UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 1 September 2025

The Current Affairs Quiz 2024 is a daily quiz based on the DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS AND PIB SUMMARY from the previous day, as posted on our website. It covers all relevant news sources and is designed to test your knowledge of current events. Solving these questions will help you retain both concepts and facts relevant to the UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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• Question 1 of 10 1. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Guru Tegh Bahadur: He was the ninth Sikh Guru and was born in Amritsar. He founded the city of Anandpur Sahib, a significant spiritual centre for Sikhs. His hymns are included in the Guru Granth Sahib. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: C Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth of the ten Sikh Gurus, was born in Amritsar in 1621. He was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind. His teachings and hymns are a part of the holy scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib. A significant contribution of Guru Tegh Bahadur was the founding of the city of Anandpur Sahib in the foothills of the Himalayas. This city later became a major center for Sikhism, where his son, Guru Gobind Singh, established the Khalsa Panth. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s life was a testament to his commitment to religious freedom and human rights. He stood against the forced conversions of Kashmiri Pandits by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, for which he was martyred in Delhi in 1675. His martyrdom is a pivotal event in Sikh history, symbolizing the ultimate sacrifice for the freedom of conscience and the right to practice one’s faith without coercion. He is reverently remembered as ‘Hind di Chadar’ or the ‘Protector of India’. Incorrect Solution: C Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth of the ten Sikh Gurus, was born in Amritsar in 1621. He was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind. His teachings and hymns are a part of the holy scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib. A significant contribution of Guru Tegh Bahadur was the founding of the city of Anandpur Sahib in the foothills of the Himalayas. This city later became a major center for Sikhism, where his son, Guru Gobind Singh, established the Khalsa Panth. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s life was a testament to his commitment to religious freedom and human rights. He stood against the forced conversions of Kashmiri Pandits by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, for which he was martyred in Delhi in 1675. His martyrdom is a pivotal event in Sikh history, symbolizing the ultimate sacrifice for the freedom of conscience and the right to practice one’s faith without coercion. He is reverently remembered as ‘Hind di Chadar’ or the ‘Protector of India’.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Guru Tegh Bahadur:

• He was the ninth Sikh Guru and was born in Amritsar.

• He founded the city of Anandpur Sahib, a significant spiritual centre for Sikhs.

• His hymns are included in the Guru Granth Sahib.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: C

• Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth of the ten Sikh Gurus, was born in Amritsar in 1621. He was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind. His teachings and hymns are a part of the holy scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib.

• A significant contribution of Guru Tegh Bahadur was the founding of the city of Anandpur Sahib in the foothills of the Himalayas. This city later became a major center for Sikhism, where his son, Guru Gobind Singh, established the Khalsa Panth. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s life was a testament to his commitment to religious freedom and human rights.

He stood against the forced conversions of Kashmiri Pandits by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, for which he was martyred in Delhi in 1675. His martyrdom is a pivotal event in Sikh history, symbolizing the ultimate sacrifice for the freedom of conscience and the right to practice one’s faith without coercion. He is reverently remembered as ‘Hind di Chadar’ or the ‘Protector of India’.

Solution: C

• Question 2 of 10 2. Question 1 points With reference to the State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) 2024, consider the following statements: It is a biennial index released by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) in collaboration with the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE). The index categorizes states into four groups: Front Runners, Achievers, Contenders, and Aspirants. All 36 states and Union Territories have prepared their State Energy Efficiency Action Plans (SEEAPs). How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is incorrect. The State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) is a collaborative effort between the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) and the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE), but it is released annually, not biennially. The 2024 edition is the sixth one since its inception in 2018. The primary purpose of the SEEI is to foster a competitive environment among states to drive improvements in energy efficiency. It achieves this by tracking the performance of states and UTs across 66 indicators spanning seven sectors: buildings, industry, transport, agriculture, DISCOMs, municipal services, and cross-sector initiatives. The performance categorization into Front Runners (>60%), Achievers (50–60%), Contenders (30–50%), and Aspirants (<30%) helps in benchmarking and identifying areas for improvement. A significant achievement highlighted in the 2024 report is that all 36 states and UTs have developed State Energy Efficiency Action Plans (SEEAPs), indicating a nationwide commitment to energy efficiency. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is incorrect. The State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) is a collaborative effort between the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) and the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE), but it is released annually, not biennially. The 2024 edition is the sixth one since its inception in 2018. The primary purpose of the SEEI is to foster a competitive environment among states to drive improvements in energy efficiency. It achieves this by tracking the performance of states and UTs across 66 indicators spanning seven sectors: buildings, industry, transport, agriculture, DISCOMs, municipal services, and cross-sector initiatives. The performance categorization into Front Runners (>60%), Achievers (50–60%), Contenders (30–50%), and Aspirants (<30%) helps in benchmarking and identifying areas for improvement. A significant achievement highlighted in the 2024 report is that all 36 states and UTs have developed State Energy Efficiency Action Plans (SEEAPs), indicating a nationwide commitment to energy efficiency.

