DAY – 7 Insta 75 Days Revision Plan 2.0 -2024: Subject – Ancient and Medieval India

INSTA 75 Days REVISION PLAN 2024

#### Quiz-summary

0 of 40 questions completed

Questions:

#### Information

Read about Insights IAS INSTA 75 Days Revision Plan for UPSC Civil Services Prelims – 2024 [ HERE ] :

DOWNLOAD THE INSTA 75 DAYS REVISION TIMETABLE(GS) [HERE] :

DOWNLOAD THE INSTA 75 DAYS REVISION TIMETABLE(CSAT) [HERE] :

Download MITRA booklet (My Insta Tests Revision and Assessment) – It’s for to track your daily progress while following Insta 75 Days plan. [ CLICK HERE ] :

Wish you Good Luck! 🙂

You have already completed the quiz before. Hence you can not start it again.

Quiz is loading...

You must sign in or sign up to start the quiz.

You have to finish following quiz, to start this quiz:

0 of 40 questions answered correctly

Your time:

Time has elapsed

You have reached 0 of 0 points, (0)

Average score |

Your score |

#### Categories

• Not categorized 0%

Pos. | Name | Entered on | Points | Result

Table is loading

No data available

| | | |

• Question 1 of 40 1. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about becoming a ruler during ancient India: Being born as a Kshatriya was the only path to becoming a ruler. Rituals could elevate the status of individuals to Kshatriya even if they were not born into that caste. Enterprising individuals from various backgrounds could establish themselves as rulers. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Answer: b Explanation: Historically, the Kshatriya varna (caste) was associated with kingship and warrior duties. This caste was traditionally regarded as the ruling and military elite in the ancient Indian social hierarchy. However, being born a Kshatriya was not the only path to ruler ship, as history shows various examples of individuals from other backgrounds ascending to power. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect. Rituals could elevate the status of individuals to Kshatriya even if they were not born into that caste. This is supported by historical records, such as the example of Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief, who performed the hiranya-garbha ritual, which symbolically “rebirthed” him as a Kshatriya. Such rituals allowed individuals not born into the Kshatriya varna to claim Kshatriya status and thus legitimacy as rulers. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Historical examples such as the Kadamba Mayurasharman and the Gurjara-Pratihara Harichandra, who were Brahmanas by birth but established themselves as rulers, demonstrate that individuals from different backgrounds could indeed rise to power. This indicates that military prowess, strategic marriages, and political acumen could enable individuals from various castes to establish kingdoms. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b Explanation: Historically, the Kshatriya varna (caste) was associated with kingship and warrior duties. This caste was traditionally regarded as the ruling and military elite in the ancient Indian social hierarchy. However, being born a Kshatriya was not the only path to ruler ship, as history shows various examples of individuals from other backgrounds ascending to power. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect. Rituals could elevate the status of individuals to Kshatriya even if they were not born into that caste. This is supported by historical records, such as the example of Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief, who performed the hiranya-garbha ritual, which symbolically “rebirthed” him as a Kshatriya. Such rituals allowed individuals not born into the Kshatriya varna to claim Kshatriya status and thus legitimacy as rulers. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Historical examples such as the Kadamba Mayurasharman and the Gurjara-Pratihara Harichandra, who were Brahmanas by birth but established themselves as rulers, demonstrate that individuals from different backgrounds could indeed rise to power. This indicates that military prowess, strategic marriages, and political acumen could enable individuals from various castes to establish kingdoms. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about becoming a ruler during ancient India:

• Being born as a Kshatriya was the only path to becoming a ruler.

• Rituals could elevate the status of individuals to Kshatriya even if they were not born into that caste.

• Enterprising individuals from various backgrounds could establish themselves as rulers.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• a) 1 and 2

• b) 2 and 3

• c) 1 and 3

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Explanation:

• Historically, the Kshatriya varna (caste) was associated with kingship and warrior duties. This caste was traditionally regarded as the ruling and military elite in the ancient Indian social hierarchy. However, being born a Kshatriya was not the only path to ruler ship, as history shows various examples of individuals from other backgrounds ascending to power. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

• Rituals could elevate the status of individuals to Kshatriya even if they were not born into that caste. This is supported by historical records, such as the example of Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief, who performed the hiranya-garbha ritual, which symbolically “rebirthed” him as a Kshatriya. Such rituals allowed individuals not born into the Kshatriya varna to claim Kshatriya status and thus legitimacy as rulers. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

• Historical examples such as the Kadamba Mayurasharman and the Gurjara-Pratihara Harichandra, who were Brahmanas by birth but established themselves as rulers, demonstrate that individuals from different backgrounds could indeed rise to power. This indicates that military prowess, strategic marriages, and political acumen could enable individuals from various castes to establish kingdoms. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Hence, option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 2 of 40 2. Question 1 points Consider the following statements about Prashastis: Prashastis were written by learned Brahmanas. They provided a literal and accurate account of rulers’ achievements. They depicted rulers as valiant and victorious warriors. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Answer: b Explanation: Prashastis, which are eulogies or inscriptions praising the achievements of kings, were typically composed by learned Brahmanas. Prashasti is a sanskrit word which means ‘in praise of “. These Brahmanas were often well-versed in Sanskrit and were commissioned by rulers to compose these inscriptions. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Prashastis were not always literal and accurate accounts. They often exaggerated the achievements of rulers, portraying them in a glorified manner to enhance their prestige and legitimacy. The purpose of prashastis was to extol the virtues and successes of the rulers, rather than provide an objective historical record. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. Prashastis frequently depicted rulers as valiant, victorious warriors, emphasizing their military successes and heroism. This was part of the effort to enhance the ruler’s image and reputation. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b Explanation: Prashastis, which are eulogies or inscriptions praising the achievements of kings, were typically composed by learned Brahmanas. Prashasti is a sanskrit word which means ‘in praise of “. These Brahmanas were often well-versed in Sanskrit and were commissioned by rulers to compose these inscriptions. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Prashastis were not always literal and accurate accounts. They often exaggerated the achievements of rulers, portraying them in a glorified manner to enhance their prestige and legitimacy. The purpose of prashastis was to extol the virtues and successes of the rulers, rather than provide an objective historical record. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. Prashastis frequently depicted rulers as valiant, victorious warriors, emphasizing their military successes and heroism. This was part of the effort to enhance the ruler’s image and reputation. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about Prashastis:

• Prashastis were written by learned Brahmanas.

• They provided a literal and accurate account of rulers’ achievements.

• They depicted rulers as valiant and victorious warriors.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Explanation:

• Prashastis, which are eulogies or inscriptions praising the achievements of kings, were typically composed by learned Brahmanas. Prashasti is a sanskrit word which means ‘in praise of “.

