy Services Limited (CESL). In addition to supporting electric buses, the scheme includes funds for fast chargers, electric trucks, and the modernization of EV testing agencies. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries, not the Ministry of Renewable Energy. The scheme also supports charging infrastructure and involves subsidies for both buyers and manufacturers, not just private buyers. Incorrect Solution: a) The PM E-Drive Scheme focuses on promoting the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and provides financial support to public transport agencies for procuring 14,028 e-buses in nine major cities. The demand aggregation is handled by Convergence Energy Services Limited (CESL). In addition to supporting electric buses, the scheme includes funds for fast chargers, electric trucks, and the modernization of EV testing agencies. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries, not the Ministry of Renewable Energy. The scheme also supports charging infrastructure and involves subsidies for both buyers and manufacturers, not just private buyers.

#### 3. Question

Which of the following is a key feature of the PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-Drive) Scheme?

• a) The scheme aims to promote electric buses for public transport in major cities.

• b) Subsidies for the purchase of electric vehicles will be implemented by the Ministry of Renewable Energy.

• c) The scheme provides no financial support for the development of EV charging infrastructure.

• d) Only private electric vehicle buyers will benefit from the scheme.

Solution: a)

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Which of the following is a key ecological benefit of Myristica swamp forests, such as the one recently discovered near the Goa-Maharashtra border? a) They serve as important agricultural lands for crop cultivation. b) They contribute to groundwater recharge and flood mitigation. c) They promote the spread of invasive species in the Western Ghats. d) They deplete soil nutrients, making the land unsuitable for plant growth. Correct Solution: b) Myristica swamp forests play a critical role in groundwater recharge, carbon sequestration, and flood mitigation. These ecosystems act as natural sponges, absorbing and storing water, which helps in maintaining the water table and mitigating floods. Additionally, the trees in these swamps, such as Myristica magnifica, are vital for carbon sequestration, which helps combat climate change. These forests are not used for agriculture and do not promote invasive species or deplete soil nutrients. Incorrect Solution: b) Myristica swamp forests play a critical role in groundwater recharge, carbon sequestration, and flood mitigation. These ecosystems act as natural sponges, absorbing and storing water, which helps in maintaining the water table and mitigating floods. Additionally, the trees in these swamps, such as Myristica magnifica, are vital for carbon sequestration, which helps combat climate change. These forests are not used for agriculture and do not promote invasive species or deplete soil nutrients.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following is a key ecological benefit of Myristica swamp forests, such as the one recently discovered near the Goa-Maharashtra border?

• a) They serve as important agricultural lands for crop cultivation.

• b) They contribute to groundwater recharge and flood mitigation.

• c) They promote the spread of invasive species in the Western Ghats.

• d) They deplete soil nutrients, making the land unsuitable for plant growth.

Solution: b)

Myristica swamp forests play a critical role in groundwater recharge, carbon sequestration, and flood mitigation. These ecosystems act as natural sponges, absorbing and storing water, which helps in maintaining the water table and mitigating floods. Additionally, the trees in these swamps, such as Myristica magnifica, are vital for carbon sequestration, which helps combat climate change. These forests are not used for agriculture and do not promote invasive species or deplete soil nutrients.

Solution: b)

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points What is the primary objective of the ONDC Saarthi app launched in collaboration with Bhashini? a) To provide real-time multilingual support for businesses and customers b) To promote digital payments exclusively in rural areas c) To develop blockchain infrastructure for e-commerce d) None of the e above Correct Solution: a) The ONDC Saarthi app aims to enhance accessibility by enabling businesses to create multilingual buyer applications. It leverages real-time translation, transliteration, and voice recognition features, supporting languages like Hindi, English, Marathi, Bangla, and Tamil initially. The app helps businesses overcome language barriers, expand their market reach, and tap into new regions, particularly underserved areas. The app is a part of ONDC’s broader goal to democratize e-commerce across India. Therefore, the focus is on multilingual support, not on digital payments or blockchain infrastructure. Incorrect Solution: a) The ONDC Saarthi app aims to enhance accessibility by enabling businesses to create multilingual buyer applications. It leverages real-time translation, transliteration, and voice recognition features, supporting languages like Hindi, English, Marathi, Bangla, and Tamil initially. The app helps businesses overcome language barriers, expand their market reach, and tap into new regions, particularly underserved areas. The app is a part of ONDC’s broader goal to democratize e-commerce across India. Therefore, the focus is on multilingual support, not on digital payments or blockchain infrastructure.

#### 5. Question

What is the primary objective of the ONDC Saarthi app launched in collaboration with Bhashini?

