UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 7 March 2026
Kartavya Desk Staff
UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 7 March 2026 covers important current affairs of the day, their backward linkages, their relevance for Prelims exam and MCQs on main articles
InstaLinks : Insta Links help you think beyond the current affairs issue and help you think multidimensionally to develop depth in your understanding of these issues. These linkages provided in this ‘hint’ format help you frame possible questions in your mind that might arise(or an examiner might imagine) from each current event. InstaLinks also connect every issue to their static or theoretical background.
Table of Contents
GS Paper 2 :
• India’s Stakes in West Asia
India’s Stakes in West Asia
• India-Canada Bilateral Relations
India-Canada Bilateral Relations
Content for Mains Enrichment (CME):
• IRIS Dena Incident
IRIS Dena Incident
• Karnataka’s Proposal to Ban Social Media for Children Under 16
Karnataka’s Proposal to Ban Social Media for Children Under 16
Facts for Prelims (FFP):
• Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) Satellite Systems
Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) Satellite Systems
• Khelo India Tribal Games (KITG)
Khelo India Tribal Games (KITG)
• LNG and LPG Price Determination
LNG and LPG Price Determination
• The Sukhoi Su-30MKI
The Sukhoi Su-30MKI
• The Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (ECA)
The Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (ECA)
Mapping:
• Chile Eliminate Leprosy
Chile Eliminate Leprosy
UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 7 March 2026
GS Paper 2 :
India’s Stakes in West Asia
Source: IE
Subject: International Relations
Context: As the war in West Asia enters its seventh day following the February 2026 strikes on Tehran, Shashi Tharoor warns that the conflict has shattered regional order and directly threatened India’s national interests.
About India’s Stakes in West Asia:
What it is?
• India’s stakes refer to the critical, multidimensional dependence on the Gulf region for its economic survival and social stability. This is not merely a matter of foreign policy but a domestic priority, as any instability in the extended neighborhood has an immediate cost-push effect on the Indian kitchen and the safety of millions of Indian households.
Data/Facts on India-West Asia:
• Energy Dependency: In 2025, West Asia accounted for approximately 49% to 55% of India’s total crude oil imports and nearly 70% of its gas.
• The Chokepoint: Nearly 40-50% of India’s crude oil passes through the Strait of Hormuz, which is currently facing a naval blockade.
• The Diaspora: Over 9 million to 1 crore Indian expatriates live and work in the Gulf, representing one of the largest workforces in the region.
• Financial Lifeline: The region contributes roughly 38% of India’s total global remittance inflows (with 19% from UAE alone), vital for foreign exchange stability.
Dependency of India on West Asia:
• Energy Security: India relies on the Gulf for over half of its hydrocarbon needs, making it vulnerable to war premiums and supply shocks.
Example: The 2026 conflict has pushed Brent crude prices toward $83-$100 per barrel, threatening to widen India’s Current Account Deficit (CAD).
• Remittance Inflow: Millions of Indian households in Kerala, UP, and Bihar depend on monthly transfers from workers in the GCC.
Example: Hostilities in early 2026 have sparked fears of large-scale displacement, which would jeopardize the billions of dollars sent home annually.
• Agricultural Export Market: The region is the primary destination for India’s high-value agricultural staples.
Example: In March 2026, over 400,000 tonnes of Basmati rice were reported stuck at ports due to the disruption of trade routes to Saudi Arabia and Iran.
• Fertilizer Imports: India imports nearly 40% of its Urea and NPK fertilizers from West Asia, which is critical for its food security.
Example: Logistics bottlenecks in the Gulf are currently threatening to inflate the government’s subsidy burden and cause domestic food inflation.
Importance of India to West Asia:
• Economic Reconstruction Partner: India is viewed as a civilizational anchor capable of leading post-war infrastructure rebuilding.
Example: Indian public sector giants like IRCON and ONGC have shelf-ready plans for the Zahedan railway line and Farzad-B gas field in Iran.
• Stabilizing Diplomatic Pivot: India is the only major power maintaining a Special Strategic Partnership with Israel while keeping open lines with Tehran.
