UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 3 June 2025
Kartavya Desk Staff
UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 3 June 2025 covers important current affairs of the day, their backward linkages, their relevance for Prelims exam and MCQs on main articles
InstaLinks : Insta Links help you think beyond the current affairs issue and help you think multidimensionally to develop depth in your understanding of these issues. These linkages provided in this ‘hint’ format help you frame possible questions in your mind that might arise(or an examiner might imagine) from each current event. InstaLinks also connect every issue to their static or theoretical background.
Table of Contents
GS Paper 2 : (UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 3 June (2025)
• India-Japan Maritime Relation
India-Japan Maritime Relation
GS Paper 4:
• Corporate Governance
Corporate Governance
Content for Mains Enrichment (CME):
• India Green Economy Potential
India Green Economy Potential
Facts for Prelims (FFP):
• Operation Spider’s Web
Operation Spider’s Web
• Seva Se Seekhen Campaign
Seva Se Seekhen Campaign
• BharatGen AI Model
BharatGen AI Model
• Guidelines for the Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India
Guidelines for the Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India
• UMEED Portal
UMEED Portal
• Israel’s Laser Beam Defence System
Israel’s Laser Beam Defence System
Mapping:
UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 3 June 2025
#### GS Paper 2:
India-Japan Maritime Relation
Syllabus: International Relations
Source: NDTV
Context: India and Japan have held high-level bilateral discussions to deepen cooperation in maritime affairs, including port digitisation, shipbuilding, and the employment of Indian seafarers, marking a new phase in strategic maritime collaboration.
Key Highlight about India-Japan Maritime Relation:
• Investment and Infrastructure: Japan showed interest in investing in Indian shipyards and port infrastructure, such as Imabari Shipbuilding’s proposed greenfield project in Andhra Pradesh.
• Port Digitisation: Agreement on enhancing digital technologies in port operations to improve efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.
• Smart Islands Development: Japan to assist India in converting Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep into smart, green islands using renewable energy and disaster-resilient systems.
• Employment and Training: Japan expressed interest in employing skilled Indian seafarers; India has over 1.54 lakh trained personnel available.
• R&D and Technology Transfer: Collaboration in next-gen ship design, sustainable maritime tech, and increased cooperation in research through Indian agencies and Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL).
Over view of India-Japan Relations:
• Strategic Partnership: Both nations share the Indo-Pacific vision (Free and Open Indo-Pacific and Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative), work under the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue and Supply Chain Resilience Initiative frameworks to counter China’s dominance in the region.
• Economic Engagement: Bilateral trade was United States Dollar 21.96 billion in Financial Year 2022–23; target of five trillion-yen (Rs 3.2 lakh crore) investment by 2027.
• Infrastructure Development: Joint ventures in Mumbai-Ahmedabad Bullet Train and North-East development align with Japan’s Partnership for Quality Infrastructure model.
• Energy and Technology Collaboration: Clean Energy Partnership (2022), civil nuclear agreement (2017), and Lunar Polar Exploration Mission with Indian Space Research Organisation and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency.
• People-to-People Ties: Programmes like Technical Intern Training Programme and Specified Skilled Worker help India supply skilled manpower to Japan’s aging economy.
Challenges in Bilateral Ties:
• Trade Imbalance: Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement has not yielded expected growth and India’s exports remain low due to non-tariff barriers and strict standards.
• Foreign Direct Investment Limitations: Japan’s total Foreign Direct Investment in India is still a small share of its global investment footprint.
• Geopolitical Divergences: Different approaches to China and Russia; Japan aligns more with United States strategy while India maintains strategic autonomy.
• Project Delays: High-speed rail and Asia-Africa Growth Corridor have faced slow implementation due to procedural bottlenecks.
Significance of the Maritime Agreement:
• Strategic Leverage: Enhances maritime security, strengthens port connectivity, and supports India’s Indo-Pacific strategy.
• Green Shipping Push: Aligns with India’s Maritime India Vision 2030 and Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047 for carbon-neutral logistics.