• a) To provide real-time multilingual support for businesses and customers

• b) To promote digital payments exclusively in rural areas

• c) To develop blockchain infrastructure for e-commerce

• d) None of the e above

Solution: a)

The ONDC Saarthi app aims to enhance accessibility by enabling businesses to create multilingual buyer applications. It leverages real-time translation, transliteration, and voice recognition features, supporting languages like Hindi, English, Marathi, Bangla, and Tamil initially. The app helps businesses overcome language barriers, expand their market reach, and tap into new regions, particularly underserved areas. The app is a part of ONDC’s broader goal to democratize e-commerce across India. Therefore, the focus is on multilingual support, not on digital payments or blockchain infrastructure.

Solution: a)

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points Which of the following is a key environmental threat currently facing the Bhadra Tiger Reserve (BTR)? a) Deforestation due to illegal logging b) The rapid spread of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha c) Extensive mining activities within the reserve d) Poaching of tigers on a large scale Correct Solution: b) The primary environmental threat facing the Bhadra Tiger Reserve (BTR) is the rapid spread of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha, also known as the “mile-a-minute” vine. This invasive species has spread across 10%-15% of the reserve, posing a significant biodiversity threat by smothering native plants and disrupting the natural ecosystem. Similar damage has been reported in other reserves such as Chitwan in Nepal and Valmiki in Bihar. While deforestation, poaching, and mining can also threaten biodiversity, the immediate and specific concern in BTR is the impact of Mikania micrantha. Incorrect Solution: b) The primary environmental threat facing the Bhadra Tiger Reserve (BTR) is the rapid spread of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha, also known as the “mile-a-minute” vine. This invasive species has spread across 10%-15% of the reserve, posing a significant biodiversity threat by smothering native plants and disrupting the natural ecosystem. Similar damage has been reported in other reserves such as Chitwan in Nepal and Valmiki in Bihar. While deforestation, poaching, and mining can also threaten biodiversity, the immediate and specific concern in BTR is the impact of Mikania micrantha.

#### 6. Question

Which of the following is a key environmental threat currently facing the Bhadra Tiger Reserve (BTR)?

• a) Deforestation due to illegal logging

• b) The rapid spread of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha

• c) Extensive mining activities within the reserve

• d) Poaching of tigers on a large scale

Solution: b)

The primary environmental threat facing the Bhadra Tiger Reserve (BTR) is the rapid spread of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha, also known as the “mile-a-minute” vine. This invasive species has spread across 10%-15% of the reserve, posing a significant biodiversity threat by smothering native plants and disrupting the natural ecosystem. Similar damage has been reported in other reserves such as Chitwan in Nepal and Valmiki in Bihar. While deforestation, poaching, and mining can also threaten biodiversity, the immediate and specific concern in BTR is the impact of Mikania micrantha.

Solution: b)

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about salt pan lands: Salt pan lands are formed through the evaporation of water, leaving behind salt and mineral deposits. Salt pan lands are exclusively found in desert environments. Coastal salt pans are formed by the evaporation of seawater in shallow basins. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Salt pan lands are formed through the evaporation of water in arid or semi-arid regions, leaving behind deposits of salt and other minerals. Coastal salt pans occur when seawater evaporates in shallow basins, leaving behind salt deposits. However, statement 2 is incorrect as salt pan lands are not exclusively found in desert environments; they can also form in coastal areas. Therefore, the correct answer is b), as statements 1 and 3 are accurate, while statement 2 is not. Incorrect Solution: b) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Salt pan lands are formed through the evaporation of water in arid or semi-arid regions, leaving behind deposits of salt and other minerals. Coastal salt pans occur when seawater evaporates in shallow basins, leaving behind salt deposits. However, statement 2 is incorrect as salt pan lands are not exclusively found in desert environments; they can also form in coastal areas. Therefore, the correct answer is b), as statements 1 and 3 are accurate, while statement 2 is not.

#### 7. Question

Consider the following statements about salt pan lands:

• Salt pan lands are formed through the evaporation of water, leaving behind salt and mineral deposits.

• Salt pan lands are exclusively found in desert environments.

• Coastal salt pans are formed by the evaporation of seawater in shallow basins.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Salt pan lands are formed through the evaporation of water in arid or semi-arid regions, leaving behind deposits of salt and other minerals. Coastal salt pans occur when seawater evaporates in shallow basins, leaving behind salt deposits.

However, statement 2 is incorrect as salt pan lands are not exclusively found in desert environments; they can also form in coastal areas. Therefore, the correct answer is b), as statements 1 and 3 are accurate, while statement 2 is not.