Example: In March 2026, EAM S. Jaishankar held emergency Hotline calls with both Israel and the Interim Leadership Council in Tehran to negotiate de-escalation.
• Human Resource Backbone: The Gulf’s infrastructure, healthcare, and service sectors are structurally dependent on the Indian professional and labor force.
Example: Despite the 2026 war, host governments have actively engaged with New Delhi to ensure Indian workers remain to prevent a total economic collapse.
• Maritime Security Provider: The Indian Navy acts as a Net Security Provider for commercial shipping in the Indian Ocean and North Arabian Sea.
Example: Operation Sankalp was institutionalized in 2026 into a permanent escort architecture to protect merchant vessels from regional proxy attacks.
Challenges Associated:
• The Diplomatic Tightrope: Balancing ties with the US-Israel axis against the historical and energy-linked relationship with Iran is increasingly difficult.
Example: India faced severe domestic criticism in March 2026 for its initial silence following the strike on the Iranian leadership.
• Chokepoint Vulnerability: The closure of the Strait of Hormuz effectively paralyzes India’s primary energy and trade artery.
Example: Reports in March 2026 indicate Qatar has declared force majeure on LNG shipments, forcing Indian factories to look for costlier alternatives.
• Connectivity Paralysis: Strategic projects like the IMEC (India-Middle East-Europe Corridor) have been rendered non-viable by the war.
Example: At the February 2026 Munich Security Conference, officials noted that IMEC progress has stalled as regional attention shifted to survival.
• Evacuation Logistics: The sheer scale of the Indian diaspora makes any mass evacuation a logistical nightmare.
Example: Senior officials in March 2026 indicated that a Total War would require an epic rescue effort exceeding the scale of past operations like Rahat.
Way Ahead
• Energy Diversification: Rapidly accelerate crude sourcing from the Americas and Eurasia while expanding Strategic Petroleum Reserves.
• Institutionalize Maritime Security: Move from periodic patrols to a permanent Maritime Security Escort Architecture for Indian-flagged vessels.
• Lead Global South Diplomacy: Use India’s G20 and BRICS influence to push for a UN-monitored ceasefire that respects Iranian sovereignty and Israeli security.
• Rupee-Settlement Hubs: Accelerate offshore Rupee-swap hubs to bypass the weaponization of SWIFT and maintain trade during sanctions.
• Strategic Autonomy: Maintain a Neutral Interlocutor status to facilitate a De-escalation Corridor between the warring factions.
Conclusion:
India’s path to becoming a global power is inextricably linked to the peace and stability of West Asia. The 2026 conflict is not a distant fire but a direct threat to the Indian economy, energy security, and the livelihoods of millions. Only through proactive, civilizational diplomacy can India help pull the region back from an abyss that threatens to derail the growth story of the entire Global South.
Q. Evaluate the implications of West Asian instability for India’s energy security and diaspora protection. What diplomatic strategies should India adopt? (15 M)
India-Canada Bilateral Relations
Source: DH
Subject: International relations
Context: Bilateral relations between India and Canada have undergone a strategic reset following Prime Minister Mark Carney’s visit to India and his high-level talks with Prime Minister of India.
About India-Canada Bilateral Relations:
What it is?
• India and Canada share a relationship built on a “Strategic Partnership” centered around shared democratic values, the rule of law, and strong people-to-people ties. The partnership spans several critical sectors including nuclear energy, trade, education, and maritime security in the Indo-Pacific.
History of India-Canada Relations:
• Early Cooperation: Traditionally, the two nations shared a cooperative bond, particularly in the nuclear field, until it was disrupted in the 1970s.
• Economic Integration: Over the last 25 years, Canada has made major investments in India, with approximately 600 Canadian companies now operating on Indian soil.
• The Trudeau Strain: Relations faced severe deterioration during Justin Trudeau’s tenure due to allegations regarding the killing of Hardeep Singh Nijjar.
• The Carney Transition: Ties began to improve last year after Mark Carney assumed office, leading to the resumption of high-level visits and trade talks.