• Employment Boost: Leverages India’s large seafaring workforce and creates new skilled job avenues.
• Innovation and Technology Transfer: Fosters sustainable maritime innovation through Japanese technology and research and development partnerships.
Conclusion:
India-Japan maritime cooperation represents a convergence of economic, strategic, and environmental interests. As both nations navigate regional challenges, this partnership can serve as a model for Indo-Pacific collaboration. Strengthening maritime ties will be pivotal for a resilient and secure maritime future.
• ‘The time has come for India and Japan to build a strong contemporary relationship, one involving global and strategic partnership that will have a great significance for Asia and the world as a whole.’ Comment. (2019)
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 3 June 2025 GS Paper 4:
Corporate Governance
Syllabus: Corporate governance
Source: LL
Context: India has witnessed a surge in corporate governance failures, with recent scandals involving Gensol Engineering, BluSmart, BharatPe, GoMechanic, and DHFL.
About Corporate Governance:
What is Corporate Governance?
• Corporate governance refers to the system of rules, practices, and processes that direct and control companies.
• It ensures accountability, transparency, and integrity in managing stakeholder interests, particularly in financial and ethical decision-making.
Core Principles of Corporate Governance
• Fairness: All stakeholders—including shareholders, employees, suppliers, and communities—must be treated equitably and with integrity, ensuring no undue advantage to any party.
E.g. Equal voting rights for minority shareholders.
• Transparency: Companies must maintain open and timely disclosure of material information such as financials, risks, and conflicts of interest to stakeholders.
E.g. Quarterly audited statements improve trust and accountability.
• Risk Management: Boards and management must identify, evaluate, and mitigate financial, operational, and reputational risks, and communicate these to relevant stakeholders.
E.g. ESG risk disclosures mandated under SEBI norms.
• Responsibility: The board has the duty to oversee management, ensure long-term company performance, and act in the best interests of shareholders.
E.g. CEO appointment and strategic direction fall under board responsibility.
• Accountability: Company leadership must be answerable for performance outcomes, strategic choices, and the company’s adherence to ethical and financial standards.
E.g. Annual general meetings promote board accountability.
Reasons Behind Corporate Governance Failures:
• Diversion of Investor Funds: Misuse of funds for personal expenses instead of core business goals.
E.g. Gensol promoters allegedly used EV funds to buy luxury residences.
• Non-disclosure of Related-Party Transactions: Funds routed through promoter-controlled shell companies.
E.g. BluSmart diverted capital using opaque loops, breaking disclosure norms.
• Falsified Financial Reporting: Misstated revenues and forged documents to attract funding.
E.g. GoMechanic admitted to inflating revenue figures; Satyam did the same at scale.
• Weak Board Supervision: Lack of independent checks due to promoter-controlled boards.
E.g. Directors lacked authority to intervene in fraudulent activities.
• Lack of Compliance Systems: No real-time monitoring of transactions or compliance red flags.
E.g. No internal control detected Gensol’s lifestyle fund misuse.
• Information Asymmetry: Investors misled by false representations and lacked due diligence.
E.g. Gensol investors loaned large sums without verifying financial claims.
Measures to Improve Corporate Governance:
• Independent Board Oversight: Mandatory inclusion of independent, empowered board members to counter promoter influence.
• Tiered Financial Controls: Escalation protocols for high-value or strategic transactions to ensure checks and balances.
• External Audits and Audit Committees: Regular audits by reputed third parties and active audit committee oversight.
• Whistle-blower Mechanism: Anonymous reporting with anti-retaliation safeguards to detect internal fraud early.
• Conflict of Interest Declarations: Mandatory declarations and board reviews of any related-party dealings.
• Ethics as Strategy: Promote governance not just as compliance, but a core element of sustainable strategy.
Conclusion:
The recent wave of governance scandals highlights that growth without integrity is unsustainable. For companies, robust governance is no longer optional—it is a strategic necessity. Embedding transparency, accountability, and ethical leadership is key to rebuilding public trust and investor confidence.
