UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 5 October 2024
Kartavya Desk Staff
UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 5 October 2024 covers important current affairs of the day, their backward linkages, their relevance for Prelims exam and MCQs on main articles
InstaLinks : Insta Links help you think beyond the current affairs issue and help you think multidimensionally to develop depth in your understanding of these issues. These linkages provided in this ‘hint’ format help you frame possible questions in your mind that might arise(or an examiner might imagine) from each current event. InstaLinks also connect every issue to their static or theoretical background.
Table of Contents
GS Paper 2: (UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 5 October 2024)
• National Health Account Estimates
National Health Account Estimates
GS Paper 3:
• India’s Employment Growth
India’s Employment Growth
• Naxalism
Naxalism
Content for Mains Enrichment (CME)
• Case of Kritarth
Case of Kritarth
• A tribe out of time
A tribe out of time
• Weed and Agriculture
Weed and Agriculture
Facts for Prelims (FFP)
• Co-District
Co-District
• India-USA MoU
India-USA MoU
• Elephant Census Method
Elephant Census Method
• Modified Eco-mark Scheme
Modified Eco-mark Scheme
• Polymer nanocomposite
Polymer nanocomposite
• International Medical Device Regulators Forum
International Medical Device Regulators Forum
UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 5 October 2024
#### GS Paper 2:
National Health Account Estimates
Syllabus: Health and Sanitation
Source: PIB
Context: The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare recently released the National Health Account (NHA) estimates for the fiscal years 2020-21 and 2021-22. These reports are the eighth and ninth editions of the NHA series, which provides a comprehensive view of the country’s healthcare expenditure.
Summary of Key Findings of National Health Account (NHA) Estimates for 2020-21 and 2021-22:
• Rising government health expenditure (GHE): GHE as a percentage of GDP increased from 1.13% (2014-15) to 1.84% (2021-22). GHE as a share of General Government Expenditure (GGE) rose from 3.94% (2014-15) to 6.12% (2021-22). Per capita GHE increased from ₹1,108 to ₹3,169 during the same period.
• GHE as a percentage of GDP increased from 1.13% (2014-15) to 1.84% (2021-22).
• GHE as a share of General Government Expenditure (GGE) rose from 3.94% (2014-15) to 6.12% (2021-22).
• Per capita GHE increased from ₹1,108 to ₹3,169 during the same period.
• Decline in out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE): OOPE reduced from 62.6% (2014-15) to 39.4% (2021-22) of Total Health Expenditure (THE).
• OOPE reduced from 62.6% (2014-15) to 39.4% (2021-22) of Total Health Expenditure (THE).
• Government’s share in total health expenditure: GHE increased from 29% (2014-15) to 48% (2021-22) of THE.
• GHE increased from 29% (2014-15) to 48% (2021-22) of THE.
• Social security expenditure (SSE) growth: SSE on health increased from 5.7% (2014-15) to 8.7% (2021-22) of THE, aiding in reducing OOPE.
• SSE on health increased from 5.7% (2014-15) to 8.7% (2021-22) of THE, aiding in reducing OOPE.
• Total health expenditure (THE): In 2020-21, THE was ₹7,39,327 crores (3.73% of GDP); by 2021-22, it rose to ₹9,04,461 crores (3.83% of GDP). Per capita health expenditure rose from ₹5,436 (2020-21) to ₹6,602 (2021-22).
• In 2020-21, THE was ₹7,39,327 crores (3.73% of GDP); by 2021-22, it rose to ₹9,04,461 crores (3.83% of GDP).
• Per capita health expenditure rose from ₹5,436 (2020-21) to ₹6,602 (2021-22).
• Implications of increased government spending: Reduction in financial hardships due to lower OOPE. Strengthened public healthcare services and progress toward Universal Health Coverage (UHC).
• Reduction in financial hardships due to lower OOPE.
• Strengthened public healthcare services and progress toward Universal Health Coverage (UHC).
• COVID-19 Response: Significant increases in health expenditure reflect government efforts to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic through expanded healthcare infrastructure and vaccination programs.
• Significant increases in health expenditure reflect government efforts to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic through expanded healthcare infrastructure and vaccination programs.
• NHA Framework: The NHA framework aligns with System of Health Accounts (SHA) 2011, facilitating international comparisons and improving healthcare financial transparency.
• The NHA framework aligns with System of Health Accounts (SHA) 2011, facilitating international comparisons and improving healthcare financial transparency.
This rise in health expenditure, improved public health access, and reduction in OOPE reflect India’s proactive approach toward achieving UHC and ensuring financial protection for its citizens.
Note: You don’t need to remember all the data but try to remember certain specific data which can be used as value addition in exam.
Insta Links:
• Public health challenges
• Health infrastructure
PYQ:
• “Besides being a moral imperative of a Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary precondition for sustainable development.” Analyse. (2021)
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 5 October 2024 GS Paper 3:
India’s Employment Growth
- •Syllabus: Employment*
- •Source: PIB*
Context: India has witnessed significant employment growth over the years. With the employment increased by nearly 36%, adding around 17 million jobs during 2016-17 and 2022-23, India’s economic trajectory demonstrates sustained job creation across key sectors.
Summary of India’s Employment Growth (2016-2023):
• Employment growth: India’s employment grew by 36%, adding 17 million jobs between 2016-17 and 2022-23. This challenges the concept of “jobless growth” and shows a positive correlation between GDP growth and job creation.
• Worker population ratio (WPR): WPR increased by 9 percentage points, reflecting a 26% rise in employment from 2017 to 2023, based on PLFS data.
• Consumption-driven growth: India’s growth is driven by domestic consumption, which suggests that more people are securing employment and boosting economic demand.
• Employment elasticity: Between 2017-23, a 1% GDP increase led to a 1.11% rise in employment, indicating strong job creation relative to economic growth.
• Sectoral job creation: The services sector showed high labor intensity with a labor-capital ratio of 1.17, highlighting robust job generation in the services industry.
Sector-Specific Insights:
• Improved labor market: Unemployment fell to 3.2% in 2022-23, showing significant labor market improvement.
• Sectoral shift: While agriculture still employs 45% of the workforce, there’s a growing shift toward manufacturing and services.
• Youth employment: Youth unemployment (ages 15-29) declined from 17.8% in 2017-18 to 10% in 2022-23.
• Female participation: Female labor participation has steadily increased due to policy support.
• Wage growth: Rural wages grew at 6.9% CAGR (FY15-FY22), while urban wages grew at 6.1%, reflecting higher labor demand.
Economic Growth
• Real GDP grew by 8.2% in FY23-24, while the manufacturing sector grew 9.9% after a previous decline of -2.2% in FY22-23.
Conclusion
India’s job market has strengthened, supported by economic growth, government policies, and skilling initiatives. Further investments in education and healthcare will sustain this positive trend.
Note: You don’t need to remember all the data but try to remember certain specific data which can be used as value addition in exam.
Insta Links:
• ILO India-employment-report-2024
• Unemployment
Disguised unemployment generally means (UPSC – 2013)
a) large number of people remain unemployed
b) alternative employment is not available
c) marginal productivity of labour is zero
d) productivity of workers is low
Answer: c)
- 1.Most of the unemployment in India is structural in nature. Examine the methodology adopted to compute unemployment in the country and suggest improvements. (UPSC – 2023)
Naxalism
- •Syllabus: Naxalism, Internal security*
- •Source: TH*
Context: Recently security forces in Chhattisgarh’s Bastar region engaged in a significant gunfight with Naxalites, resulting in the death of 28 insurgents. This marks one of the highest casualty tolls in recent anti-Naxal operations.
About Naxalism:
• Origins in Naxalbari: The Naxalite movement began in 1967 in Naxalbari village, West Bengal, when peasants led an uprising against local landlords over land disputes.
• Maoist Ideology: The movement was inspired by Maoist political ideology, advocating armed rebellion to overthrow the state and redistribute land and resources to oppressed communities.
• Spread to Tribal Regions: Naxalism gradually spread to underdeveloped and tribal areas, particularly in states like Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand, and parts of Andhra Pradesh.
• Objective: The Naxalites aimed to challenge the Indian state through armed insurgency, focusing on the redistribution of land, wealth, and resources to marginalized and tribal communities.
• Red Corridor Zones The Red Corridor refers to areas significantly affected by Naxalite-Maoist insurgency. It includes regions in Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, and Telangana.
• The Red Corridor refers to areas significantly affected by Naxalite-Maoist insurgency. It includes regions in Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, and Telangana.
Reasons for Naxalism’s growth:
• Tribal displacement: Massive displacement due to development projects and mining activities has fueled discontent among tribal populations, making them vulnerable to Maoist influence.
• Socio-economic gaps: Poverty, lack of education, and absence of government welfare programs in tribal and rural areas have deepened grievances.