• Modern Strategic Reset: The relationship has now shifted toward a “Strategic Energy Partnership” and a focus on middle-power collaboration against global power hegemony.
Need for Reset:
• Energy Security: India requires stable long-term partners to meet its massive and growing energy demands through nuclear and renewable sources.
Example: The new $2.6-billion, 10-year deal for Canadian uranium is essential for fueling Indian nuclear reactors.
• Economic Protectionism: Both nations are seeking to defend their economies against the impact of great power hegemony and restrictive trade policies.
Example: Strengthening ties serves as a shield against the United States’ current tariff policies affecting both countries.
• Trade Diversification: There is an urgent need to expand bilateral trade to its full potential through a formal Economic Partnership Agreement.
Example: Leaders aim to double bilateral trade to $50 billion by 2030 to bolster already robust economic ties.
• Indo-Pacific Stability: Regional security requires coordinated efforts between democratic middle powers to ensure maritime safety.
Example: A planned defense dialogue aims to support maritime security cooperation across the Indo-Pacific region.
• Diaspora Management: The presence of a massive Indian community in Canada necessitates a stable diplomatic environment for their welfare.
Example: With 1.8 million Indo-Canadians and 400,000 Indian students in Canada, the reset ensures their safety and academic continuity.
Challenges Associated:
• Sovereignty and Security Allegations: Past accusations regarding extrajudicial activities remain a sensitive “under-the-surface” issue for both governments.
Example: The severe strain caused by allegations in the Hardeep Singh Nijjar case highlights how security issues can paralyze diplomacy.
• Trade Barriers: Navigating complex regulatory frameworks to finalize the Economic Partnership Agreement by year-end remains a hurdle.
Example: Restarting trade talks required overcoming months of total deadlock following the diplomatic fallout of 2024-25.
• Extremism and Diaspora Politics: The activities of separatist elements within Canada continue to be a primary point of contention for New Delhi.
Example: India has consistently raised concerns about the safety of its diplomats in Canada amidst protests by Khalistan supporters.
• Nuclear Regulatory Hurdles: Expanding nuclear cooperation to build large and small reactors requires navigating strict international and bilateral safeguards.
Example: The plan to use Canadian expertise for Indian reactors depends on the successful execution of the 10-year uranium deal.
• Global Power Dynamics: External pressures from great power rivalries and shifting US trade stances could disrupt middle-power alignment.
Example: Both nations must balance their reset while simultaneously reacting to the unpredictable tariff shifts from the US.
Way Ahead:
• Finalize CEPA: Conclude the India-Canada Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement by the end of 2026 to provide a legal framework for trade.
• Operationalize Energy Pact: Rapidly implement the Strategic Energy Partnership covering nuclear, LNG, solar, and hydrogen energy.
• Strengthen Security Ties: Operationalize the planned defense dialogue to maintain a rules-based order in the Indo-Pacific.
• Critical Minerals Collaboration: Secure supply chains for critical minerals necessary for India’s green energy transition and technological growth.
• Enhance Student Welfare: Streamline exchange programs and ensure a supportive environment for the 400,000 Indian students currently in Canada.
Conclusion:
The strategic reset between India and Canada marks a transition from a period of deep mistrust to a pragmatism-driven partnership centered on energy and economic security. By moving past historical grievances, both nations are positioning themselves as collaborative middle powers capable of navigating global trade uncertainties. This renewed bond is essential for India’s energy future and the prosperity of its vast diaspora living in Canada.