• What do you understand by ‘moral integrity’ and ‘professional efficiency’ in the context of corporate governance in India? Illustrate with suitable examples. (2023)
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 3 June 2025 Content for Mains Enrichment (CME)
India Green Economy Potential
Context: A recent NLB Services report forecasts that India will generate 7.29 million green jobs by FY28 and 35 million by 2047.
About India Green Economy Potential:
• What is the Green Economy? A green economy refers to economic activities that reduce environmental risks, improve ecological sustainability, and generate employment through low-carbon, resource-efficient, and inclusive growth.
• A green economy refers to economic activities that reduce environmental risks, improve ecological sustainability, and generate employment through low-carbon, resource-efficient, and inclusive growth.
• Key Highlights from the Report Green Jobs Projection:
• Green Jobs Projection:
• India is expected to generate 7.29 million green jobs by FY 2027–28. The total number of green jobs could reach 35 million by 2047.
• India is expected to generate 7.29 million green jobs by FY 2027–28. The total number of green jobs could reach 35 million by 2047.
• India is expected to generate 7.29 million green jobs by FY 2027–28.
• The total number of green jobs could reach 35 million by 2047.
• Green Economy Value Forecast:
• The green economy is projected to reach a value of $1 trillion by 2030. By 2070, it could grow to $15 trillion, supporting India’s net-zero ambitions.
• The green economy is projected to reach a value of $1 trillion by 2030. By 2070, it could grow to $15 trillion, supporting India’s net-zero ambitions.
• The green economy is projected to reach a value of $1 trillion by 2030.
• By 2070, it could grow to $15 trillion, supporting India’s net-zero ambitions.
• Potential Trends in Employment
• Tier II and Tier III Cities: These are projected to generate 35–40% of the green jobs by FY28, especially in sectors like sustainable agriculture, logistics, and warehousing.
• Tier II and Tier III Cities: These are projected to generate 35–40% of the green jobs by FY28, especially in sectors like sustainable agriculture, logistics, and warehousing.
• Tier II and Tier III Cities: These are projected to generate 35–40% of the green jobs by FY28, especially in sectors like sustainable agriculture, logistics, and warehousing.
• Evolving Skill Requirements:
• Increasing demand for hands-on green technology skills. Growing need for digital literacy, especially in AI, Blockchain, and IoT applications. Strong focus on industry-academia partnerships to align curricula with sustainability and climate goals.
• Increasing demand for hands-on green technology skills. Growing need for digital literacy, especially in AI, Blockchain, and IoT applications. Strong focus on industry-academia partnerships to align curricula with sustainability and climate goals.
• Increasing demand for hands-on green technology skills.
• Growing need for digital literacy, especially in AI, Blockchain, and IoT applications.
• Strong focus on industry-academia partnerships to align curricula with sustainability and climate goals.
UPSC Syllabus Relevance:
• GS Paper 3: Pertains to employment generation, sustainable economic growth, and the integration of green technologies in infrastructure and climate-resilient development.
• Pertains to employment generation, sustainable economic growth, and the integration of green technologies in infrastructure and climate-resilient development.
• GS Paper 2: Connects with inclusive development initiatives, including Skill India Mission, and policies aimed at promoting green skill training and workforce readiness.
• Connects with inclusive development initiatives, including Skill India Mission, and policies aimed at promoting green skill training and workforce readiness.
• Essay Paper: Relevant for essays on the future of employment, environmentally sustainable development, and the emergence of a green-digital economy.
• Relevant for essays on the future of employment, environmentally sustainable development, and the emergence of a green-digital economy.
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 3 June Facts for Prelims (FFP)
Operation Spider’s Web
Source: BS
Context: Ukraine executed Operation Spider’s Web, its largest drone offensive, destroying $7 billion worth of Russian aircraft.