• State negligence: Lack of infrastructural development, poor connectivity, and weak governance in the Red Corridor have created vacuums that Maoists exploit.
• Forest rights: The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 restricts access to forest produce, further alienating forest-dependent communities.
• Government focus on security: The government’s emphasis on security measures rather than addressing underlying socio-economic issues has left many grievances unresolved.
Steps taken by the government:
Legal measures:
• Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA): Declares Naxalite groups as terrorist organizations and enables swift action against them.
• Relief and Rehabilitation Policy: Encourages Naxalites to surrender and join the mainstream by offering rehabilitation packages.
• Forest Rights Act, 2006: Aims to restore land rights to tribal communities, addressing one of the root causes of insurgency.
Military measures:
• Operation Green Hunt: Launched in 2010, this large-scale counter-insurgency operation has significantly reduced Naxal activities.
• Greyhounds force: Special forces unit in Andhra Pradesh trained for guerrilla warfare against Naxalites.
• Coordination with state forces: Increased cooperation between central paramilitary forces and state police, improving intelligence and response.
Developmental measures:
• Aspirational Districts Programme: Targets underdeveloped regions, including those affected by Naxalism, to enhance healthcare, education, and infrastructure.
• Skill development programs: Initiatives to train the tribal youth in vocational skills and reduce their dependency on Naxalite ideologies.
• Infrastructure development: Road and telecom connectivity projects have been launched in remote areas, enhancing access to basic services and governance.
Way ahead
• Addressing socio-economic grievances: Focus on addressing root causes such as land disputes, tribal rights, and poverty through inclusive policies.
• Enhanced intelligence: Improve real-time intelligence gathering and collaboration between state and central forces.
• Sustained development: Ensure the long-term implementation of development schemes and socio-economic programs.
Conclusion:
To comprehensively address Naxalism, India must balance military actions with efforts to improve tribal livelihoods and ensure access to “Jal, Jangal, Zameen”, the fundamental demands of tribal populations.
Insta Links:
• Urban Naxalism
• The persisting drives of the government for development of large industries in backward areas have resulted in isolating the tribal population and the farmers who face multiple displacements. With Malkangiri and Naxalbari foci, discuss the corrective strategies needed to win the Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) doctrine that affected citizens back into the mainstream of social and economic growth. (UPSC – 2015)
• What are the determinants of left-wing extremism in the Eastern part of India? What strategy should the Government of India, civil administration and security forces adopt to counter the threat in the affected areas? (UPSC – 2020)
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 5 October 2024 Content for Mains Enrichment (CME)
Case of Kritarth
Context: In a tragic incident in Uttar Pradesh’s Hathras, a 10-year-old boy, Kritarth, was allegedly killed in what the police claim was a “sacrificial ritual” performed by the owners of the school he attended. The boy’s father, Krishna, after a frantic search, found his son’s lifeless body in a car, with disturbing marks on it. The police have arrested several individuals connected to the school and are investigating the involvement of occult practices. However, Kritarth’s father remains unconvinced, rejecting the idea of ritualistic beliefs and suspecting a deeper conspiracy behind the murder.
This story highlights the profound ethical dilemmas surrounding crimes against vulnerable populations, the moral failures of institutions responsible for their care, and the role of superstition in influencing extreme actions in contemporary society. It underscores the need for strong moral accountability in both public and private institutions to prevent such atrocities.
Use in UPSC ethics syllabus:
• Ethical dilemmas in institutions: Highlights moral failures in education settings, emphasizing the need for ethical leadership.
• Probity in governance: Demonstrates the collapse of trust in positions of responsibility, showing the importance of institutional accountability.
• Superstition and rationality: Shows the harmful impact of superstitions when used as a justification for unethical actions.
Use in UPSC essay:
• Moral failures in society: Provides an example of societal ethical breakdown when superstition and financial distress intersect.
• Institutional trust and accountability: Demonstrates how the lack of accountability in institutions leads to disastrous consequences.
• Cultural and ethical reforms: Illustrates the need for ethical reform to counter irrational practices in vulnerable communities.