#### 2. Question

With reference to the State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) 2024, consider the following statements:

• It is a biennial index released by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) in collaboration with the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE).

• The index categorizes states into four groups: Front Runners, Achievers, Contenders, and Aspirants.

• All 36 states and Union Territories have prepared their State Energy Efficiency Action Plans (SEEAPs).

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) is a collaborative effort between the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) and the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE), but it is released annually, not biennially. The 2024 edition is the sixth one since its inception in 2018.

• The primary purpose of the SEEI is to foster a competitive environment among states to drive improvements in energy efficiency. It achieves this by tracking the performance of states and UTs across 66 indicators spanning seven sectors: buildings, industry, transport, agriculture, DISCOMs, municipal services, and cross-sector initiatives.

• The performance categorization into Front Runners (>60%), Achievers (50–60%), Contenders (30–50%), and Aspirants (<30%) helps in benchmarking and identifying areas for improvement.

• A significant achievement highlighted in the 2024 report is that all 36 states and UTs have developed State Energy Efficiency Action Plans (SEEAPs), indicating a nationwide commitment to energy efficiency.

Solution: B

• The performance categorization into Front Runners (>60%), Achievers (50–60%), Contenders (30–50%), and Aspirants (<30%) helps in benchmarking and identifying areas for improvement.

• Question 3 of 10 3. Question 1 points Regarding the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), consider the following statements: It is a regional intergovernmental organization that evolved from the ‘Shanghai Five’ grouping. The SCO’s headquarters is located in Shanghai, China. India and Pakistan were granted full membership in the SCO simultaneously. The SCO’s objectives include promoting a unipolar world order. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is correct. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was established in 2001, evolving from the ‘Shanghai Five’ mechanism which was formed in 1996 and comprised China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. Statement 2 is incorrect. The headquarters of the SCO is in Beijing, China, not Shanghai. The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS), a permanent body of the SCO, is headquartered in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Statement 3 is correct. India and Pakistan were admitted as full members of the SCO during the Astana summit in Kazakhstan in June 2017. Statement 4 is incorrect. The SCO explicitly upholds the principle of multipolarity and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries. It aims to foster a more democratic and equitable international order, which is contrary to the idea of a unipolar world. The organization’s core objectives are to strengthen mutual trust and neighborliness among the member states; promote their effective cooperation in politics, trade, the economy, research, technology and culture, as well as in education, energy, transport, tourism, environmental protection, and other areas; and make joint efforts to maintain and ensure peace, security and stability in the region. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is correct. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was established in 2001, evolving from the ‘Shanghai Five’ mechanism which was formed in 1996 and comprised China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. Statement 2 is incorrect. The headquarters of the SCO is in Beijing, China, not Shanghai. The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS), a permanent body of the SCO, is headquartered in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Statement 3 is correct. India and Pakistan were admitted as full members of the SCO during the Astana summit in Kazakhstan in June 2017. Statement 4 is incorrect. The SCO explicitly upholds the principle of multipolarity and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries. It aims to foster a more democratic and equitable international order, which is contrary to the idea of a unipolar world. The organization’s core objectives are to strengthen mutual trust and neighborliness among the member states; promote their effective cooperation in politics, trade, the economy, research, technology and culture, as well as in education, energy, transport, tourism, environmental protection, and other areas; and make joint efforts to maintain and ensure peace, security and stability in the region.