• These Brahmanas were often well-versed in Sanskrit and were commissioned by rulers to compose these inscriptions. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Prashastis were not always literal and accurate accounts. They often exaggerated the achievements of rulers, portraying them in a glorified manner to enhance their prestige and legitimacy. The purpose of prashastis was to extol the virtues and successes of the rulers, rather than provide an objective historical record. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

• Prashastis frequently depicted rulers as valiant, victorious warriors, emphasizing their military successes and heroism. This was part of the effort to enhance the ruler’s image and reputation. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

• These Brahmanas were often well-versed in Sanskrit and were commissioned by rulers to compose these inscriptions. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 3 of 40 3. Question 1 points Consider the following titles adopted by kings during ancient and medieval period: Maharaja-adhiraja Tribhuvana-chakravartin Maha-samanta Maha-mandaleshvara How many of the above titles were intended to convey the supreme authority and power of the ruler? a) Only one b) Only two c) Only three d) All four Correct Answer: b Explanation: Maharaja-adhiraja Meaning: “Great King, Overlord of Kings” Intention: This title clearly conveys the great authority and power of the ruler, emphasizing their supreme status over other kings. Tribhuvana-chakravartin Meaning: “Lord of the Three Worlds” Intention: This title signifies immense authority and dominion, suggesting the ruler’s control over all realms, thus conveying great power. Maha-samanta Meaning: “Great Subordinate Chief” Intention: While the title “Maha-samanta” signifies a high-ranking subordinate, it does not convey the same level of supreme authority as the previous titles. Instead, it suggests a significant but subordinate position. Maha-mandaleshvara Meaning: “Great Lord of a Circle (Region)” Intention: This title indicates significant authority within a particular region, but like “Maha-samanta,” it is more about regional power rather than supreme authority. Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b Explanation: Maharaja-adhiraja Meaning: “Great King, Overlord of Kings” Intention: This title clearly conveys the great authority and power of the ruler, emphasizing their supreme status over other kings. Tribhuvana-chakravartin Meaning: “Lord of the Three Worlds” Intention: This title signifies immense authority and dominion, suggesting the ruler’s control over all realms, thus conveying great power. Maha-samanta Meaning: “Great Subordinate Chief” Intention: While the title “Maha-samanta” signifies a high-ranking subordinate, it does not convey the same level of supreme authority as the previous titles. Instead, it suggests a significant but subordinate position. Maha-mandaleshvara Meaning: “Great Lord of a Circle (Region)” Intention: This title indicates significant authority within a particular region, but like “Maha-samanta,” it is more about regional power rather than supreme authority. Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following titles adopted by kings during ancient and medieval period:

• Maharaja-adhiraja

• Tribhuvana-chakravartin

• Maha-samanta

• Maha-mandaleshvara

How many of the above titles were intended to convey the supreme authority and power of the ruler?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) Only three

• d) All four

Explanation:

• Maharaja-adhiraja

• Meaning: “Great King, Overlord of Kings”

• Intention: This title clearly conveys the great authority and power of the ruler, emphasizing their supreme status over other kings.

• Tribhuvana-chakravartin

• Meaning: “Lord of the Three Worlds”

• Intention: This title signifies immense authority and dominion, suggesting the ruler’s control over all realms, thus conveying great power.

• Maha-samanta

• Meaning: “Great Subordinate Chief”

• Intention: While the title “Maha-samanta” signifies a high-ranking subordinate, it does not convey the same level of supreme authority as the previous titles. Instead, it suggests a significant but subordinate position.

• Maha-mandaleshvara

• Meaning: “Great Lord of a Circle (Region)”

• Intention: This title indicates significant authority within a particular region, but like “Maha-samanta,” it is more about regional power rather than supreme authority.

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

• Maharaja-adhiraja

• Meaning: “Great King, Overlord of Kings”

• Intention: This title clearly conveys the great authority and power of the ruler, emphasizing their supreme status over other kings.

• Tribhuvana-chakravartin

• Meaning: “Lord of the Three Worlds”

• Intention: This title signifies immense authority and dominion, suggesting the ruler’s control over all realms, thus conveying great power.

• Maha-samanta

• Meaning: “Great Subordinate Chief”

• Maha-mandaleshvara

• Meaning: “Great Lord of a Circle (Region)”

• Intention: This title indicates significant authority within a particular region, but like “Maha-samanta,” it is more about regional power rather than supreme authority.

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 4 of 40 4. Question 1 points Consider the following pairs of types of land mentioned in Chola inscriptions: 1.Bellanvagai land gifted to Brahmanas 2. Brahmadeya land of non-Brahmana peasants 3. Shalabhoga land for the maintenance of a school 4. Devadana land gifted to temples How many of the above pairs is/are correctly matched? a) One pair b) Two pairs c) Three pairs d) Four pairs Correct Answer: b Explanation: Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b Explanation: Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following pairs of types of land mentioned in Chola inscriptions:

1.Bellanvagai | land gifted to Brahmanas

1.Brahmadeya | land of non-Brahmana peasants
2.Shalabhoga | land for the maintenance of a school
3.Devadana | land gifted to temples

How many of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

• a) One pair

• b) Two pairs

• c) Three pairs

• d) Four pairs

Explanation:

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 5 of 40 5. Question 1 points Consider the following statements with regard to the Mauryan administration: Rajukka did the measurement of land. Brahmanas, students, women, blind, and deaf were exempted from taxes. Emergency tax, known as Pranay tax, could be imposed multiple times during a king’s reign. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Answer: a Explanation: In the Mauryan administration, the role of the Rajukka was indeed crucial in the management and measurement of land. The Rajukka was an officer responsible for surveying and measuring land, which was essential for the accurate assessment of land revenue. Hence, statement 1 is correct. The Mauryan administration had provisions for tax exemptions for certain groups of people. According to the Arthashastra and other historical sources, Brahmanas (priests), students, women, and those who were blind or deaf were exempt from paying taxes. Hence, statement 2 is correct. The concept of the Pranay tax is described in Kautilya’s Arthashastra. This tax was an emergency measure that could be levied during times of crisis, such as war or natural disasters, to provide the state with necessary funds. However, Kautilya explicitly states that this tax could only be imposed once during the reign of a king. This limitation was likely put in place to prevent abuse of power and to ensure that the emergency tax was truly used only in genuine emergencies. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect. Hence, option (a) is correct. Incorrect Answer: a Explanation: In the Mauryan administration, the role of the Rajukka was indeed crucial in the management and measurement of land. The Rajukka was an officer responsible for surveying and measuring land, which was essential for the accurate assessment of land revenue. Hence, statement 1 is correct. The Mauryan administration had provisions for tax exemptions for certain groups of people. According to the Arthashastra and other historical sources, Brahmanas (priests), students, women, and those who were blind or deaf were exempt from paying taxes. Hence, statement 2 is correct. The concept of the Pranay tax is described in Kautilya’s Arthashastra. This tax was an emergency measure that could be levied during times of crisis, such as war or natural disasters, to provide the state with necessary funds. However, Kautilya explicitly states that this tax could only be imposed once during the reign of a king. This limitation was likely put in place to prevent abuse of power and to ensure that the emergency tax was truly used only in genuine emergencies. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect. Hence, option (a) is correct.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements with regard to the Mauryan administration:

• Rajukka did the measurement of land.

• Brahmanas, students, women, blind, and deaf were exempted from taxes.