About Operation Spider’s Web:
• What is Operation Spider’s Web? Operation Spider’s Web is a high-precision, long-range drone operation launched by Ukraine targeting Russian airbases deep within enemy territory.
• Operation Spider’s Web is a high-precision, long-range drone operation launched by Ukraine targeting Russian airbases deep within enemy territory.
• Nations Involved:
• Ukraine: Executing the offensive through its military and intelligence agencies. Russia: The target of the drone assault, which affected strategic airpower assets.
• Ukraine: Executing the offensive through its military and intelligence agencies.
• Russia: The target of the drone assault, which affected strategic airpower assets.
• Objective:
• To cripple Russia’s strategic bomber fleet, especially aircraft capable of launching cruise missiles and nuclear payloads. To showcase deep-strike capability and shift tactical momentum ahead of peace negotiations.
• To cripple Russia’s strategic bomber fleet, especially aircraft capable of launching cruise missiles and nuclear payloads.
• To showcase deep-strike capability and shift tactical momentum ahead of peace negotiations.
• Key Features of Operation Spider’s Web:
• Scale: Planned over 18 months by the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU). Drone Deployment: 117 explosive-laden drones launched. Aircraft types hit: Tu-95, Tu-160, Tu-22M bombers and A-50 early-warning planes. Tactical Innovation: Drones were concealed in wooden sheds on civilian trucks—a tactic likened to the Trojan Horse. Drones were remotely launched after being placed near airbases across multiple Russian time zones.
• Scale: Planned over 18 months by the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU).
• Drone Deployment: 117 explosive-laden drones launched. Aircraft types hit: Tu-95, Tu-160, Tu-22M bombers and A-50 early-warning planes.
• 117 explosive-laden drones launched.
• Aircraft types hit: Tu-95, Tu-160, Tu-22M bombers and A-50 early-warning planes.
• Tactical Innovation: Drones were concealed in wooden sheds on civilian trucks—a tactic likened to the Trojan Horse. Drones were remotely launched after being placed near airbases across multiple Russian time zones.
• Drones were concealed in wooden sheds on civilian trucks—a tactic likened to the Trojan Horse.
• Drones were remotely launched after being placed near airbases across multiple Russian time zones.
• Airbases attacked: Belaya (Irkutsk), Olenya (Murmansk), Dyagilevo (Ryazan), Ivanovo Severny, and Ukrainka.
• Timing and Symbolism: Launched just hours after Russia’s deadly Iskander missile strike on Dnipropetrovsk. Acted as a prelude to peace talks, strengthening Ukraine’s bargaining power.
• Timing and Symbolism: Launched just hours after Russia’s deadly Iskander missile strike on Dnipropetrovsk. Acted as a prelude to peace talks, strengthening Ukraine’s bargaining power.
• Launched just hours after Russia’s deadly Iskander missile strike on Dnipropetrovsk.
• Acted as a prelude to peace talks, strengthening Ukraine’s bargaining power.
Seva Se Seekhen Campaign
Source: PIB
Context: Youth volunteers will begin their 15-day engagement at Jan Aushadhi Kendras under the Government of India’s Seva Se Seekhen campaign.
About Seva Se Seekhen Campaign:
• What is It? A youth engagement and hands-on learning campaign designed to involve young citizens in public service environments like Jan Aushadhi Kendras (JAKs).
• A youth engagement and hands-on learning campaign designed to involve young citizens in public service environments like Jan Aushadhi Kendras (JAKs).
• Launched In: Introduced in 2025, as part of India’s National Youth Development Framework.
• Nodal Ministries:
• Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
• Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports
• Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
• Objectives:
• Foster experiential learning by placing youth in service environments. Enhance public health awareness and generic medicine outreach. Develop soft and technical skills related to inventory, logistics, and community service. Encourage nation-building values like discipline, empathy, and grassroots engagement.
• Foster experiential learning by placing youth in service environments.
• Enhance public health awareness and generic medicine outreach.
• Develop soft and technical skills related to inventory, logistics, and community service.
• Encourage nation-building values like discipline, empathy, and grassroots engagement.