#### 3. Question

Regarding the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), consider the following statements:

• It is a regional intergovernmental organization that evolved from the ‘Shanghai Five’ grouping.

• The SCO’s headquarters is located in Shanghai, China.

• India and Pakistan were granted full membership in the SCO simultaneously.

• The SCO’s objectives include promoting a unipolar world order.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is correct. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was established in 2001, evolving from the ‘Shanghai Five’ mechanism which was formed in 1996 and comprised China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. The headquarters of the SCO is in Beijing, China, not Shanghai. The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS), a permanent body of the SCO, is headquartered in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

• Statement 3 is correct. India and Pakistan were admitted as full members of the SCO during the Astana summit in Kazakhstan in June 2017.

• Statement 4 is incorrect. The SCO explicitly upholds the principle of multipolarity and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries. It aims to foster a more democratic and equitable international order, which is contrary to the idea of a unipolar world.

The organization’s core objectives are to strengthen mutual trust and neighborliness among the member states; promote their effective cooperation in politics, trade, the economy, research, technology and culture, as well as in education, energy, transport, tourism, environmental protection, and other areas; and make joint efforts to maintain and ensure peace, security and stability in the region.

Solution: B

• Statement 3 is correct. India and Pakistan were admitted as full members of the SCO during the Astana summit in Kazakhstan in June 2017.

• Question 4 of 10 4. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM). Statement-I: The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) is expected to help Japan meet its emission-reduction commitments. Statement-II: Under the JCM, emission reductions achieved in developing nations through Japanese investment in low-carbon technologies are partly credited to Japan’s account. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: A The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) is a bilateral carbon crediting mechanism initiated by Japan. It allows for the transfer of low-carbon technologies from Japan to developing countries. The core of the JCM is that when these technologies lead to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the host country, a portion of these emission reductions can be claimed by Japan as a credit. This directly contributes to Japan’s own Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. Therefore, the mechanism by which Japan benefits, as described in Statement-II, is the reason why the JCM is a tool for Japan to meet its climate targets, as stated in Statement-I. Incorrect Solution: A The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) is a bilateral carbon crediting mechanism initiated by Japan. It allows for the transfer of low-carbon technologies from Japan to developing countries. The core of the JCM is that when these technologies lead to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the host country, a portion of these emission reductions can be claimed by Japan as a credit. This directly contributes to Japan’s own Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. Therefore, the mechanism by which Japan benefits, as described in Statement-II, is the reason why the JCM is a tool for Japan to meet its climate targets, as stated in Statement-I.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM).

Statement-I: The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) is expected to help Japan meet its emission-reduction commitments.

Statement-II: Under the JCM, emission reductions achieved in developing nations through Japanese investment in low-carbon technologies are partly credited to Japan’s account.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: A

• The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) is a bilateral carbon crediting mechanism initiated by Japan. It allows for the transfer of low-carbon technologies from Japan to developing countries.

• The core of the JCM is that when these technologies lead to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the host country, a portion of these emission reductions can be claimed by Japan as a credit. This directly contributes to Japan’s own Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement.

• Therefore, the mechanism by which Japan benefits, as described in Statement-II, is the reason why the JCM is a tool for Japan to meet its climate targets, as stated in Statement-I.

Solution: A

• The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) is a bilateral carbon crediting mechanism initiated by Japan. It allows for the transfer of low-carbon technologies from Japan to developing countries.

• Therefore, the mechanism by which Japan benefits, as described in Statement-II, is the reason why the JCM is a tool for Japan to meet its climate targets, as stated in Statement-I.