• Emergency tax, known as Pranay tax, could be imposed multiple times during a king’s reign.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Explanation:

• In the Mauryan administration, the role of the Rajukka was indeed crucial in the management and measurement of land. The Rajukka was an officer responsible for surveying and measuring land, which was essential for the accurate assessment of land revenue. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• The Mauryan administration had provisions for tax exemptions for certain groups of people. According to the Arthashastra and other historical sources, Brahmanas (priests), students, women, and those who were blind or deaf were exempt from paying taxes. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

• The concept of the Pranay tax is described in Kautilya’s Arthashastra. This tax was an emergency measure that could be levied during times of crisis, such as war or natural disasters, to provide the state with necessary funds. However, Kautilya explicitly states that this tax could only be imposed once during the reign of a king. This limitation was likely put in place to prevent abuse of power and to ensure that the emergency tax was truly used only in genuine emergencies. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

• Question 6 of 40 6. Question 1 points With reference to Gupta administration, Sandivigrahi were the officials who: a) Looked after the village administration. b) Assisted the king in maintaining a close contact with the provincial administration. c) Looked after foreign affairs. d) Were princes and later become Ministers of provinces. Correct Answer: c Explanation: Sandivigraha was a high official mentioned in the Gupta inscriptions, who was in charge of foreign affairs. The king maintained a close contact with the provincial administration through a class of officials called Kumaramatyas and Ayuktas. The king was assisted in his administration by a council consisting of a chief minister, a Senapati or commanderin-chief of the army and other important officials. Provinces in the Gupta Empire were known as Bhuktis and provincial governors as Uparikas. They were mostly chosen from among the princes. Hence, option (c) is correct. Incorrect Answer: c Explanation: Sandivigraha was a high official mentioned in the Gupta inscriptions, who was in charge of foreign affairs. The king maintained a close contact with the provincial administration through a class of officials called Kumaramatyas and Ayuktas. The king was assisted in his administration by a council consisting of a chief minister, a Senapati or commanderin-chief of the army and other important officials. Provinces in the Gupta Empire were known as Bhuktis and provincial governors as Uparikas. They were mostly chosen from among the princes. Hence, option (c) is correct.

#### 6. Question

With reference to Gupta administration, Sandivigrahi were the officials who:

• a) Looked after the village administration.

• b) Assisted the king in maintaining a close contact with the provincial administration.

• c) Looked after foreign affairs.

• d) Were princes and later become Ministers of provinces.

Explanation:

• Sandivigraha was a high official mentioned in the Gupta inscriptions, who was in charge of foreign affairs.

• The king maintained a close contact with the provincial administration through a class of officials called Kumaramatyas and Ayuktas.

• The king was assisted in his administration by a council consisting of a chief minister, a Senapati or commanderin-chief of the army and other important officials.

• Provinces in the Gupta Empire were known as Bhuktis and provincial governors as Uparikas. They were mostly chosen from among the princes.

• Hence, option (c) is correct.

Explanation:

• Sandivigraha was a high official mentioned in the Gupta inscriptions, who was in charge of foreign affairs.

• The king maintained a close contact with the provincial administration through a class of officials called Kumaramatyas and Ayuktas.

• The king was assisted in his administration by a council consisting of a chief minister, a Senapati or commanderin-chief of the army and other important officials.

• Provinces in the Gupta Empire were known as Bhuktis and provincial governors as Uparikas. They were mostly chosen from among the princes.

• Hence, option (c) is correct.

• Question 7 of 40 7. Question 1 points When did human beings transitioned from the food-gathering stage to the food-producing stage? a) Neolithic Age b) Mesolithic Age c) Chalcolithic Age d) Palaeolithic Age Correct Answer: a Explanation: Ancient history can be divided into different periods according to the tools used by people back then. Paleolithic Period (Old Stone Age): 500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE Mesolithic Period (Late Stone Age): 10,000 BCE 6000 BCE Neolithic Period (New Stone Age): 6000BCE 1000 BCE Chalcolithic Period (Stone Copper Age): 3000 BCE 500 BCE Iron Age: 1500 BCE – 200 BCE The Paleolithic Age and Mesolithic Age were characterized by hunting and gathering activities. The characteristic feature of the Neolithic Age is agriculture, which is the food-producing stage. Hence, option (a) is correct. Incorrect Answer: a Explanation: Ancient history can be divided into different periods according to the tools used by people back then. Paleolithic Period (Old Stone Age): 500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE Mesolithic Period (Late Stone Age): 10,000 BCE 6000 BCE Neolithic Period (New Stone Age): 6000BCE 1000 BCE Chalcolithic Period (Stone Copper Age): 3000 BCE 500 BCE Iron Age: 1500 BCE – 200 BCE The Paleolithic Age and Mesolithic Age were characterized by hunting and gathering activities. The characteristic feature of the Neolithic Age is agriculture, which is the food-producing stage. Hence, option (a) is correct.

#### 7. Question

When did human beings transitioned from the food-gathering stage to the food-producing stage?

• a) Neolithic Age

• b) Mesolithic Age

• c) Chalcolithic Age

• d) Palaeolithic Age

Explanation:

• Ancient history can be divided into different periods according to the tools used by people back then.

• Paleolithic Period (Old Stone Age): 500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE

• Mesolithic Period (Late Stone Age): 10,000 BCE 6000 BCE

• Neolithic Period (New Stone Age): 6000BCE 1000 BCE

• Chalcolithic Period (Stone Copper Age): 3000 BCE 500 BCE

• Iron Age: 1500 BCE – 200 BCE

• The Paleolithic Age and Mesolithic Age were characterized by hunting and gathering activities. The characteristic feature of the Neolithic Age is agriculture, which is the food-producing stage.

Hence, option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• Ancient history can be divided into different periods according to the tools used by people back then.

• Paleolithic Period (Old Stone Age): 500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE

• Mesolithic Period (Late Stone Age): 10,000 BCE 6000 BCE

• Neolithic Period (New Stone Age): 6000BCE 1000 BCE

• Chalcolithic Period (Stone Copper Age): 3000 BCE 500 BCE

• Iron Age: 1500 BCE – 200 BCE

Hence, option (a) is correct.

• Question 8 of 40 8. Question 1 points With reference to the political strategies of Magadha’s rulers that ensured their supremacy, which of the following statements are correct? The rulers formed alliances through marriages and conquests to expand their territory. They focused on maintaining a strong standing military to deter invasions. Magadha’s rulers adopted a decentralized administration to ensure local autonomy. Prominent rulers like Bimbisara and Ajatashatru used all possible means to consolidate power. Select the correct answer from the options given below: a) 1,2 and 4 b) 1,3 and 4 c) 2,3 and 4 d) 1,2 and 3 Correct Answer: a Explanation: Magadha’s rulers, such as Bimbisara, used marriage alliances and military conquests to extend their influence and control over neighboring regions. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Magadha’s rulers maintained a strong and well-equipped military, which played a crucial role in both defending the kingdom from invasions and facilitating their expansionist policies. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Magadha’s rulers maintained a strong and well-equipped military, which played a crucial role in both defending the kingdom from invasions and facilitating their expansionist policies. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect. Magadha’s rulers maintained a strong and well-equipped military, which played a crucial role in both defending the kingdom from invasions and facilitating their expansionist policies. Hence, statement 4 is correct. Hence, option (a) is correct. Incorrect Answer: a Explanation: Magadha’s rulers, such as Bimbisara, used marriage alliances and military conquests to extend their influence and control over neighboring regions. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Magadha’s rulers maintained a strong and well-equipped military, which played a crucial role in both defending the kingdom from invasions and facilitating their expansionist policies. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Magadha’s rulers maintained a strong and well-equipped military, which played a crucial role in both defending the kingdom from invasions and facilitating their expansionist policies. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect. Magadha’s rulers maintained a strong and well-equipped military, which played a crucial role in both defending the kingdom from invasions and facilitating their expansionist policies. Hence, statement 4 is correct. Hence, option (a) is correct.

#### 8. Question

With reference to the political strategies of Magadha’s rulers that ensured their supremacy, which of the following statements are correct?

• The rulers formed alliances through marriages and conquests to expand their territory.

• They focused on maintaining a strong standing military to deter invasions.

• Magadha’s rulers adopted a decentralized administration to ensure local autonomy.

• Prominent rulers like Bimbisara and Ajatashatru used all possible means to consolidate power.