• Key Features:
• Nationwide Deployment: Five youth volunteers per district, embedded in five Jan Aushadhi Kendras each. Total outreach expected across all Indian states and UTs. Target Groups: Volunteers drawn from MY Bharat, NSS, pharmacy colleges, and other youth platforms. Roles and Activities: Supporting day-to-day operations and customer service. Promoting generic medicine literacy. Learning inventory, stock, and logistics management. Engaging in community health awareness campaigns. Duration: 15-day structured internship with guided tasks and observations.
• Nationwide Deployment: Five youth volunteers per district, embedded in five Jan Aushadhi Kendras each. Total outreach expected across all Indian states and UTs.
• Five youth volunteers per district, embedded in five Jan Aushadhi Kendras each.
• Total outreach expected across all Indian states and UTs.
• Target Groups: Volunteers drawn from MY Bharat, NSS, pharmacy colleges, and other youth platforms.
• Roles and Activities: Supporting day-to-day operations and customer service. Promoting generic medicine literacy. Learning inventory, stock, and logistics management. Engaging in community health awareness campaigns.
• Supporting day-to-day operations and customer service.
• Promoting generic medicine literacy.
• Learning inventory, stock, and logistics management.
• Engaging in community health awareness campaigns.
• Duration: 15-day structured internship with guided tasks and observations.
BharatGen AI Model
Source: DD News
Context: India launched ‘BharatGen’, its first government-funded multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) designed for Indian languages at the BharatGen Summit 2025.
About BharatGen AI Model:
• What is It? ‘BharatGen’ is a multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) that supports text, speech, and image-based AI outputs in 22 Indian languages, developed to meet India’s regional, linguistic, and cultural diversity needs.
• ‘BharatGen’ is a multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) that supports text, speech, and image-based AI outputs in 22 Indian languages, developed to meet India’s regional, linguistic, and cultural diversity needs.
• Developed By: Led by the TIH Foundation for IoT and IoE at IIT Bombay.
• Funded under: The National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS).
• Objectives: To build a democratic AI ecosystem rooted in Indian languages and values. To create ethical, inclusive AI tools accessible to all regions and social groups. To support region-specific solutions across governance, health, education, and agriculture. To foster AI-based entrepreneurship, innovation, and R&D capacity in India.
• To build a democratic AI ecosystem rooted in Indian languages and values.
• To create ethical, inclusive AI tools accessible to all regions and social groups.
• To support region-specific solutions across governance, health, education, and agriculture.
• To foster AI-based entrepreneurship, innovation, and R&D capacity in India.
• Key Features: Multimodal Capabilities: Integrates text, speech, and image processing to offer a wide range of AI applications. Language Diversity: Trained on 22 Indian languages, including major and regional dialects. Inclusive Development: Designed to address rural and underserved communities, especially in health and governance. Scalability: Supports national platforms like CPGRAMS, AI-powered telemedicine, and AI in education. Collaborative Architecture: Combines efforts of government, academia, startups, and students through hackathons and R&D parks.
• Multimodal Capabilities: Integrates text, speech, and image processing to offer a wide range of AI applications.
• Language Diversity: Trained on 22 Indian languages, including major and regional dialects.
• Inclusive Development: Designed to address rural and underserved communities, especially in health and governance.
• Scalability: Supports national platforms like CPGRAMS, AI-powered telemedicine, and AI in education.
• Collaborative Architecture: Combines efforts of government, academia, startups, and students through hackathons and R&D parks.
• Significance: National Innovation Push: Aligns with “India’s Techade” vision for tech-driven inclusive growth. Cultural Relevance: Offers context-aware AI solutions reflecting Indian societal ethos. Education Reform: Embeds AI in learning under NEP 2020, bridging humanities and technology.
• National Innovation Push: Aligns with “India’s Techade” vision for tech-driven inclusive growth.
• Cultural Relevance: Offers context-aware AI solutions reflecting Indian societal ethos.
• Education Reform: Embeds AI in learning under NEP 2020, bridging humanities and technology.
Guidelines for the Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India
Source: FE
Context: The Ministry of Heavy Industries (MHI) has issued comprehensive guidelines for the Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India (SPMEPCI).
Summary of Guidelines for the Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India:
• Companies can import up to 8,000 fully built electric cars per year at a reduced 15% customs duty (for five years), provided each vehicle’s CIF value is at least USD 35,000.
• To qualify, applicants must invest at least ₹4,150 crore within 3 years, set up manufacturing units, and start local production.
• The scheme mandates a Domestic Value Addition (DVA) of 25% within 3 years and 50% within 5 years.
• A bank guarantee matching the duty foregone or ₹4,150 crore, whichever is higher, must be submitted and will be refunded upon fulfilling the investment and DVA conditions.
• The duty concession cap is ₹6,484 crore or the actual investment—whichever is lower.
• Land cost is excluded, but charging infrastructure expenses are allowed up to 5% of investment.
• Only companies with a minimum global automotive revenue of ₹10,000 crore and fixed assets worth ₹3,000 crore are eligible.
About the Electric Passenger Vehicle Manufacturing Scheme:
• What It Is? A central government scheme to incentivize domestic and global EV manufacturers to establish EV car production capabilities in India by offering tax benefits and investment-linked incentives.
• A central government scheme to incentivize domestic and global EV manufacturers to establish EV car production capabilities in India by offering tax benefits and investment-linked incentives.
• Launched In: March 2024, officially notified in June 2025.
• Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Heavy Industries (MHI)
• Implementation Agency: Project Management Agency (PMA)
• Objectives:
• Attract foreign direct investment (FDI) in EVs. Promote India as a global EV manufacturing destination. Boost employment, clean technology adoption, and self-reliance in the EV sector. Reduce dependency on crude oil imports and promote climate goals (net zero by 2070).
• Attract foreign direct investment (FDI) in EVs.
• Promote India as a global EV manufacturing destination.
• Boost employment, clean technology adoption, and self-reliance in the EV sector.
• Reduce dependency on crude oil imports and promote climate goals (net zero by 2070).
UMEED Portal
Source: NIE
Context: The Centre will launch the UMEED Portal on 6 June 2025 to digitize and streamline Waqf property registration in line with the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025.
About UMEED Portal:
• What It Is? UMEED stands for Unified Waqf Management, Empowerment, Efficiency, and Development. It is a centralized digital platform for registering and regulating Waqf properties across India.
• UMEED stands for Unified Waqf Management, Empowerment, Efficiency, and Development. It is a centralized digital platform for registering and regulating Waqf properties across India.
• Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Minority Affairs, in coordination with State Waqf Boards and judicial authorities.
• Objectives of the Portal: Ensure transparent and time-bound registration of Waqf properties. Empower beneficiaries with digital access to rights, obligations, and legal safeguards. Resolve long-standing property disputes and enhance accountability. Facilitate policy-level insights through real-time data and geotagged mapping.
• Ensure transparent and time-bound registration of Waqf properties.
• Empower beneficiaries with digital access to rights, obligations, and legal safeguards.
• Resolve long-standing property disputes and enhance accountability.
• Facilitate policy-level insights through real-time data and geotagged mapping.
• Key Features of UMEED Portal: Time-Bound Registration: All Waqf properties must be registered within 6 months of launch. Geotagging and Digitization: Properties must include precise measurements and geolocation data during registration. Dispute Resolution Trigger: Unregistered properties after deadline will be declared disputed and sent to Waqf Tribunal. User Support Services: Provides legal awareness tools and clarifies rights under amended law. Women-Centric Provision: Properties under women’s names cannot be designated as Waqf, but women, children, and EWS will remain eligible beneficiaries.
• Time-Bound Registration: All Waqf properties must be registered within 6 months of launch.
• Geotagging and Digitization: Properties must include precise measurements and geolocation data during registration.
• Dispute Resolution Trigger: Unregistered properties after deadline will be declared disputed and sent to Waqf Tribunal.
• User Support Services: Provides legal awareness tools and clarifies rights under amended law.
• Women-Centric Provision: Properties under women’s names cannot be designated as Waqf, but women, children, and EWS will remain eligible beneficiaries.
About Waqf Properties:
• What is Waqf? Waqf is a permanent charitable endowment under Islamic law where property is donated for religious or public welfare use. It cannot be sold, inherited, or transferred.
• Waqf is a permanent charitable endowment under Islamic law where property is donated for religious or public welfare use. It cannot be sold, inherited, or transferred.
• Key Reforms in Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025: Appeals Mechanism Introduced: Decisions of Waqf Tribunals are now appealable in High Courts within 90 days—ensuring judicial oversight. Mandatory Digital Registration: Introduced a strict 6-month deadline for all Waqf property registrations. Tribunal Empowerment: Unregistered properties post-deadline will be automatically flagged as disputed and adjudicated by Waqf Tribunals. Stronger Government Oversight: Enhanced monitoring by State Waqf Boards and increased regulation of trusteeship.
• Appeals Mechanism Introduced: Decisions of Waqf Tribunals are now appealable in High Courts within 90 days—ensuring judicial oversight.
• Mandatory Digital Registration: Introduced a strict 6-month deadline for all Waqf property registrations.
• Tribunal Empowerment: Unregistered properties post-deadline will be automatically flagged as disputed and adjudicated by Waqf Tribunals.
• Stronger Government Oversight: Enhanced monitoring by State Waqf Boards and increased regulation of trusteeship.
Israel’s Laser Beam Defence System
- •Source: NDTV*
Context: Israel has successfully deployed the Magen or laser defence system in live combat, intercepting dozens of Hezbollah drones during the recent conflict.
About Israel’s Laser Beam Defense System:
• Name of System: Known as the Magen or Shield of Light. Part of Israel’s larger Iron Beam laser weapon program
• Known as the Magen or Shield of Light.
• Part of Israel’s larger Iron Beam laser weapon program
• Developed By: Rafael Advanced Defense Systems (lead developer)
• How It Works? Uses directed high-energy laser beams to burn and disable aerial threats like drones and UAVs. Targets are locked on with optical tracking and neutralized using thermal damage in a matter of seconds. Operates silently, with no explosion, making it stealthy and precise.
• Uses directed high-energy laser beams to burn and disable aerial threats like drones and UAVs.
• Targets are locked on with optical tracking and neutralized using thermal damage in a matter of seconds.
• Operates silently, with no explosion, making it stealthy and precise.
• Key Features: Speed of Light Interception: Instantly neutralizes threats and no wait for missile launch or impact. Ultra-Low Operational Cost: Each laser shot costs around $5, compared to $50,000 per interceptor in Iron Dome. High Accuracy: Capable of single-point targeting with minimal collateral damage. Silent and Invisible: No audible or visible trace, preserving tactical surprise. AI-Integrated Threat Assessment: The system can autonomously prioritize targets and switch to conventional missiles when needed.
• Speed of Light Interception: Instantly neutralizes threats and no wait for missile launch or impact.
• Ultra-Low Operational Cost: Each laser shot costs around $5, compared to $50,000 per interceptor in Iron Dome.
• High Accuracy: Capable of single-point targeting with minimal collateral damage.
• Silent and Invisible: No audible or visible trace, preserving tactical surprise.
• AI-Integrated Threat Assessment: The system can autonomously prioritize targets and switch to conventional missiles when needed.
• Strategic Significance: Global First: Israel becomes the first nation to use combat laser defence effectively in real war conditions. Future-Proofing Warfare: Paves way for vehicle-mounted, naval, and airborne laser systems, with upcoming models like Lite Beam and Naval Iron Beam.
• Global First: Israel becomes the first nation to use combat laser defence effectively in real war conditions.