Q. Evaluate the implications of West Asian instability for India’s energy security and diaspora protection. What diplomatic strategies should India adopt? (15 M)
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 7 March 2026 Content for Mains Enrichment (CME)
IRIS Dena Incident
Anecdote: In March 2026, a dramatic maritime incident unfolded in the Indian Ocean when the Iranian warship IRIS Dena, returning after participating in the International Fleet Review at Visakhapatnam, issued a distress call near the coast of Sri Lanka. The vessel, operating within Sri Lanka’s Search and Rescue (SAR) region, reportedly sank following a submarine attack amid escalating geopolitical tensions in the region. Responding swiftly, the Indian Navy launched a humanitarian Search and Rescue (SAR) operation, deploying long-range maritime patrol aircraft and naval vessels such as INS Tarangini and INS Ikshak to assist Sri Lanka’s efforts. Despite the geopolitical complexities surrounding the conflict, India focused on humanitarian obligations and maritime cooperation. The rescue mission highlighted the operational readiness of the Indian Navy and its commitment to safeguarding lives at sea. It also demonstrated India’s adherence to international maritime conventions governing search and rescue operations. By coordinating closely with Sri Lankan authorities, India reinforced its role as a responsible maritime power in the Indian Ocean Region. The episode illustrates how humanitarian response at sea can transcend geopolitical rivalries and underscore principles of maritime solidarity and international responsibility.
Relevance in UPSC Exam Syllabus
Essay:
• The incident illustrates themes such as Humanitarian values in international relations, Ethics of war and peace, Global commons and shared responsibility, and Technology and morality in modern warfare.
• It can also be used to discuss the tension between strategic competition and humanitarian obligations in global politics.
GS Paper IV (Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude):
• Ethics in public service: Demonstrates humanitarian conduct by naval forces despite geopolitical tensions.
• Values in international relations: Compassion, duty to save lives, and cooperative action among states.
• Ethical leadership and decision-making: Responding to crises with humanity rather than hostility.
Karnataka’s Proposal to Ban Social Media for Children Under 16
Context: Karnataka Chief Minister announced in the 2026–27 Karnataka State Budget that the state plans to ban social media use for children below 16 years.
About Karnataka’s Proposal to Ban Social Media for Children Under 16:
What it is?
• The Karnataka government has proposed a policy restriction on access to social media platforms for children below the age of 16. The initiative seeks to protect minors from digital addiction, cyberbullying, misinformation exposure, and mental health issues linked to excessive online engagement.
Key Features:
• Age Restriction: Children below 16 years will be prohibited from accessing social media platforms under the proposed regulation.
• Child Protection Focus: The policy is intended to mitigate psychological harm, online harassment, and screen addiction among minors.
• Digital Regulation Framework: The move may involve age-verification mechanisms and regulatory guidelines for digital platforms operating in the state.
• Holistic Digital Policy Context: The proposal accompanies broader initiatives to strengthen technology governance and responsible digital use.
Relevance in UPSC Exam Syllabus
GS Paper II – Governance, Social Justice, and Policy
• Digital governance and regulation of technology platforms.
• Policy responses to cyber safety, social media misuse, and digital well-being.
GS Paper III – Science & Technology
• Impact of emerging technologies on society, particularly social media and AI.
• Regulation of digital platforms and data ecosystems.
GS Paper IV – Ethics
• Ethical use of technology and responsibility of governments in protecting vulnerable groups.
• Balancing freedom of expression with societal well-being.
UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 7 March 2026 Facts for Prelims (FFP)
Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) Satellite Systems
Source: TOI
Subject: Science and Technology
Context: State-run defense major Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and space-tech startup Bellatrix Aerospace have signed an MoU to jointly develop Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) satellite systems.
About Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) Satellite Systems:
What it is?
• The collaboration is a strategic partnership to design, develop, and manufacture next-generation satellite platforms and payloads specifically for the Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) It combines high-end defense electronics manufacturing with innovative satellite propulsion technologies.
Organizations Involved: Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and Bellatrix Aerospace.
• To build indigenous capabilities in VLEO satellite platforms.
• To develop integrated satellite solutions for both strategic (defense) and civilian applications.
• To combine PSU manufacturing depth with the agility of a deep-tech startup to accelerate space innovation.
How VLEO Systems Work?
VLEO refers to altitudes between 150 km and 450 km, which is significantly lower than traditional Low Earth Orbit (LEO) (500 km – 2,000 km).
• Atmospheric Interaction: At these altitudes, satellites encounter a thin atmosphere that creates significant aerodynamic drag.