A tribe out of time
Context: The Chenchu tribe of Panukumadugu, nestled deep within Andhra Pradesh’s Nallamala forest, faces a difficult challenge in balancing their traditional lifestyle with the pressures of a rapidly modernizing world. As one of the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), they have historically relied on subsistence farming and gathering, but with declining access to modern tools like bank accounts and mobile phones, they are increasingly marginalized. The transition to Aadhaar-linked payments for welfare schemes like MGNREGA has left many Chenchus out of vital employment opportunities, further deepening their poverty. Despite government efforts, such as the MGNREGS Chenchu Special Project, the community is struggling to adapt to a system that seems increasingly distant from their traditional way of life. The Chenchus’ story is one of a community caught between the past and the future, grappling with issues of identity, survival, and access to development in an evolving world.
Usage in UPSC:
• GS2 (Governance, Social Justice): Can be used to highlight challenges in tribal welfare, the limitations of Aadhaar-linked welfare schemes, and the need for tailored governance approaches for vulnerable groups.
• Can be used to highlight challenges in tribal welfare, the limitations of Aadhaar-linked welfare schemes, and the need for tailored governance approaches for vulnerable groups.
• GS4 (Ethics and Integrity): The Chenchus’ struggle illustrates ethical governance challenges, particularly in ensuring equitable access and addressing marginalization in a diverse society.
• The Chenchus’ struggle illustrates ethical governance challenges, particularly in ensuring equitable access and addressing marginalization in a diverse society.
• Essay: Provides an example for topics on inclusive growth, social justice, and tribal welfare, showing how modernization can create unintended disparities if not managed inclusively.
• Provides an example for topics on inclusive growth, social justice, and tribal welfare, showing how modernization can create unintended disparities if not managed inclusively.
Weed and Agriculture
Context: A recent study commissioned by the Federation of Seed Industry of India (FSII) revealed significant crop productivity losses caused by weeds, amounting to ₹92,000 crore ($11 billion) annually. The study focused on understanding weed-related crop damage and recommending strategies for better weed management.
Key findings:
• Impact on crop yield: Weeds are responsible for 25-26% yield losses in kharif crops and 18-25% in rabi crops across India.
• Affected crops: The study covered seven major crops, including rice, wheat, maize, cotton, sugarcane, soybean, and mustard, from 30 districts in 11 States.
• Farmer and dealer input: Over 3,200 farmers and 300 dealers were consulted, along with experts from Krishi Vigyan Kendras and the Agriculture department.
• Economic Costs: Farmers spend ₹3,700 to ₹7,900 per acre on weed control, with weeds being a leading factor in crop losses among biotic stresses.
• Weed management recommendations: Herbicides and mechanization. Crop rotation and cover cropping. Biological control measures.
• Herbicides and mechanization.
• Crop rotation and cover cropping.
• Biological control measures.
• Cost reduction: Implementing these strategies could reduce costs by 40-60% compared to traditional methods.
Source: Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) & FSII, “Weed Management — Emerging Challenges & Management Strategies” report.
UPSC GS3 syllabus:
• Agriculture: Impact of weeds on crop productivity (₹92,000 crore loss annually) directly ties to challenges in Indian agriculture. Weed control methods (herbicides, mechanization, crop rotation) connect with agricultural practices and inputs.
• Impact of weeds on crop productivity (₹92,000 crore loss annually) directly ties to challenges in Indian agriculture.
• Weed control methods (herbicides, mechanization, crop rotation) connect with agricultural practices and inputs.
• Science and technology in agriculture: Adoption of technology-driven weed management can be linked to technology indigenization and advancements in agriculture.
• Economic development: Financial losses due to weeds impacting farmers’ incomes can be tied to inclusive growth and farmer welfare issues.
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 5 October 2024 Facts for Prelims (FFP)
Co-District
- •Source: IE*
Context: Assam has become the first state in India to implement a new administrative structure known as Co-Districts, aimed at improving governance and accessibility of public services. The inaugural phase will take place on October 4 and 5, 2024, when 39 Co-Districts will be officially launched.
About Co-Districts:
• What It Is: Co-districts are smaller administrative units under Assam’s district administration, established to decentralize governance.
• Objective: Aimed at making administrative services more accessible to citizens by bringing governance closer to their homes.
• Functions: Co-districts handle administrative tasks such as issuing ration cards, caste certificates, managing land revenue matters, excise, development, welfare work, and disaster management. They also have magisterial powers.
• Difference from Districts: Leadership: Co-districts are led by an Assistant District Commissioner, while districts are led by a Deputy Commissioner. Size: Co-districts cover smaller geographical areas compared to districts. Autonomy: While districts have full administrative control over various departments, co-districts serve as a localized extension, reducing the administrative burden on district-level offices.