• Future-Proofing Warfare: Paves way for vehicle-mounted, naval, and airborne laser systems, with upcoming models like Lite Beam and Naval Iron Beam.
#### UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 3 June 2025 Mapping:
Source: DH
Context: Over 5.15 lakh people have been affected by severe flooding across 22 districts of Assam, with the death toll in the Northeast rising to 38.
About Assam:
• Located in: Assam is located in northeastern India, forming part of the Seven Sister States.
• Capital: Dispur (a suburb of Guwahati)
• Boundaries: Arunachal Pradesh, Bhutan, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Meghalaya, West Bengal, and Bangladesh
• Causes of Flooding in Assam: Monsoon Rainfall: Assam receives among the highest rainfall in India, especially during the southwest monsoon (June–September). Brahmaputra River System: The Brahmaputra and its tributaries (Kopili, Dhansiri, Barak, Kushiyara) frequently overflow, breaching embankments. Topography and Soil Composition: Flat alluvial plains with poor drainage; earthquake-induced landslides block natural water flow.
• Monsoon Rainfall: Assam receives among the highest rainfall in India, especially during the southwest monsoon (June–September).
• Brahmaputra River System: The Brahmaputra and its tributaries (Kopili, Dhansiri, Barak, Kushiyara) frequently overflow, breaching embankments.
• Topography and Soil Composition: Flat alluvial plains with poor drainage; earthquake-induced landslides block natural water flow.
• Key Geographical Features of Assam Rivers: Brahmaputra River: Enters Assam near Sadiya and flows westward for 725 km before entering Bangladesh. Barak River: Dominates southern Assam, especially in the Barak Valley (e.g., Cachar, Hailakandi). Tributaries: Dhansiri, Kopili, Kushiyara, Katakhal—many of which are above danger level during monsoons. Valleys: Brahmaputra Valley: Broad alluvial plain bordered by hills; prone to seasonal floods. Barak Valley: Narrower and agriculturally rich; faces floods due to overflow and embankment failures. Mountain and Hill Regions: North Cachar Hills (Dima Hasao district): Part of the ancient Meghalaya Plateau and hilly terrain with elevations up to 1,000 meters. Rengma Hills & Chenghehishon Peak: Mark the highlands between central Assam and Nagaland.
• Rivers: Brahmaputra River: Enters Assam near Sadiya and flows westward for 725 km before entering Bangladesh. Barak River: Dominates southern Assam, especially in the Barak Valley (e.g., Cachar, Hailakandi). Tributaries: Dhansiri, Kopili, Kushiyara, Katakhal—many of which are above danger level during monsoons.
• Brahmaputra River: Enters Assam near Sadiya and flows westward for 725 km before entering Bangladesh.
• Barak River: Dominates southern Assam, especially in the Barak Valley (e.g., Cachar, Hailakandi).
• Tributaries: Dhansiri, Kopili, Kushiyara, Katakhal—many of which are above danger level during monsoons.
• Valleys: Brahmaputra Valley: Broad alluvial plain bordered by hills; prone to seasonal floods. Barak Valley: Narrower and agriculturally rich; faces floods due to overflow and embankment failures.
• Brahmaputra Valley: Broad alluvial plain bordered by hills; prone to seasonal floods.
• Barak Valley: Narrower and agriculturally rich; faces floods due to overflow and embankment failures.
• Mountain and Hill Regions: North Cachar Hills (Dima Hasao district): Part of the ancient Meghalaya Plateau and hilly terrain with elevations up to 1,000 meters. Rengma Hills & Chenghehishon Peak: Mark the highlands between central Assam and Nagaland.
• North Cachar Hills (Dima Hasao district): Part of the ancient Meghalaya Plateau and hilly terrain with elevations up to 1,000 meters.
• Rengma Hills & Chenghehishon Peak: Mark the highlands between central Assam and Nagaland.
Please subscribe to Our podcast channel HERE
Official Facebook Page HERE
Twitter Account HERE
Instagram Account HERE
LinkedIn: HERE