• Question 5 of 10 5. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about the Ravi River: It is one of the three eastern rivers of the Indus basin allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty. The river originates in the Pir Panjal range of the Himalayas. The Ranjit Sagar Dam is a key infrastructure project on the Ravi River. How many of the above statements are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is correct. The Ravi River is one of the six rivers of the Indus system. Under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, the waters of the three eastern rivers—Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej—were allocated to India for unrestricted use, while the waters of the three western rivers—Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab—were allocated to Pakistan. Statement 2 is incorrect. The Ravi River originates near the Bara Bhangal in the Chamba region of Himachal Pradesh, which lies in the Dhauladhar range of the Himalayas, not the Pir Panjal range. It flows through a deep gorge before entering the Punjab plains. Statement 3 is correct. The Ranjit Sagar Dam, also known as the Thein Dam, is a major multipurpose river valley project located on the Ravi River in the state of Punjab. It is a significant source of hydroelectric power and irrigation water for the region. Other important projects on the Ravi include the Chamera Hydropower Projects in Himachal Pradesh and the Shahpur Kandi Project. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is correct. The Ravi River is one of the six rivers of the Indus system. Under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, the waters of the three eastern rivers—Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej—were allocated to India for unrestricted use, while the waters of the three western rivers—Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab—were allocated to Pakistan. Statement 2 is incorrect. The Ravi River originates near the Bara Bhangal in the Chamba region of Himachal Pradesh, which lies in the Dhauladhar range of the Himalayas, not the Pir Panjal range. It flows through a deep gorge before entering the Punjab plains. Statement 3 is correct. The Ranjit Sagar Dam, also known as the Thein Dam, is a major multipurpose river valley project located on the Ravi River in the state of Punjab. It is a significant source of hydroelectric power and irrigation water for the region. Other important projects on the Ravi include the Chamera Hydropower Projects in Himachal Pradesh and the Shahpur Kandi Project.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements about the Ravi River:

• It is one of the three eastern rivers of the Indus basin allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty.

• The river originates in the Pir Panjal range of the Himalayas.

• The Ranjit Sagar Dam is a key infrastructure project on the Ravi River.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is correct. The Ravi River is one of the six rivers of the Indus system. Under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, the waters of the three eastern rivers—Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej—were allocated to India for unrestricted use, while the waters of the three western rivers—Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab—were allocated to Pakistan.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. The Ravi River originates near the Bara Bhangal in the Chamba region of Himachal Pradesh, which lies in the Dhauladhar range of the Himalayas, not the Pir Panjal range. It flows through a deep gorge before entering the Punjab plains.

• Statement 3 is correct. The Ranjit Sagar Dam, also known as the Thein Dam, is a major multipurpose river valley project located on the Ravi River in the state of Punjab. It is a significant source of hydroelectric power and irrigation water for the region. Other important projects on the Ravi include the Chamera Hydropower Projects in Himachal Pradesh and the Shahpur Kandi Project.

Solution: B

• Question 6 of 10 6. Question 1 points With reference to the ‘Digital Connectivity Rating’ initiative, consider the following statements: It is a mandatory rating system for all new real estate projects in India. The rating is provided on a scale of 1 to 5 stars based on the quality of in-building telecom infrastructure. The initiative is a part of the ‘Digital India’ and ‘Smart City’ missions. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 2 and 3 (c) 3 only (d) 2 and 3 only Correct Solution: D Statements 2 and 3 are correct. The Digital Connectivity Rating is a regulatory framework introduced by the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) to assess and rate the quality of telecom and internet services within buildings. The rating is provided on a 1 to 5-star scale, with 5 stars indicating the highest quality of digital connectivity. Statement 1 is incorrect. The rating system is currently voluntary, not mandatory. It is designed to encourage developers to improve in-building digital infrastructure to attract buyers and tenants. By making the quality of digital connectivity transparent, it empowers consumers to make informed decisions. The initiative is closely aligned with the objectives of the ‘Digital India’ and ‘Smart City’ missions. By ensuring that urban spaces are digitally enabled, it contributes to the creation of a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. The rating system is expected to foster competition among real estate developers to provide better digital infrastructure, which is crucial for the rollout of 5G, 6G, and other next-generation technologies. Incorrect Solution: D Statements 2 and 3 are correct. The Digital Connectivity Rating is a regulatory framework introduced by the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) to assess and rate the quality of telecom and internet services within buildings. The rating is provided on a 1 to 5-star scale, with 5 stars indicating the highest quality of digital connectivity. Statement 1 is incorrect. The rating system is currently voluntary, not mandatory. It is designed to encourage developers to improve in-building digital infrastructure to attract buyers and tenants. By making the quality of digital connectivity transparent, it empowers consumers to make informed decisions. The initiative is closely aligned with the objectives of the ‘Digital India’ and ‘Smart City’ missions. By ensuring that urban spaces are digitally enabled, it contributes to the creation of a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. The rating system is expected to foster competition among real estate developers to provide better digital infrastructure, which is crucial for the rollout of 5G, 6G, and other next-generation technologies.