Select the correct answer from the options given below:

• a) 1,2 and 4

• b) 1,3 and 4

• c) 2,3 and 4

• d) 1,2 and 3

Explanation:

• Magadha’s rulers, such as Bimbisara, used marriage alliances and military conquests to extend their influence and control over neighboring regions. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Magadha’s rulers maintained a strong and well-equipped military, which played a crucial role in both defending the kingdom from invasions and facilitating their expansionist policies. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• Magadha’s rulers, such as Bimbisara, used marriage alliances and military conquests to extend their influence and control over neighboring regions. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

• Question 9 of 40 9. Question 1 points Identify the author of the composition Allahabad Prasasti : a) Harishena b) Kalidasa c) Vishakhadatta d) Sudraka Correct Answer: a Explanation: The Allahabad Prasasti, also known as the Allahabad Pillar Inscription, is a significant historical record composed by Harishena was a renowned poet and panegyrist in the court of the Gupta Emperor Samudragupta. The inscription glorifies the achievements and conquests of Samudragupta, detailing his military campaigns, administration, and patronage of the arts and culture. It provides valuable insights into the political and cultural landscape of the Gupta Empire, making it a crucial source for understanding this period of Indian history. Hence, option (a) is correct. Incorrect Answer: a Explanation: The Allahabad Prasasti, also known as the Allahabad Pillar Inscription, is a significant historical record composed by Harishena was a renowned poet and panegyrist in the court of the Gupta Emperor Samudragupta. The inscription glorifies the achievements and conquests of Samudragupta, detailing his military campaigns, administration, and patronage of the arts and culture. It provides valuable insights into the political and cultural landscape of the Gupta Empire, making it a crucial source for understanding this period of Indian history. Hence, option (a) is correct.

#### 9. Question

Identify the author of the composition Allahabad Prasasti :

• a) Harishena

• b) Kalidasa

• c) Vishakhadatta

• d) Sudraka

Explanation:

• The Allahabad Prasasti, also known as the Allahabad Pillar Inscription, is a significant historical record composed by Harishena was a renowned poet and panegyrist in the court of the Gupta Emperor Samudragupta.

• The inscription glorifies the achievements and conquests of Samudragupta, detailing his military campaigns, administration, and patronage of the arts and culture. It provides valuable insights into the political and cultural landscape of the Gupta Empire, making it a crucial source for understanding this period of Indian history.

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

• Question 10 of 40 10. Question 1 points Who wrote the famous text Ashtanga Hridaya, considered one of the primary sources of Ayurvedic knowledge? a) Patanjali b) Susruta c) Dhanvantri d) Vagbhata Correct Answer: d Explanation: In ancient Indian medical history, the great medical trio is typically referred to as Charaka, Susruta, and Vagbhata. These three scholars made significant contributions to the field of Ayurveda: Charaka is known for the Charaka Samhita, a foundational text on internal medicine. Susruta is credited with the Susruta Samhita, which is a seminal work on surgery. Vagbhata authored the Ashtanga Hridaya, another crucial text in Ayurveda that integrates the knowledge of both Charaka and Susruta. Hence, option (d) is correct. Incorrect Answer: d Explanation: In ancient Indian medical history, the great medical trio is typically referred to as Charaka, Susruta, and Vagbhata. These three scholars made significant contributions to the field of Ayurveda: Charaka is known for the Charaka Samhita, a foundational text on internal medicine. Susruta is credited with the Susruta Samhita, which is a seminal work on surgery. Vagbhata authored the Ashtanga Hridaya, another crucial text in Ayurveda that integrates the knowledge of both Charaka and Susruta. Hence, option (d) is correct.

#### 10. Question

Who wrote the famous text Ashtanga Hridaya, considered one of the primary sources of Ayurvedic knowledge?

• a) Patanjali

• b) Susruta

• c) Dhanvantri

• d) Vagbhata

Explanation:

• In ancient Indian medical history, the great medical trio is typically referred to as Charaka, Susruta, and Vagbhata. These three scholars made significant contributions to the field of Ayurveda:

• Charaka is known for the Charaka Samhita, a foundational text on internal medicine.

• Susruta is credited with the Susruta Samhita, which is a seminal work on surgery.

• Vagbhata authored the Ashtanga Hridaya, another crucial text in Ayurveda that integrates the knowledge of both Charaka and Susruta.

• Hence, option (d) is correct.

Explanation:

• In ancient Indian medical history, the great medical trio is typically referred to as Charaka, Susruta, and Vagbhata. These three scholars made significant contributions to the field of Ayurveda:

• Charaka is known for the Charaka Samhita, a foundational text on internal medicine.

• Susruta is credited with the Susruta Samhita, which is a seminal work on surgery.

• Vagbhata authored the Ashtanga Hridaya, another crucial text in Ayurveda that integrates the knowledge of both Charaka and Susruta.

• Hence, option (d) is correct.

• Question 11 of 40 11. Question 1 points Consider the following events: Establishment of Kanva dynasty. Assassination of king Brhadrata. The Battle of Hydaspes Founding of the of the Seleucid dynasty. Arrange the above in correct in chronological order: a) 4-3-2-1 b) 3-4-2-1 c) 2-3-4-1 d) 1-2-3-4 Correct Answer: b Explanation: The Battle of Hydaspes took place in 326 BCE between the forces of Alexander the Great and King Porus of the Paurava kingdom. It was fought on the banks of the Jhelum River (anciently known as the Hydaspes River) in present-day Pakistan. The Seleucid dynasty was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, one of the generals of Alexander the Great.After Alexander’s death in 323 BCE, Seleucus established control over the eastern portions of Alexander’s empire, which included territories in present-day Iran, Iraq, and Central Asia. Seleucus became the ruler of this vast empire and founded the Seleucid dynasty, which lasted for several centuries. This event occurred shortly after Alexander’s death as the Diadochi (Alexander’s successors) divided his empire among themselves. King Brhadrata was the last ruler of the Mauryan dynasty, which had ruled over a vast empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was assassinated by his commander-in-chief, Pushyamitra Shunga, around 185 BCE. This event marked the end of the Mauryan dynasty and the beginning of the Shunga dynasty in India. The Kanva dynasty emerged as successors to the Shunga dynasty in North India, particularly in the kingdom of Magadha, around 73 BCE. Vasudeva Kanva, who was initially a minister of the last Shunga emperor Devabhuti, seized power after assassinating Devabhuti. The Kanvas ruled for a relatively short period, from about 73 BCE to 28 BCE. Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b Explanation: The Battle of Hydaspes took place in 326 BCE between the forces of Alexander the Great and King Porus of the Paurava kingdom. It was fought on the banks of the Jhelum River (anciently known as the Hydaspes River) in present-day Pakistan. The Seleucid dynasty was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, one of the generals of Alexander the Great.After Alexander’s death in 323 BCE, Seleucus established control over the eastern portions of Alexander’s empire, which included territories in present-day Iran, Iraq, and Central Asia. Seleucus became the ruler of this vast empire and founded the Seleucid dynasty, which lasted for several centuries. This event occurred shortly after Alexander’s death as the Diadochi (Alexander’s successors) divided his empire among themselves. King Brhadrata was the last ruler of the Mauryan dynasty, which had ruled over a vast empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was assassinated by his commander-in-chief, Pushyamitra Shunga, around 185 BCE. This event marked the end of the Mauryan dynasty and the beginning of the Shunga dynasty in India. The Kanva dynasty emerged as successors to the Shunga dynasty in North India, particularly in the kingdom of Magadha, around 73 BCE. Vasudeva Kanva, who was initially a minister of the last Shunga emperor Devabhuti, seized power after assassinating Devabhuti. The Kanvas ruled for a relatively short period, from about 73 BCE to 28 BCE. Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 11. Question

Consider the following events:

• Establishment of Kanva dynasty.

