The Montreal Protocol is celebrated as the most effective international climate agreement due to its global consensus, rapid implementation and successful reduction of ozone-depleting substances. Examine the reasons for its success and the learnings it has for other environment related agreements.

Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

5. The Montreal Protocol is celebrated as the most effective international climate agreement due to its global consensus, rapid implementation and successful reduction of ozone-depleting substances. Examine the reasons for its success and the learnings it has for other environment related agreements. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India

Why the question: In a promising development for the environment, a new study released has reported the first significant decrease in atmospheric concentrations of potent ozone-depleting substances (ODS) known as hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). Key Demand of the question: To write about the reasons which makes the Montreal protocol a success. Directive word: Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. Structure of the answer: Introduction: Begin the answer by writing about the Vienna Convention and subsequent Montreal Protocol. Body: In the first part, write the reasons which make Montreal protocol most successful global climate treaty – negotiations, funds, universal ratification, clear articulation and innovation in substitutes etc. Next, write about the performance – phasing out Chlorofluorocarbon, Ratifying Kigali Amendment to Montreal Protocol, Hydrochlorofluorocarbons Phase out Management Plan (HPMP) etc. Next, write about the learnings it has for other environmental related agreements. Conclusion: Conclude by writing a way forward..

Why the question:

In a promising development for the environment, a new study released has reported the first significant decrease in atmospheric concentrations of potent ozone-depleting substances (ODS) known as hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the reasons which makes the Montreal protocol a success.

Directive word:

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Begin the answer by writing about the Vienna Convention and subsequent Montreal Protocol.

In the first part, write the reasons which make Montreal protocol most successful global climate treaty – negotiations, funds, universal ratification, clear articulation and innovation in substitutes etc.

Next, write about the performance – phasing out Chlorofluorocarbon, Ratifying Kigali Amendment to Montreal Protocol, Hydrochlorofluorocarbons Phase out Management Plan (HPMP) etc.

Next, write about the learnings it has for other environmental related agreements.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward..