Energy Statistics India 2025
Kartavya Desk Staff
Syllabus: Energy
Source: PIB
Context: The National Statistics Office (NSO) released the Energy Statistics India 2025, detailing energy production, consumption, and import trends for FY 2023–24.
• The data shows India’s strong energy recovery post-COVID and reflects efforts toward Viksit Bharat 2047 vision.
Summary of Energy Statistics India 2025:
• Primary Energy Supply rose by 7.8%, reaching 9,03,158 KToE, showcasing resilience and recovery.
• Coal remains dominant, with 79% of total domestic energy supplied and 60.21% share in TPES.
• Renewable energy potential reached 21,09,655 MW, with wind and solar leading.
• Electricity from renewables rose from 2,05,608 GWh (2014-15) to 3,70,320 GWh (2023-24) at a 6.76% CAGR.
• Per capita energy consumption increased to 18,410 MJ/person, a 25% rise in 10 years.
Positives in the Report:
• Renewables expanding fast: Installed capacity rose from 81,593 MW in 2015 to 1,98,213 MW in 2024, CAGR of 10.36%.
E.g., Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra lead in wind and solar installations.
• Industry-led growth: Final energy use by industry rose by 13.2%, driving economic productivity.
E.g., From 2.4 lakh KToE (2014-15) to 3.1 lakh KToE (2023-24).
• Reduced T&D losses: Losses fell from 23% (2014-15) to 17% (2023-24), improving efficiency.
• Renewables outperform fossil fuels in pace: Non-hydro renewables grew by over 210% in 10 years.
• Improved energy intensity: Energy required per INR of GDP dropped to 0.2180 MJ/INR, showing decoupling of energy from growth.
Negatives in the Report:
• High coal dependency: Coal still contributes 79% of energy supply and 60% of TPES.
E.g, Non-coking coal alone accounts for 93.3% of coal production.
• Heavy import reliance: India imports 89% crude oil, 46.6% natural gas, and 25.86% coal.
• Per capita electricity uses still low: At 1,106 kWh/person, India trails global average (~3,000 kWh).
• Slow renewable share in actual generation: Despite capacity growth, renewables still not mainstream in total energy mix.
• Urban-rural divide: Rural consumption and accessibility lag behind urban industrial and residential demand.
Way Ahead:
• Diversify energy mix: Reduce coal dependence by accelerating green hydrogen, offshore wind, and battery storage.
• Localised energy models: Promote decentralised solar, especially in rural/agricultural sectors.
• Improve grid infrastructure: Invest in smart grids and regional interconnectivity to reduce losses.
• Boost domestic production: Enhance exploration of oil & gas reserves in Assam, Rajasthan, and offshore zones.
• Align with SDG & Net Zero: Use SEEA framework and energy indicators to guide climate-compatible development.
Conclusion:
The Energy Statistics India 2025 reflects India’s robust progress toward energy security, renewable transition, and higher efficiency. However, challenges remain in balancing growth with sustainability. A coherent long-term energy policy, rooted in equity and innovation, is essential for India’s Viksit Bharat 2047 ambition.
• Do you think India will meet 50 percent of its energy needs from renewable energy by 2030? Justify your answer. How will the shift of subsidies from fossil fuels to renewables help achieve the above objectives? Explain. (UPSC-2022)