• Assassination of king Brhadrata.

• The Battle of Hydaspes

• Founding of the of the Seleucid dynasty.

Arrange the above in correct in chronological order:

• a) 4-3-2-1

• b) 3-4-2-1

• c) 2-3-4-1

• d) 1-2-3-4

Explanation:

• The Battle of Hydaspes took place in 326 BCE between the forces of Alexander the Great and King Porus of the Paurava kingdom.

• It was fought on the banks of the Jhelum River (anciently known as the Hydaspes River) in present-day Pakistan.

• The Seleucid dynasty was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, one of the generals of Alexander the Great.After Alexander’s death in 323 BCE, Seleucus established control over the eastern portions of Alexander’s empire, which included territories in present-day Iran, Iraq, and Central Asia.

• Seleucus became the ruler of this vast empire and founded the Seleucid dynasty, which lasted for several centuries. This event occurred shortly after Alexander’s death as the Diadochi (Alexander’s successors) divided his empire among themselves.

• King Brhadrata was the last ruler of the Mauryan dynasty, which had ruled over a vast empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was assassinated by his commander-in-chief, Pushyamitra Shunga, around 185 BCE. This event marked the end of the Mauryan dynasty and the beginning of the Shunga dynasty in India.

• The Kanva dynasty emerged as successors to the Shunga dynasty in North India, particularly in the kingdom of Magadha, around 73 BCE. Vasudeva Kanva, who was initially a minister of the last Shunga emperor Devabhuti, seized power after assassinating Devabhuti. The Kanvas ruled for a relatively short period, from about 73 BCE to 28 BCE.

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

• The Battle of Hydaspes took place in 326 BCE between the forces of Alexander the Great and King Porus of the Paurava kingdom.

• It was fought on the banks of the Jhelum River (anciently known as the Hydaspes River) in present-day Pakistan.

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 12 of 40 12. Question 1 points Which artistic style is associated with the portrayal of Kushan rulers and Buddhist themes in Gandhara art? a) Hellenistic b) Romanesque c) Byzantine d) Baroque Correct Answer: a Explanation: The Hellenistic style refers to the artistic traditions and characteristics that emerged during the Hellenistic period, which followed the conquests of Alexander the Great and lasted from the late 4th century BCE to the end of the 1st century BCE. This period saw the blending of Greek artistic traditions with those of the cultures that Alexander and his successors encountered during their conquests across Asia and the Mediterranean. The portrayal of Kushan rulers and Buddhist themes in Gandhara art is primarily associated with a particular artistic style that emerged due to the cultural exchanges and influences in the region. Gandhara art, especially during the Kushan period, was significantly influenced by Hellenistic artistic styles due to the historical connections with the Greek world. The portrayal of Kushan rulers and Buddhist themes in Gandhara art often reflects a fusion of Indian and Hellenistic artistic traditions. Hence, option (a) is correct. Incorrect Answer: a Explanation: The Hellenistic style refers to the artistic traditions and characteristics that emerged during the Hellenistic period, which followed the conquests of Alexander the Great and lasted from the late 4th century BCE to the end of the 1st century BCE. This period saw the blending of Greek artistic traditions with those of the cultures that Alexander and his successors encountered during their conquests across Asia and the Mediterranean. The portrayal of Kushan rulers and Buddhist themes in Gandhara art is primarily associated with a particular artistic style that emerged due to the cultural exchanges and influences in the region. Gandhara art, especially during the Kushan period, was significantly influenced by Hellenistic artistic styles due to the historical connections with the Greek world. The portrayal of Kushan rulers and Buddhist themes in Gandhara art often reflects a fusion of Indian and Hellenistic artistic traditions. Hence, option (a) is correct.

#### 12. Question

Which artistic style is associated with the portrayal of Kushan rulers and Buddhist themes in Gandhara art?

• a) Hellenistic

• b) Romanesque

• c) Byzantine

• d) Baroque

Explanation:

• The Hellenistic style refers to the artistic traditions and characteristics that emerged during the Hellenistic period, which followed the conquests of Alexander the Great and lasted from the late 4th century BCE to the end of the 1st century BCE.

• This period saw the blending of Greek artistic traditions with those of the cultures that Alexander and his successors encountered during their conquests across Asia and the Mediterranean.

• The portrayal of Kushan rulers and Buddhist themes in Gandhara art is primarily associated with a particular artistic style that emerged due to the cultural exchanges and influences in the region.

• Gandhara art, especially during the Kushan period, was significantly influenced by Hellenistic artistic styles due to the historical connections with the Greek world. The portrayal of Kushan rulers and Buddhist themes in Gandhara art often reflects a fusion of Indian and Hellenistic artistic traditions.

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• This period saw the blending of Greek artistic traditions with those of the cultures that Alexander and his successors encountered during their conquests across Asia and the Mediterranean.

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

• Question 13 of 40 13. Question 1 points Consider the following statements: Prithvirajraso, written by Chandbardai, is the one of the earliest major source for the history of the Rajputs. V.D.Sarvarkar in his “Annals of Rajputana”, proposed that the Rajputs were descendants of the Huns. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Answer: a Explanation: Prithvirajraso is an important historical text about the Rajputs, specifically concerning Prithviraj Chauhan. It was written in the 12th century. While other sources, including inscriptions and earlier texts, predate Prithvirajraso, Prithvirajraso is the first major source for Rajput history. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Colonel James Todd proposed that the Rajputs were descendants of the Huns (Hephthalites) in his work “Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan.” Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. Option (a) is correct. Incorrect Answer: a Explanation: Prithvirajraso is an important historical text about the Rajputs, specifically concerning Prithviraj Chauhan. It was written in the 12th century. While other sources, including inscriptions and earlier texts, predate Prithvirajraso, Prithvirajraso is the first major source for Rajput history. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Colonel James Todd proposed that the Rajputs were descendants of the Huns (Hephthalites) in his work “Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan.” Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. Option (a) is correct.

#### 13. Question

Consider the following statements:

• Prithvirajraso, written by Chandbardai, is the one of the earliest major source for the history of the Rajputs.

• V.D.Sarvarkar in his “Annals of Rajputana”, proposed that the Rajputs were descendants of the Huns.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation:

• Prithvirajraso is an important historical text about the Rajputs, specifically concerning Prithviraj Chauhan. It was written in the 12th century.

• While other sources, including inscriptions and earlier texts, predate Prithvirajraso, Prithvirajraso is the first major source for Rajput history. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Colonel James Todd proposed that the Rajputs were descendants of the Huns (Hephthalites) in his work “Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan.” Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

• Option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• Prithvirajraso is an important historical text about the Rajputs, specifically concerning Prithviraj Chauhan. It was written in the 12th century.

• While other sources, including inscriptions and earlier texts, predate Prithvirajraso, Prithvirajraso is the first major source for Rajput history. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Colonel James Todd proposed that the Rajputs were descendants of the Huns (Hephthalites) in his work “Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan.” Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

• Option (a) is correct.