• Advanced Propulsion: To prevent the satellite from falling back to Earth, Bellatrix’s specialized electric/green propulsion systems provide constant station-keeping thrust to counter the drag.
• Proximity: Being closer to the surface allows for better optical resolution and faster signal transmission back to ground stations.
Key Features of the Technology:
• Superior Imaging: Proximity to Earth allows for sub-meter resolution imaging with smaller, less expensive optical sensors.
• Ultra-Low Latency: Signals have a shorter distance to travel, making it ideal for real-time strategic communication and high-speed internet.
• Reduced Launch Costs: Deploying to a lower altitude requires less fuel/energy, potentially lowering the cost of putting assets into space.
• Self-Cleaning Orbit: If a satellite fails, the atmospheric drag naturally pulls it down into the atmosphere to burn up, significantly reducing space debris.
Significance of the Partnership:
• Strengthens India’s self-reliance in a critical emerging space domain, reducing dependence on foreign satellite platforms.
• VLEO satellites are game-changers for border surveillance and intelligence gathering due to their high-resolution capabilities.
Khelo India Tribal Games (KITG)
Source: PIB
Subject: Miscellaneous
Context: Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports announced that the first-ever Khelo India Tribal Games (KITG) will be held in Chhattisgarh from 25 March to 6 April 2026.
About Khelo India Tribal Games (KITG):
What it is?
• The Khelo India Tribal Games (KITG) is a national-level multi-sport event dedicated exclusively to tribal athletes across India.
• It is organised under the Khelo India Scheme, a flagship programme of the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports to promote sports culture and excellence.
Host and Venue:
• Host State: Chhattisgarh
• Host Cities: Raipur, Jagdalpur and Sarguja
Aim of the Games:
• To identify and nurture sporting talent from tribal regions at an early stage.
• To promote mass participation in sports among tribal youth.
• To integrate talented tribal athletes into the national sports ecosystem and support India’s vision of Viksit Bharat.
Sports Involved
• Medal Sports (7):
• Athletics, Football, Hockey, Weightlifting, Archery, Swimming, and Wrestling
• Athletics, Football, Hockey, Weightlifting, Archery, Swimming, and Wrestling
• Demonstration Sports (2):
• Mallakhamb and Kabaddi
• Mallakhamb and Kabaddi
Key Features:
• First-ever national sporting event exclusively for tribal athletes in India.
• Competitions will follow technical standards aligned with international sporting events.
• The official mascot Morveer symbolizes courage, pride and identity of tribal communities.
• Organised as part of the broader Khelo India initiative, declared an Event of National Importance in 2020 under the Sports Broadcasting Signals Act, 2007.
Significance
• Promotes tribal empowerment and social inclusion through sports.
• Helps discover raw sporting talent from remote tribal regions.
LNG and LPG Price Determination
Source: TH
Subject: Miscellaneous
Context: Amidst the ongoing West Asia conflict in March 2026, global crude oil prices have surged by nearly 30%, directly inflating the cost of LNG and LPG.
About LNG and LPG Price Determination:
What it is?
• Price determination for Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) and Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) refers to the global mechanisms and benchmarks used to set the cost of these energy resources.
• Unlike many commodities, these gases do not have a single global price; instead, they are influenced heavily by their relationship with crude oil and specific regional indices.
How it Works?
• Crude Oil Linkage: Globally, both LNG and LPG prices are generally indexed to or float alongside crude oil prices. When crude oil prices rise, the cost of these gases typically follows.
• Contractual Structures: Long-term Contracts: Much of India’s LNG (especially from Qatar) is procured through long-term agreements that provide some price stability. Spot Markets: For immediate needs, entities use the spot market, where prices are highly volatile and measured by indices such as the JKM (Japan Korea Marker).
• Long-term Contracts: Much of India’s LNG (especially from Qatar) is procured through long-term agreements that provide some price stability.
• Spot Markets: For immediate needs, entities use the spot market, where prices are highly volatile and measured by indices such as the JKM (Japan Korea Marker).
