Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP)
Kartavya Desk Staff
Source: DH
Context: The Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) invoked Stage II of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) across Delhi-NCR as the city’s Air Quality Index (AQI) crossed 300 (“very poor”).
About Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP):
What it is?
• The Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) is a statutory framework that specifies stage-wise measures to be implemented to combat deteriorating air quality in the National Capital Region. It provides predefined actions based on the severity of pollution.
Established in: GRAP was first introduced in 2017 under the directives of the Supreme Court of India and the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
• Later revised by the CAQM in December 2024 to include predictive action based on IMD and IITM forecasts.
Aim: The plan aims to create a graded and preemptive response system for air quality management by identifying specific interventions to be taken as the AQI worsens in Delhi-NCR.
Criteria / Stages: GRAP classifies air quality into four categories based on AQI levels and corresponding actions:
Stage | Category | AQI Range | Actions
Stage I | Poor | 201–300 | Dust control, waste removal, enforcement of vehicle norms
Stage II | Very Poor | 301–400 | Mechanical sweeping, C&D monitoring, DG set regulations
Stage III | Severe | 401–450 | Restrictions on BS-III/IV vehicles, construction limits
Stage IV | Severe+ | Above 450 | Ban on truck entry, WFH orders, halting C&D projects
Key Features of GRAP:
• Dynamic implementation: Actions are activated dynamically based on real-time AQI data and IMD/IITM forecasts, allowing authorities to respond before pollution peaks.
• Cumulative approach: Each higher stage includes all measures from lower stages, ensuring progressive tightening of restrictions as air quality worsens.
• Inter-agency coordination: Implementation involves coordinated efforts among CAQM, CPCB, SPCBs, Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), and Traffic Police, ensuring accountability at every level.
• Predictive enforcement: Measures are invoked in advance when forecasts show a likely rise in AQI, promoting preventive rather than reactive air quality management.