• Question 14 of 40 14. Question 1 points Consider the following statements: The Pratiharas acted as bulwarks against Islamic invaders, notably during the early Arab invasions. Rashtrakuta poet Pampa’s works mention the Gurjara-Pratiharas in a highly negative light, reflecting the political rivalry of the period. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Answer: a Explanation: The Pratiharas were a powerful dynasty that ruled parts of northern and western India from the 8th to the 11th centuries. During the early medieval period, the Indian subcontinent faced several waves of Islamic invasions, particularly by Arab forces. Historical accounts indicate that the Pratiharas successfully defended their territories against Arab incursions into western India. They were known for their military prowess and strategic alliances, which helped them withstand external threats. The Pratihara rulers, particularly Nagabhata I, are credited with repelling Arab attacks and maintaining the sovereignty of their kingdom. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Pampa, a renowned poet in the court of the Rashtrakuta dynasty, is celebrated for his Mahakavyas (epic poems) and other literary works. While Pampa’s writings often depict historical events and figures, there is limited evidence to suggest that he portrayed the Gurjara-Pratiharas in a highly negative light due to political rivalry. While it is plausible that Pampa might have included references to the Gurjara-Pratiharas in his compositions, attributing a highly negative portrayal solely to political rivalry is inaccurate. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. Hence, option (a) is correct. Incorrect Answer: a Explanation: The Pratiharas were a powerful dynasty that ruled parts of northern and western India from the 8th to the 11th centuries. During the early medieval period, the Indian subcontinent faced several waves of Islamic invasions, particularly by Arab forces. Historical accounts indicate that the Pratiharas successfully defended their territories against Arab incursions into western India. They were known for their military prowess and strategic alliances, which helped them withstand external threats. The Pratihara rulers, particularly Nagabhata I, are credited with repelling Arab attacks and maintaining the sovereignty of their kingdom. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Pampa, a renowned poet in the court of the Rashtrakuta dynasty, is celebrated for his Mahakavyas (epic poems) and other literary works. While Pampa’s writings often depict historical events and figures, there is limited evidence to suggest that he portrayed the Gurjara-Pratiharas in a highly negative light due to political rivalry. While it is plausible that Pampa might have included references to the Gurjara-Pratiharas in his compositions, attributing a highly negative portrayal solely to political rivalry is inaccurate. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. Hence, option (a) is correct.

#### 14. Question

Consider the following statements:

• The Pratiharas acted as bulwarks against Islamic invaders, notably during the early Arab invasions.

• Rashtrakuta poet Pampa’s works mention the Gurjara-Pratiharas in a highly negative light, reflecting the political rivalry of the period.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation:

• The Pratiharas were a powerful dynasty that ruled parts of northern and western India from the 8th to the 11th centuries. During the early medieval period, the Indian subcontinent faced several waves of Islamic invasions, particularly by Arab forces.

• Historical accounts indicate that the Pratiharas successfully defended their territories against Arab incursions into western India. They were known for their military prowess and strategic alliances, which helped them withstand external threats. The Pratihara rulers, particularly Nagabhata I, are credited with repelling Arab attacks and maintaining the sovereignty of their kingdom. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Pampa, a renowned poet in the court of the Rashtrakuta dynasty, is celebrated for his Mahakavyas (epic poems) and other literary works. While Pampa’s writings often depict historical events and figures, there is limited evidence to suggest that he portrayed the Gurjara-Pratiharas in a highly negative light due to political rivalry.

• While it is plausible that Pampa might have included references to the Gurjara-Pratiharas in his compositions, attributing a highly negative portrayal solely to political rivalry is inaccurate. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• Hence, option (a) is correct.

• Question 15 of 40 15. Question 1 points During which battle did Sher Shah defeat Humayun, leading to his assumption of sovereign ruler ship? a) Battle of Kanauj b) Battle of Chausa c) Battle of Khanwa d) Battle of Tughlaqabad Correct Answer: b Explanation: The Battle of Chausa, fought in 1539, was a significant military confrontation between Sher Shah and Humayun, the Mughal Emperor. Sher Shah, who was then known as Farid Khan, emerged victorious in this battle, defeating Humayun’s forces. This victory marked a turning point in Sher Shah’s career, as it enabled him to assert his authority and assume sovereign rulership over parts of northern India. After this battle, Sher Shah established himself as a formidable ruler and eventually ascended to the throne, adopting the title of Sher Shah. Therefore, the Battle of Chausa played a crucial role in Sher Shah’s rise to power and his subsequent establishment of the Sur Empire. Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b Explanation: The Battle of Chausa, fought in 1539, was a significant military confrontation between Sher Shah and Humayun, the Mughal Emperor. Sher Shah, who was then known as Farid Khan, emerged victorious in this battle, defeating Humayun’s forces. This victory marked a turning point in Sher Shah’s career, as it enabled him to assert his authority and assume sovereign rulership over parts of northern India. After this battle, Sher Shah established himself as a formidable ruler and eventually ascended to the throne, adopting the title of Sher Shah. Therefore, the Battle of Chausa played a crucial role in Sher Shah’s rise to power and his subsequent establishment of the Sur Empire. Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 15. Question

During which battle did Sher Shah defeat Humayun, leading to his assumption of sovereign ruler ship?

• a) Battle of Kanauj

• b) Battle of Chausa

• c) Battle of Khanwa

• d) Battle of Tughlaqabad

Explanation:

• The Battle of Chausa, fought in 1539, was a significant military confrontation between Sher Shah and Humayun, the Mughal Emperor. Sher Shah, who was then known as Farid Khan, emerged victorious in this battle, defeating Humayun’s forces. This victory marked a turning point in Sher Shah’s career, as it enabled him to assert his authority and assume sovereign rulership over parts of northern India.

• After this battle, Sher Shah established himself as a formidable ruler and eventually ascended to the throne, adopting the title of Sher Shah. Therefore, the Battle of Chausa played a crucial role in Sher Shah’s rise to power and his subsequent establishment of the Sur Empire.

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

• Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 16 of 40 16. Question 1 points Consider the followings: Sivakasintamani Periyapuranam Kalingattupparani Kundalakesi How many of the above Tamil Literatures were written during Chola Period? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Answer: d The development of Tamil literature reached its peak during the Chola period. Sivakasintamani written by Thiruthakkadevar and Kundalakesi belonged to 10th century. The Ramayana composed by Kamban and the Periyapuranam or Tiruttondarpuranam by Sekkilar are the two master-pieces of this age. Jayankondar’s Kalingattupparani describes the Kalinga war fought by Kulotunga I. The Moovarula written by Ottakuthar depicts the life of three Chola kings. The Nalavenba was written by Pugalendi. The works on Tamil grammar like Kalladam by Kalladanar, Yapperungalam by Amirthasagarar, a Jain, Nannul by Pavanandhi and Virasoliyam by Buddhamitra were the products of the Chola age. Hence, option (d) is correct. Incorrect Answer: d The development of Tamil literature reached its peak during the Chola period. Sivakasintamani written by Thiruthakkadevar and Kundalakesi belonged to 10th century. The Ramayana composed by Kamban and the Periyapuranam or Tiruttondarpuranam by Sekkilar are the two master-pieces of this age. Jayankondar’s Kalingattupparani describes the Kalinga war fought by Kulotunga I. The Moovarula written by Ottakuthar depicts the life of three Chola kings. The Nalavenba was written by Pugalendi. The works on Tamil grammar like Kalladam by Kalladanar, Yapperungalam by Amirthasagarar, a Jain, Nannul by Pavanandhi and Virasoliyam by Buddhamitra were the products of the Chola age. Hence, option (d) is correct.

#### 16. Question

Consider the followings:

• Sivakasintamani

• Periyapuranam

• Kalingattupparani

• Kundalakesi

How many of the above Tamil Literatures were written during Chola Period?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

The development of Tamil literature reached its peak during the Chola period. Sivakasintamani written by Thiruthakkadevar and Kundalakesi belonged to 10th century. The Ramayana composed by Kamban and the Periyapuranam or Tiruttondarpuranam by Sekkilar are the two master-pieces of this age. Jayankondar’s Kalingattupparani describes the Kalinga war fought by Kulotunga I. The Moovarula written by Ottakuthar depicts the life of three Chola kings. The Nalavenba was written by Pugalendi. The works on Tamil grammar like Kalladam by Kalladanar, Yapperungalam by Amirthasagarar, a Jain, Nannul by Pavanandhi and Virasoliyam by Buddhamitra were the products of the Chola age.