• Domestic Production vs. Imports: LPG: 60% of India’s supply is imported, primarily from Saudi Arabia and Qatar. The remaining 40% is produced domestically by Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) like IOC and BPCL. LNG: Half of India’s requirement is produced domestically, while the other half is imported via specialized cryogenic ships.
• LPG: 60% of India’s supply is imported, primarily from Saudi Arabia and Qatar. The remaining 40% is produced domestically by Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) like IOC and BPCL.
• LNG: Half of India’s requirement is produced domestically, while the other half is imported via specialized cryogenic ships.
Factors Affecting Prices
• Geopolitical Stability: Conflicts in West Asia, such as the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, directly hit imports and drive up war premiums on energy.
• Supply Gaps: When major producers like Qatar shut down production, it creates a massive global supply gap, forcing prices higher for all other buyers.
• Transportation and Insurance: Because LNG must be cooled to below –160°C and transported in insulated tanks, rising insurance premiums during wartime significantly increase the final landed cost.
• Storage Capacity: Countries with limited storage, like India, are more vulnerable to immediate price shocks compared to nations with large underground reserves.
Implications for India:
• Higher LPG costs threaten the progress of the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, which has expanded coverage to nearly 100% of households.
• A little less than 30% of natural gas is used to make ammonia for fertilizers; price spikes can lead to higher agricultural costs, though current impacts are mitigated by the off-season for farming.
• Natural gas accounts for 13% of power generation and 21% of City Gas Distribution (CGD); high prices force industrial consumers to switch to alternative fuels like naphtha or furnace oil.
The Sukhoi Su-30MKI
Source: News on Air
Subject: Security
Context: An Indian Air Force (IAF) Sukhoi-30MKI fighter jet tragically crashed at Inglong Ekopi Hill in Assam during a routine training mission on March 5, 2026.
About The Sukhoi Su-30MKI:
What it is?
• The Sukhoi Su-30MKI (NATO reporting name: Flanker-H) is a heavy, all-weather, long-range, two-seater multirole air superiority fighter. It serves as the primary strike and air defense platform for the Indian Air Force, capable of performing complex missions ranging from ground attack to maritime strikes.
Developed By:
• Design: Originally designed by Russia’s Sukhoi Corporation.
• Manufacturing: Built under license by India’s Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) at its Nashik facility.
• Collaboration: It is a unique fusion aircraft, integrating Russian airframe technology with Indian avionics, and sub-systems from France and Israel.
Purpose:
• The primary aim of the Su-30MKI is to maintain air dominance over the Indian subcontinent.
Key Features:
• Super Maneuverability: Equipped with thrust-vectoring nozzles and canards, allowing the aircraft to perform extreme maneuvers (like the Cobra) that are impossible for standard fighters.
• Advanced Avionics: Features a hybrid of international technology, including a powerful passive electronically scanned array (PESA) radar (being upgraded to Indian Uttam AESA radar) and sophisticated electronic warfare suites.
• Weaponry & Range: It is the only aircraft in the world capable of carrying the BrahMos-A supersonic cruise missile. It can carry a massive 8,000 kg combat payload, including Astra (BVR), R-77, and Kh-59 missiles.
• It can carry a massive 8,000 kg combat payload, including Astra (BVR), R-77, and Kh-59 missiles.
• Twin-Engine Power: Powered by two Al-31FP turbofans, providing the speed and reliability needed for long-range patrols.
• Indigenization: As of 2026, the aircraft features over 62.6% indigenous content, including Indian-made flight control systems and radar warning receivers.
Significance:
• With over 260 aircraft in inventory, it forms the largest component of India’s fighter strength.
• Specific batches are believed to be optimized for the Strategic Forces Command for nuclear weapons delivery.
The Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (ECA)
Source: TH
Subject: Economy
Context: In response to an energy crisis triggered by recent geopolitical strikes on Iran, the Centre invoked the Essential Commodities Act (ECA), 1955.
About The Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (ECA):
What it is?