#### 6. Question

With reference to the ‘Digital Connectivity Rating’ initiative, consider the following statements:

• It is a mandatory rating system for all new real estate projects in India.

• The rating is provided on a scale of 1 to 5 stars based on the quality of in-building telecom infrastructure.

• The initiative is a part of the ‘Digital India’ and ‘Smart City’ missions.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 1, 2 and 3

• (c) 3 only

• (d) 2 and 3 only

Solution: D

• Statements 2 and 3 are correct. The Digital Connectivity Rating is a regulatory framework introduced by the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) to assess and rate the quality of telecom and internet services within buildings. The rating is provided on a 1 to 5-star scale, with 5 stars indicating the highest quality of digital connectivity.

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The rating system is currently voluntary, not mandatory. It is designed to encourage developers to improve in-building digital infrastructure to attract buyers and tenants. By making the quality of digital connectivity transparent, it empowers consumers to make informed decisions.

• The initiative is closely aligned with the objectives of the ‘Digital India’ and ‘Smart City’ missions. By ensuring that urban spaces are digitally enabled, it contributes to the creation of a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.

• The rating system is expected to foster competition among real estate developers to provide better digital infrastructure, which is crucial for the rollout of 5G, 6G, and other next-generation technologies.

Solution: D

• Question 7 of 10 7. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Guru Tegh Bahadur: Guru Tegh Bahadur was a contemporary of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. He was trained in martial arts and participated in battles alongside his father, Guru Hargobind. His teachings emphasized the renunciation of worldly life to achieve spiritual salvation. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: A Only statement 2 is correct. Guru Tegh Bahadur was trained in martial skills from a young age and fought in battles alongside his father, Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh Guru. This early experience instilled in him the values of bravery and service. Statement 1 is incorrect. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s Guruship (1665–1675) and his martyrdom in 1675 occurred during the reign of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, not Shah Jahan. It was Aurangzeb’s policy of religious persecution that Guru Tegh Bahadur vehemently opposed. Statement 3 is incorrect. While Guru Tegh Bahadur led a life of deep meditation and simplicity, his teachings did not advocate for complete renunciation of worldly life. Instead, he emphasized spiritual strength over material wealth, and his philosophy was rooted in compassion, humility, and the equality of all human beings. He encouraged his followers to be householders who are spiritually enlightened, a core principle of Sikhism. His life and teachings were about finding the divine while living a responsible and engaged life in the world. Incorrect Solution: A Only statement 2 is correct. Guru Tegh Bahadur was trained in martial skills from a young age and fought in battles alongside his father, Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh Guru. This early experience instilled in him the values of bravery and service. Statement 1 is incorrect. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s Guruship (1665–1675) and his martyrdom in 1675 occurred during the reign of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, not Shah Jahan. It was Aurangzeb’s policy of religious persecution that Guru Tegh Bahadur vehemently opposed. Statement 3 is incorrect. While Guru Tegh Bahadur led a life of deep meditation and simplicity, his teachings did not advocate for complete renunciation of worldly life. Instead, he emphasized spiritual strength over material wealth, and his philosophy was rooted in compassion, humility, and the equality of all human beings. He encouraged his followers to be householders who are spiritually enlightened, a core principle of Sikhism. His life and teachings were about finding the divine while living a responsible and engaged life in the world.

#### 7. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Guru Tegh Bahadur:

• Guru Tegh Bahadur was a contemporary of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan.

• He was trained in martial arts and participated in battles alongside his father, Guru Hargobind.

• His teachings emphasized the renunciation of worldly life to achieve spiritual salvation.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: A

• Only statement 2 is correct. Guru Tegh Bahadur was trained in martial skills from a young age and fought in battles alongside his father, Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh Guru. This early experience instilled in him the values of bravery and service.