Hence, option (d) is correct.

• Question 17 of 40 17. Question 1 points Consider the following Battles of Medieval India: Battle of Giri-Sumel Battle of Dharmat Battle of Khanwa Battle of Chausa Which one of the followings is a correct chronological order of the above battle from earliest to the latest? (a) 4-3-1-2 (b) 3-4-1-2 (c) 3-2-1-4 (d) 2-3-1-4 Correct Answer: b The Battle of Sammel, also known as the Battle of Giri-Sumel, took place in 1544. It was fought near the villages of Giri and Sumel in the Jaitaran sub-division, in the Pali district of Rajputana. The Battle of Dharmat was fought on April 15, 1658 between Aurangzeb and Jaswant Singh Rathore. The battle took place on the banks of the Narmada River, about 20 kilometers from Ujjain. The Battle of Khanwa was fought at Khanwa on March 16, 1527. It was fought between the invading Timurid forces of Babur and the Rajput Confederation led by Rana Sanga for supremacy of Northern India. The Battle of Chausa was a notable military engagement between the Mughal Emperor, Humayun, and the Afghan warlord, Sher Shah Suri. It was fought on 26 June 1539 at Chausa, 10 miles southwest of Buxar in modern-day Bihar, India. Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b The Battle of Sammel, also known as the Battle of Giri-Sumel, took place in 1544. It was fought near the villages of Giri and Sumel in the Jaitaran sub-division, in the Pali district of Rajputana. The Battle of Dharmat was fought on April 15, 1658 between Aurangzeb and Jaswant Singh Rathore. The battle took place on the banks of the Narmada River, about 20 kilometers from Ujjain. The Battle of Khanwa was fought at Khanwa on March 16, 1527. It was fought between the invading Timurid forces of Babur and the Rajput Confederation led by Rana Sanga for supremacy of Northern India. The Battle of Chausa was a notable military engagement between the Mughal Emperor, Humayun, and the Afghan warlord, Sher Shah Suri. It was fought on 26 June 1539 at Chausa, 10 miles southwest of Buxar in modern-day Bihar, India. Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 17. Question

Consider the following Battles of Medieval India:

• Battle of Giri-Sumel

• Battle of Dharmat

• Battle of Khanwa

• Battle of Chausa

Which one of the followings is a correct chronological order of the above battle from earliest to the latest?

• (a) 4-3-1-2

• (b) 3-4-1-2

• (c) 3-2-1-4

• (d) 2-3-1-4

The Battle of Sammel, also known as the Battle of Giri-Sumel, took place in 1544. It was fought near the villages of Giri and Sumel in the Jaitaran sub-division, in the Pali district of Rajputana.

The Battle of Dharmat was fought on April 15, 1658 between Aurangzeb and Jaswant Singh Rathore. The battle took place on the banks of the Narmada River, about 20 kilometers from Ujjain.

The Battle of Khanwa was fought at Khanwa on March 16, 1527. It was fought between the invading Timurid forces of Babur and the Rajput Confederation led by Rana Sanga for supremacy of Northern India.

The Battle of Chausa was a notable military engagement between the Mughal Emperor, Humayun, and the Afghan warlord, Sher Shah Suri. It was fought on 26 June 1539 at Chausa, 10 miles southwest of Buxar in modern-day Bihar, India.

Hence, option (b) is correct.

The Battle of Dharmat was fought on April 15, 1658 between Aurangzeb and Jaswant Singh Rathore. The battle took place on the banks of the Narmada River, about 20 kilometers from Ujjain.

Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 18 of 40 18. Question 1 points Consider the following statements: According to Iltutmish, the Sultan was God’s shadow on earth and the recipient of divine grace. Iltutmish introduced rigorous court discipline and new customs such as prostration and kissing the Sultan’s feet to prove his superiority over the nobles. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Answer: d Balban’s experience as the regent made him to understand the problems of Delhi Sultanate. He knew that the real threat to the monarchy was from the nobles called the Forty. He was convinced that only by enhancing the power and authority of the monarchy he could face the problems. According to Balban, the Sultan was God’s shadow on earth and the recipient of divine grace. Balban introduced rigorous court discipline and new customs such as prostration and kissing the Sultan’s feet to prove his superiority over the nobles. He also introduced the Persian festival of Nauroz to impress the nobles and people with his wealth and power. He stood forth as the champion of Turkish nobility. At the same time he did not share power with other nobles. Indian Muslims were not given important post in the government. He appointed spies to monitor the activities of the nobles. Hence, statement 1 and statement 2 both are incorrect. Incorrect Answer: d Balban’s experience as the regent made him to understand the problems of Delhi Sultanate. He knew that the real threat to the monarchy was from the nobles called the Forty. He was convinced that only by enhancing the power and authority of the monarchy he could face the problems. According to Balban, the Sultan was God’s shadow on earth and the recipient of divine grace. Balban introduced rigorous court discipline and new customs such as prostration and kissing the Sultan’s feet to prove his superiority over the nobles. He also introduced the Persian festival of Nauroz to impress the nobles and people with his wealth and power. He stood forth as the champion of Turkish nobility. At the same time he did not share power with other nobles. Indian Muslims were not given important post in the government. He appointed spies to monitor the activities of the nobles. Hence, statement 1 and statement 2 both are incorrect.

#### 18. Question

Consider the following statements:

• According to Iltutmish, the Sultan was God’s shadow on earth and the recipient of divine grace.

• Iltutmish introduced rigorous court discipline and new customs such as prostration and kissing the Sultan’s feet to prove his superiority over the nobles.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Balban’s experience as the regent made him to understand the problems of Delhi Sultanate. He knew that the real threat to the monarchy was from the nobles called the Forty. He was convinced that only by enhancing the power and authority of the monarchy he could face the problems. According to Balban, the Sultan was God’s shadow on earth and the recipient of divine grace. Balban introduced rigorous court discipline and new customs such as prostration and kissing the Sultan’s feet to prove his superiority over the nobles. He also introduced the Persian festival of Nauroz to impress the nobles and people with his wealth and power. He stood forth as the champion of Turkish nobility. At the same time he did not share power with other nobles. Indian Muslims were not given important post in the government. He appointed spies to monitor the activities of the nobles.

Hence, statement 1 and statement 2 both are incorrect.

• Question 19 of 40 19. Question 1 points With reference to the Ashtapradhan of Shivaji, consider the following pairs: (Ministers) (Functions) Amatya Military commander Panditarao religious administration Sar-i-Naubat Accountant General How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Answer: a Shivaji was also a great administrator. He laid the foundations of a sound system of administration. The king was the pivot of the government. He was assisted by a council of ministers called Ashtapradhan. However, each minister was directly responsible to Shivaji. Peshwa – Finance and general administration. Later he became the prime minister. Sar-i-Naubat or Senapati – Military commander, a honorary post. Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched. Amatya – Accountant General. Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched. Waqenavis – Intelligence, posts and household affairs: Sachiv – Correspondence. Sumanta – Master of ceremonies. Nyayadish – Justice. Panditarao – Charities and religious administration. Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched. Incorrect Answer: a Shivaji was also a great administrator. He laid the foundations of a sound system of administration. The king was the pivot of the government. He was assisted by a council of ministers called Ashtapradhan. However, each minister was directly responsible to Shivaji. Peshwa – Finance and general administration. Later he became the prime minister. Sar-i-Naubat or Senapati – Military commander, a honorary post. Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched. Amatya – Accountant General. Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched. Waqenavis – Intelligence, posts and household affairs: Sachiv – Correspondence. Sumanta – Master of ceremonies. Nyayadish – Justice. Panditarao – Charities and religious administration. Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched.