• Leadership: Co-districts are led by an Assistant District Commissioner, while districts are led by a Deputy Commissioner.
• Size: Co-districts cover smaller geographical areas compared to districts.
• Autonomy: While districts have full administrative control over various departments, co-districts serve as a localized extension, reducing the administrative burden on district-level offices.
• Launch: The first phase started in 2024 with the creation of 21 co-districts, and 18 more are expected to follow, with the goal of covering all 126 assembly constituencies.
Insta links:
• District administration
India-USA MoU
- •Source: HT*
Context: With an eye on reducing dependence on China, India and the US signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to expand and diversify the critical minerals supply chain at a bilateral commercial dialogue.
Origin and Nations involved:
• Countries involved: India and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) aimed at expanding and diversifying critical mineral supply chains. This agreement is part of a broader effort to reduce dependence on China for critical minerals, which are essential for modern technology and clean energy transitions.
• This agreement is part of a broader effort to reduce dependence on China for critical minerals, which are essential for modern technology and clean energy transitions.
• Objective: The MOU aims to strengthen cooperation in areas like mineral exploration, extraction, processing, recycling, and recovery between India and the US.
Key Features:
• The agreement focuses on improving the resilience of the critical minerals sector by identifying equipment, policies, and best practices that both countries can adopt.
• It also emphasizes joint projects in third countries and cooperation in newer areas like semiconductors and clean energy.
• Both countries are working to create a sustainable supply chain for critical minerals like Rare Earth Elements (REEs), lithium, and others, given China’s dominance in the sector.
Initiatives taken by India:
• Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog): Highlighted the need for critical minerals for industrial growth, identifying 12 strategic minerals, including lithium, cobalt, and tungsten.
• Ministry of Mines: Set up a steering committee to review rare-earth elements and energy-critical elements. Studies on India’s mineral reserves were conducted to formulate a strategy.
• Geological Survey of India (GSI): Developed plans to enhance rare earth exploration, crucial for securing India’s mineral resources.
• Council on Energy, Environment, and Water (CEEW): Conducted studies identifying 13 minerals critical for India by 2030, essential for manufacturing and clean energy.
Dr. Veena Kumari Dermal committee:
• Objective: To assess the importance and supply risks of critical minerals using a three-stage process: international study, inter-ministerial consultation, and statistical analysis.
• Outcome: 30 minerals were identified as critical, based on factors like availability, substitutability, and supply risks, with two minerals categorized as crucial for fertilizers.
Insta links:
• Critical-minerals-resilient-supply-chains
Elephant Census Method
- •Source: IE*
Context: The Environment Ministry has shelved its elephant census report, ‘Status of Elephant in India 2022-23’, citing a delay in the census in the Northeast.
Aspect | Old Method (Pre-2002) | New Method (Post-2022)
Direct Count | Simple headcount of elephants based on sightings | Refined direct count through sample block method, where 5 sq km blocks are surveyed
Dung Count | Introduced in 2002: Indirect method based on dung decay rate and defecation rate of elephants to estimate population. | Still used in conjunction with more advanced genetic methods in selected landscapes
Genetic Mark-Recapture | Not used | DNA analysis of elephant dung samples, identifying individual elephants through microsatellite markers
Extrapolation | Elephant numbers extrapolated based on limited observations in certain regions | Extrapolated data combined with genetic data, increasing accuracy for unsurveyed regions
Combined Estimation | Old methods lacked integration with other wildlife data | Now synchronized with tiger census data for better landscape-level management and policy recommendations
Protection status of Elephant:
• IUCN Status: Classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
• Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972: Listed in Schedule I for highest protection.
• CITES: Included in Appendix I, prohibiting international trade except in rare circumstances.
The new methods of counting elephants, using genetic mark-recapture models, offer a more accurate picture of elephant populations. However, habitat loss, conflict, and threats like mining and low-hanging power lines continue to threaten the species.
Insta links:
• 30 years of Project Elephant
Modified Eco-mark Scheme
Source: PIB
Context: The Ecomark Scheme was introduced to promote eco-friendly products in alignment with the ‘LiFE’ (Lifestyle for Environment) mission initiated in 2021.
• The revised scheme, notified in 2024, replaces the earlier 1991 version, and focuses on reducing environmental impacts, promoting resource efficiency, and encouraging sustainable production and consumption.
Key features of the scheme include:
• Accreditation of products based on specific environmental criteria, ensuring minimal environmental harm.