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s Guruship (1665–1675) and his martyrdom in 1675 occurred during the reign of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, not Shah Jahan. It was Aurangzeb’s policy of religious persecution that Guru Tegh Bahadur vehemently opposed.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. While Guru Tegh Bahadur led a life of deep meditation and simplicity, his teachings did not advocate for complete renunciation of worldly life. Instead, he emphasized spiritual strength over material wealth, and his philosophy was rooted in compassion, humility, and the equality of all human beings.

• He encouraged his followers to be householders who are spiritually enlightened, a core principle of Sikhism. His life and teachings were about finding the divine while living a responsible and engaged life in the world.

Solution: A

• Question 8 of 10 8. Question 1 points The establishment of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) was a direct consequence of which of the following? (a) India's ratification of the Kyoto Protocol (b) The recommendations of the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE) (c) The launch of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (d) The enactment of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001 Correct Solution: D The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) was established as a statutory body in March 2002. Its formation was a direct result of the enactment of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001. The Act provides the legal framework for energy efficiency initiatives in the country, and the BEE is the primary agency responsible for implementing its provisions. While India’s commitment to international climate agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and the subsequent National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) provided a broader policy context for energy conservation, the specific legislative mandate for the BEE comes from the Energy Conservation Act, 2001. The BEE’s functions include developing policies and strategies for energy conservation, promoting the use of energy-efficient equipment and appliances through its star rating program, and guiding states in their energy efficiency efforts. Incorrect Solution: D The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) was established as a statutory body in March 2002. Its formation was a direct result of the enactment of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001. The Act provides the legal framework for energy efficiency initiatives in the country, and the BEE is the primary agency responsible for implementing its provisions. While India’s commitment to international climate agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and the subsequent National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) provided a broader policy context for energy conservation, the specific legislative mandate for the BEE comes from the Energy Conservation Act, 2001. The BEE’s functions include developing policies and strategies for energy conservation, promoting the use of energy-efficient equipment and appliances through its star rating program, and guiding states in their energy efficiency efforts.

#### 8. Question

The establishment of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) was a direct consequence of which of the following?

• (a) India's ratification of the Kyoto Protocol

• (b) The recommendations of the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE)

• (c) The launch of the National Action Plan on Climate Change

• (d) The enactment of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001

Solution: D

• The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) was established as a statutory body in March 2002. Its formation was a direct result of the enactment of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001. The Act provides the legal framework for energy efficiency initiatives in the country, and the BEE is the primary agency responsible for implementing its provisions.

• While India’s commitment to international climate agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and the subsequent National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) provided a broader policy context for energy conservation, the specific legislative mandate for the BEE comes from the Energy Conservation Act, 2001.

• The BEE’s functions include developing policies and strategies for energy conservation, promoting the use of energy-efficient equipment and appliances through its star rating program, and guiding states in their energy efficiency efforts.

Solution: D

• Question 9 of 10 9. Question 1 points Which of the following is NOT an objective of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)? (a) To strengthen cooperation against terrorism, separatism, and extremism. (b) To enhance economic connectivity and trade integration among member states. (c) To form a military alliance for collective defense against external threats. (d) To promote regional peace and stability. Correct Solution: C The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is primarily a political, economic, and security organization. While it has a strong focus on security, particularly in combating the “three evils” of terrorism, separatism, and extremism through its Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS), it is not a military alliance in the vein of NATO. The SCO’s charter does not include a collective defense clause that would obligate member states to come to the defense of another member in the event of an attack. The annual joint military exercises, such as the “Peace Mission” series, are aimed at enhancing interoperability and cooperation in counter-terrorism operations, not preparing for collective defense. Incorrect Solution: C The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is primarily a political, economic, and security organization. While it has a strong focus on security, particularly in combating the “three evils” of terrorism, separatism, and extremism through its Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS), it is not a military alliance in the vein of NATO. The SCO’s charter does not include a collective defense clause that would obligate member states to come to the defense of another member in the event of an attack. The annual joint military exercises, such as the “Peace Mission” series, are aimed at enhancing interoperability and cooperation in counter-terrorism operations, not preparing for collective defense.

#### 9. Question

Which of the following is NOT an objective of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)?

• (a) To strengthen cooperation against terrorism, separatism, and extremism.

• (b) To enhance economic connectivity and trade integration among member states.