• The Essential Commodities Act is a central legislation enacted to control the production, supply, and distribution of specific commodities deemed essential for the general public. It empowers the government to prevent hoarding and black marketing while ensuring equitable distribution at fair prices.
• To ensure the steady availability of essential goods.
• To prevent artificial scarcity and regulate the prices at which these commodities are bought or sold.
• To secure commodities for the defense of India or the efficient conduct of military operations.
Key Features
• Declaration of Commodities: Essential commodity means any item specified in the Schedule of the Act.
• Amending the Schedule: The Central Government can add or remove commodities from the Schedule in consultation with State Governments.
• Stock Limits: The government can fix the quantity of a commodity any person or trader can hold in stock.
• Price Regulation: The Act allows for the fixation of prices, particularly for items like foodgrains, edible oils, and sugar.
• Penalties: Contravention of orders under Section 3 can lead to imprisonment ranging from three months to seven years, plus fines.
• Confiscation: Authorities have the power to seize and confiscate commodities, along with the vehicles or animals used for their transport, if the Act is violated.
When the Act is Invoked:
The Act is typically invoked during extraordinary circumstances to protect consumers:
• War or Famine: As seen in the recent 2026 energy crisis linked to the U.S.-Israel-Iran conflict.
• Natural Calamities: Used during the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure the availability of masks and sanitizers.
• Extraordinary Price Rise: Invoked when the retail price of non-perishable agricultural produce increases by 50%, or horticultural produce by 100%.
• Festive Seasons/Elections: Historically used to moderate prices of wheat or sugar before major festivals or state elections to maintain stability.
Significance
• Acts as a primary tool to ensure that essential food items remain affordable for vulnerable sections of society.
• Prevents traders and wholesalers from hoarding goods to create speculative price hikes.
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 7 March 2026 Mapping:
Chile Eliminate Leprosy
Source: WHO
Subject: Science and Technology
Context: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) officially verified Chile as the first country in the Americas—and the second globally—to have eliminated leprosy.
About Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease):
What it is?
• Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the slow-growing bacterium *Mycobacterium leprae*. It primarily affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract, and the eyes. If left untreated, it can cause progressive and permanent damage to the skin, nerves, limbs, and eyes.
Origin and History:
• Ancient Disease: Leprosy is one of the oldest recorded diseases in human history, mentioned in ancient civilizations’ texts from China, Egypt, and India.
• Chilean Context: It was historically recorded in Chile at the end of the 19th century, specifically on Rapa Nui (Easter Island). It remained localized there through strict isolation and treatment until the late 1990s.
Key Features
• Transmission: It is transmitted via droplets from the nose and mouth during close and frequent contact with untreated cases. It is not highly infectious.
• Incubation Period: The disease has a very long incubation period, averaging 5 years, though symptoms can take up to 20 years to appear.
• Symptoms: Pale or reddish skin patches with loss of sensation, painless ulcers on the soles of feet, and muscle weakness or tingling in the hands and feet.
Treatment
• Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT): Since the 1980s, WHO has provided MDT (a combination of rifampicin, dapsone, and clofazimine) for free globally.
• Curability: Leprosy is 100% curable. Early treatment prevents most disabilities associated with the disease.
• Stigma: Historically, patients were shunned or leper colonies were created. Modern public health focuses on stigma-free, integrated care.
About Chile:
What it is?
• Chile is a sovereign country in western South America, known for its extreme geographic diversity and highly developed economy (the first South American member of the OECD).
Geography: It occupies a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes Mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
Borders: Peru, Bolivia, Argentina and the Drake Passage.
Geographic Features
• Atacama Desert: Located in the north, it is known as the driest non-polar place on Earth.
• Central Valley: A Mediterranean-climate region that is the agricultural and population heartland of the country.
• The South: Characterized by alpine tundras, glaciers, fjords, and lakes.
• Insular Territories: Includes the famous Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in Polynesia and the Juan Fernández Archipelago.
Please subscribe to Our podcast channel HERE
Official Facebook Page HERE
Twitter Account HERE
Instagram Account HERE
LinkedIn: HERE