• Reduction in energy consumption and promoting a circular economy by utilizing recycled materials and eco-friendly production methods.
• The scheme mandates accurate labelling to avoid misleading claims about product sustainability.
• Implementation is overseen by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).
The scheme is a step towards achieving sustainability goals, supporting both consumer awareness and motivating manufacturers to adopt eco-friendly practices.
Insta Links:
• Eco-mark scheme
Polymer nanocomposite
- •Source: PIB*
Context: Researchers from Centre for Nano and Soft matter Sciences (CeNS), Bengluru have developed a polymer nanocomposite for pressure sensing and energy harvesting applications and used it to invent a prototype of a road safety sensor.
About Polymer Nanocomposite:
• Chemical and Physical Properties:
• The polymer nanocomposite is primarily composed of vanadium disulfide (VS2) nanoparticles integrated into polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), a piezoelectric polymer. VS2 has high surface charge properties, which enhance the piezoelectric effect of PVDF. The nanocomposite exhibits high flexibility, durability, and energy-harvesting capabilities, which are crucial for pressure sensing applications. It can generate electricity via the piezoelectric effect, converting mechanical pressure into electrical energy.
• The polymer nanocomposite is primarily composed of vanadium disulfide (VS2) nanoparticles integrated into polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), a piezoelectric polymer.
• VS2 has high surface charge properties, which enhance the piezoelectric effect of PVDF.
• The nanocomposite exhibits high flexibility, durability, and energy-harvesting capabilities, which are crucial for pressure sensing applications.
• It can generate electricity via the piezoelectric effect, converting mechanical pressure into electrical energy.
• Departments Involved:
• This project is part of ongoing research by Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bengaluru. Funded under the INSPIRE faculty fellowship program by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), India.
• This project is part of ongoing research by Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bengaluru.
• Funded under the INSPIRE faculty fellowship program by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), India.
• Features:
• Self-powered sensor: The nanocomposite generates energy through pressure and does not need an external power source. Energy harvesting: The sensor can store energy produced through the piezoelectric effect, which can be utilized to power electronic devices. Smart application: It can be used for road safety sensors to alert vehicles approaching dangerous turns or high-risk zones.
• Self-powered sensor: The nanocomposite generates energy through pressure and does not need an external power source.
• Energy harvesting: The sensor can store energy produced through the piezoelectric effect, which can be utilized to power electronic devices.
• Smart application: It can be used for road safety sensors to alert vehicles approaching dangerous turns or high-risk zones.
• Significance:
• The polymer nanocomposite demonstrates potential for sustainable and flexible energy generation. The application of this technology in road safety can significantly reduce accident rates by providing real-time alerts at critical turning points. The use of smart sensors can pave the way for advanced wearable technology and other self-powered devices, contributing to artificial intelligence and automation sectors.
• The polymer nanocomposite demonstrates potential for sustainable and flexible energy generation.
• The application of this technology in road safety can significantly reduce accident rates by providing real-time alerts at critical turning points.
• The use of smart sensors can pave the way for advanced wearable technology and other self-powered devices, contributing to artificial intelligence and automation sectors.
Insta links:
• Polymer nanocomposite – Defence
Tags: GS3, Polymer Nanocomposite
International Medical Device Regulators Forum
Source: TH
Context: India has become an affiliate member of the International Medical Device Regulators Forum, which will open doors to invaluable opportunities for reliance and collaboration with regulatory authorities worldwide.
About International Medical Device Regulators Forum (IMDRF):
• Established: 2011
• Objective: Aims to harmonize and converge global medical device regulations, reducing regulatory complexity for manufacturers and enhancing public health through collaboration.
Membership:
• Key Members: Regulatory authorities from the U.S., EU, Australia, Canada, Japan, UK, Brazil, Russia, China, South Korea, Singapore, and the World Health Organization (WHO).
Key benefits:
• Harmonization of regulations: Reduces complexity for medical device manufacturers and accelerates access to new devices.
• Support for innovation: Promotes innovation and faster market entry of new medical devices by simplifying regulatory requirements.
Significance for India:
• Regulatory strengthening: India’s participation helps strengthen the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization’s (CDSCO) regulatory system for medical devices.
• Global recognition: Enhances India’s alignment with global regulatory standards, fostering collaboration and ensuring public health safety.
• Technical exchange: Offers India an opportunity for information exchange on emerging medical device regulations and trends with other international regulators.
Insta links:
• National-medical-devices-policy-2023
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