• (c) To form a military alliance for collective defense against external threats.

• (d) To promote regional peace and stability.

Solution: C

• The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is primarily a political, economic, and security organization. While it has a strong focus on security, particularly in combating the “three evils” of terrorism, separatism, and extremism through its Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS), it is not a military alliance in the vein of NATO.

• The SCO’s charter does not include a collective defense clause that would obligate member states to come to the defense of another member in the event of an attack. The annual joint military exercises, such as the “Peace Mission” series, are aimed at enhancing interoperability and cooperation in counter-terrorism operations, not preparing for collective defense.

Solution: C

• Question 10 of 10 10. Question 1 points The recent approval of eight Digital Connectivity Rating Agencies (DCRA) by TRAI is significant because: It provides transparency to homebuyers and tenants about the digital readiness of a property. It encourages investment in digital-ready infrastructure by real estate developers. It helps in improving network quality inside high-density urban buildings. It is a prerequisite for the rollout of 6G services in India. Select the correct answer using the code given below: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 2 and 4 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Correct Solution: A Statements 1, 2, and 3 are the primary significance of the Digital Connectivity Rating Agencies (DCRA) initiative. By providing a star-based rating for in-building digital connectivity, the framework brings much-needed transparency for consumers (Statement 1). This transparency, in turn, creates a market incentive for real estate developers to invest in robust telecom infrastructure to achieve higher ratings, making their properties more attractive (Statement 2). The focus on in-building infrastructure directly addresses the common problem of poor network quality inside high-rise buildings, offices, and malls, thus leading to improved network quality in dense urban environments (Statement 3). Statement 4 is incorrect. While having digital-ready buildings is beneficial and will facilitate the rollout of future technologies like 6G, it is not a prerequisite. The rollout of 6G depends on a much wider ecosystem of spectrum availability, network technology development, and policy frameworks. The DCRA initiative supports future readiness but is not a mandatory precondition for it. Incorrect Solution: A Statements 1, 2, and 3 are the primary significance of the Digital Connectivity Rating Agencies (DCRA) initiative. By providing a star-based rating for in-building digital connectivity, the framework brings much-needed transparency for consumers (Statement 1). This transparency, in turn, creates a market incentive for real estate developers to invest in robust telecom infrastructure to achieve higher ratings, making their properties more attractive (Statement 2). The focus on in-building infrastructure directly addresses the common problem of poor network quality inside high-rise buildings, offices, and malls, thus leading to improved network quality in dense urban environments (Statement 3). Statement 4 is incorrect. While having digital-ready buildings is beneficial and will facilitate the rollout of future technologies like 6G, it is not a prerequisite. The rollout of 6G depends on a much wider ecosystem of spectrum availability, network technology development, and policy frameworks. The DCRA initiative supports future readiness but is not a mandatory precondition for it.

#### 10. Question

The recent approval of eight Digital Connectivity Rating Agencies (DCRA) by TRAI is significant because:

• It provides transparency to homebuyers and tenants about the digital readiness of a property.

• It encourages investment in digital-ready infrastructure by real estate developers.

• It helps in improving network quality inside high-density urban buildings.

• It is a prerequisite for the rollout of 6G services in India.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

• (a) 1, 2 and 3 only

• (b) 2 and 4 only

• (c) 1 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Solution: A

• Statements 1, 2, and 3 are the primary significance of the Digital Connectivity Rating Agencies (DCRA) initiative. By providing a star-based rating for in-building digital connectivity, the framework brings much-needed transparency for consumers (Statement 1).

• This transparency, in turn, creates a market incentive for real estate developers to invest in robust telecom infrastructure to achieve higher ratings, making their properties more attractive (Statement 2).

• The focus on in-building infrastructure directly addresses the common problem of poor network quality inside high-rise buildings, offices, and malls, thus leading to improved network quality in dense urban environments (Statement 3).

• Statement 4 is incorrect. While having digital-ready buildings is beneficial and will facilitate the rollout of future technologies like 6G, it is not a prerequisite. The rollout of 6G depends on a much wider ecosystem of spectrum availability, network technology development, and policy frameworks. The DCRA initiative supports future readiness but is not a mandatory precondition for it.

Solution: A

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