Solution: b)

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the PM E-Drive Scheme: The scheme exclusively focuses on promoting electric vehicles for personal use. The Ministry of Renewable Energy is responsible for implementing the PM E-Drive Scheme. The scheme does not provide any financial support for developing charging infrastructure. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: d) All statements are incorrect. The PM E-Drive Scheme is not limited to promoting electric vehicles for personal use; it also provides significant support for public transport through the procurement of 14,028 e-buses. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries, not the Ministry of Renewable Energy. Furthermore, the scheme includes funding for the development of fast chargers and other infrastructure necessary for electric vehicles. Incorrect Solution: d) All statements are incorrect. The PM E-Drive Scheme is not limited to promoting electric vehicles for personal use; it also provides significant support for public transport through the procurement of 14,028 e-buses. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries, not the Ministry of Renewable Energy. Furthermore, the scheme includes funding for the development of fast chargers and other infrastructure necessary for electric vehicles.

#### 8. Question

Consider the following statements about the PM E-Drive Scheme:

• The scheme exclusively focuses on promoting electric vehicles for personal use.

• The Ministry of Renewable Energy is responsible for implementing the PM E-Drive Scheme.

• The scheme does not provide any financial support for developing charging infrastructure.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: d)

All statements are incorrect. The PM E-Drive Scheme is not limited to promoting electric vehicles for personal use; it also provides significant support for public transport through the procurement of 14,028 e-buses. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries, not the Ministry of Renewable Energy. Furthermore, the scheme includes funding for the development of fast chargers and other infrastructure necessary for electric vehicles.

Solution: d)

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Which of the following organizations plays a key role in the implementation of Mission Mausam? a) National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) b) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) c) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) d) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) Correct Solution: a) The National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) is one of the key institutes under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) responsible for implementing Mission Mausam. Along with IMD (India Meteorological Department) and the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, NCMRWF will work on enhancing weather and climate prediction capabilities. The mission also involves improving atmospheric observation stations and research facilities, which are crucial for better weather and climate forecasting. The Ministry of Earth Sciences is leading this initiative, not the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change or ISRO. Incorrect Solution: a) The National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) is one of the key institutes under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) responsible for implementing Mission Mausam. Along with IMD (India Meteorological Department) and the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, NCMRWF will work on enhancing weather and climate prediction capabilities. The mission also involves improving atmospheric observation stations and research facilities, which are crucial for better weather and climate forecasting. The Ministry of Earth Sciences is leading this initiative, not the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change or ISRO.

#### 9. Question

Which of the following organizations plays a key role in the implementation of Mission Mausam?

• a) National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF)

• b) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)

• c) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)

• d) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE)

Solution: a)

The National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) is one of the key institutes under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) responsible for implementing Mission Mausam. Along with IMD (India Meteorological Department) and the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, NCMRWF will work on enhancing weather and climate prediction capabilities. The mission also involves improving atmospheric observation stations and research facilities, which are crucial for better weather and climate forecasting. The Ministry of Earth Sciences is leading this initiative, not the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change or ISRO.

Solution: a)

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Myristica swamp forest and its conservation: The forest is primarily a source of commercial timber and firewood for local communities. The sacred grove within the forest has been protected mainly for religious reasons, with no environmental benefits. The discovery of this forest has led to its immediate commercialization for tourism purposes. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) None of the above Correct Solution: d) All the statements are incorrect. Statement 1 is wrong because the Myristica swamp forest is not used for commercial timber or firewood; it is a highly protected ecosystem due to its ecological and cultural significance. Statement 2 is also incorrect because the forest provides essential environmental benefits such as groundwater recharge, flood mitigation, and carbon sequestration, in addition to its religious importance. Statement 3 is incorrect because there has been no immediate commercialization for tourism; instead, the discovery has highlighted the need for stronger conservation efforts. Incorrect Solution: d) All the statements are incorrect. Statement 1 is wrong because the Myristica swamp forest is not used for commercial timber or firewood; it is a highly protected ecosystem due to its ecological and cultural significance. Statement 2 is also incorrect because the forest provides essential environmental benefits such as groundwater recharge, flood mitigation, and carbon sequestration, in addition to its religious importance. Statement 3 is incorrect because there has been no immediate commercialization for tourism; instead, the discovery has highlighted the need for stronger conservation efforts.

#### 10. Question

Consider the following statements about the Myristica swamp forest and its conservation:

• The forest is primarily a source of commercial timber and firewood for local communities.

• The sacred grove within the forest has been protected mainly for religious reasons, with no environmental benefits.

• The discovery of this forest has led to its immediate commercialization for tourism purposes.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 2 and 3 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) None of the above

Solution: d)

All the statements are incorrect. Statement 1 is wrong because the Myristica swamp forest is not used for commercial timber or firewood; it is a highly protected ecosystem due to its ecological and cultural significance.

Statement 2 is also incorrect because the forest provides essential environmental benefits such as groundwater recharge, flood mitigation, and carbon sequestration, in addition to its religious importance.

Statement 3 is incorrect because there has been no immediate commercialization for tourism; instead, the discovery has highlighted the need for stronger conservation efforts.

Solution: d)

Statement 3 is incorrect because there has been no immediate commercialization for tourism; instead, the discovery has highlighted the need for stronger conservation efforts.

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