#### 19. Question

With reference to the Ashtapradhan of Shivaji, consider the following pairs:

(Ministers) (Functions)

• Amatya Military commander

• Panditarao religious administration

• Sar-i-Naubat Accountant General

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Shivaji was also a great administrator. He laid the foundations of a sound system of administration. The king was the pivot of the government. He was assisted by a council of ministers called Ashtapradhan. However, each minister was directly responsible to Shivaji.

• Peshwa – Finance and general administration. Later he became the prime minister.

• Sar-i-Naubat or Senapati – Military commander, a honorary post.

Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

• Amatya – Accountant General.

Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched.

• Waqenavis – Intelligence, posts and household affairs:

• Sachiv – Correspondence.

• Sumanta – Master of ceremonies.

• Nyayadish – Justice.

• Panditarao – Charities and religious administration.

Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched.

• Peshwa – Finance and general administration. Later he became the prime minister.

• Sar-i-Naubat or Senapati – Military commander, a honorary post.

Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

• Amatya – Accountant General.

Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched.

• Waqenavis – Intelligence, posts and household affairs:

• Sachiv – Correspondence.

• Sumanta – Master of ceremonies.

• Nyayadish – Justice.

• Panditarao – Charities and religious administration.

Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched.

• Question 20 of 40 20. Question 1 points Consider the followings: Ramananda Kabir Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti Namdev The Guru Granth Sahib contains predominantly hymns of how many of the above Saints? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Answer: c The Guru Granth Sahib contains the teachings of saints from the Hindu Bhakti movement, including Ramananda, Kabir, and Namdev, and one Muslim Sufi saint, Sheikh Farid. The Guru Granth Sahib also includes the hymns of the Gurus, and the writings of these saints, who are known as Bhagats. These saints improved the social, ethical, and religious lives of the masses, and included saints from different social divides, such as caste. Hence, option (c) is correct. Incorrect Answer: c The Guru Granth Sahib contains the teachings of saints from the Hindu Bhakti movement, including Ramananda, Kabir, and Namdev, and one Muslim Sufi saint, Sheikh Farid. The Guru Granth Sahib also includes the hymns of the Gurus, and the writings of these saints, who are known as Bhagats. These saints improved the social, ethical, and religious lives of the masses, and included saints from different social divides, such as caste. Hence, option (c) is correct.

#### 20. Question

Consider the followings:

• Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti

The Guru Granth Sahib contains predominantly hymns of how many of the above Saints?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

The Guru Granth Sahib contains the teachings of saints from the Hindu Bhakti movement, including Ramananda, Kabir, and Namdev, and one Muslim Sufi saint, Sheikh Farid. The Guru Granth Sahib also includes the hymns of the Gurus, and the writings of these saints, who are known as Bhagats. These saints improved the social, ethical, and religious lives of the masses, and included saints from different social divides, such as caste.

Hence, option (c) is correct.

• Question 21 of 40 21. Question 1 points Consider the followings: Umrethi Bhimbetka Singhbhum Hungsi Valley Didwana How many of the above sites are associated with Upper-Palaeolithic Age? (a) Only two (b) Only three (c) Only four (d) All five Correct Answer: b Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 21. Question

Consider the followings:

• Hungsi Valley

How many of the above sites are associated with Upper-Palaeolithic Age?

• (a) Only two

• (b) Only three

• (c) Only four

• (d) All five

Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 22 of 40 22. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Battle of the Hydaspes: It was fought between Alexander the Great and Porus in May of 326 BC. It took place on the banks of the Sutlej River in Punjab. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Answer: a The Battle of the Hydaspes also known as Battle of Jhelum, or First Battle of Jhelum, was fought between Alexander the Great and Porus in May of 326 BC. It took place on the banks of the Hydaspes (Jhelum) River in Punjab, as part of Alexander’s Indian campaign. In what was possibly their most costly engagement, the Macedonian army secured a decisive victory over the Pauravas and captured Porus. Hence, statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect. Incorrect Answer: a The Battle of the Hydaspes also known as Battle of Jhelum, or First Battle of Jhelum, was fought between Alexander the Great and Porus in May of 326 BC. It took place on the banks of the Hydaspes (Jhelum) River in Punjab, as part of Alexander’s Indian campaign. In what was possibly their most costly engagement, the Macedonian army secured a decisive victory over the Pauravas and captured Porus. Hence, statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

#### 22. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Battle of the Hydaspes:

• It was fought between Alexander the Great and Porus in May of 326 BC.

• It took place on the banks of the Sutlej River in Punjab.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

The Battle of the Hydaspes also known as Battle of Jhelum, or First Battle of Jhelum, was fought between Alexander the Great and Porus in May of 326 BC. It took place on the banks of the Hydaspes (Jhelum) River in Punjab, as part of Alexander’s Indian campaign. In what was possibly their most costly engagement, the Macedonian army secured a decisive victory over the Pauravas and captured Porus.

Hence, statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

• Question 23 of 40 23. Question 1 points Consider the followings: Persian invasions Alexander’s Invasion Huna Invasion Invasion of Seleucid Arrange the above incidents of Ancient History in the chronological order from earliest to latest: (a) 2-1-4-3 (b) 1-2-4-3 (c) 2-3-1-4 (d) 3-2-1-4 Correct Answer: b Around 535 BCE, the Persian king Cyrus the Great initiated a protracted campaign to absorb parts of India into his nascent Achaemenid Empire. In this initial incursion, the Persian army annexed a large region to the west of the Indus River, consolidating the early eastern borders of their new realm. The Indian campaign of Alexander the Great began in 327 BC and lasted until 325 BC. After conquering the Achaemenid Persian Empire, the Macedonian army undertook an expedition into the northwestern Indian subcontinent. The Seleucid–Mauryan War was fought between 305 and 303 BC. It started when Seleucus I Nicator of the Seleucid Empire sought to retake the Indian satrapies of the Macedonian Empire, which had been occupied by Emperor Chandragupta Maurya, of the Maurya Empire. Huna was the name given by the ancient Indians to a group of Central Asian tribes who, via the Khyber Pass, entered the Indian subcontinent at the end of the 5th or early 6th century. The Hunas occupied areas as far south as Eran and Kausambi, greatly weakening the Gupta Empire. Hence, option (b) is correct. Incorrect Answer: b Around 535 BCE, the Persian king Cyrus the Great initiated a protracted campaign to absorb parts of India into his nascent Achaemenid Empire. In this initial incursion, the Persian army annexed a large region to the west of the Indus River, consolidating the early eastern borders of their new realm. The Indian campaign of Alexander the Great began in 327 BC and lasted until 325 BC. After conquering the Achaemenid Persian Empire, the Macedonian army undertook an expedition into the northwestern Indian subcontinent. The Seleucid–Mauryan War was fought between 305 and 303 BC. It started when Seleucus I Nicator of the Seleucid Empire sought to retake the Indian satrapies of the Macedonian Empire, which had been occupied by Emperor Chandragupta Maurya, of the Maurya Empire. Huna was the name given by the ancient Indians to a group of Central Asian tribes who, via the Khyber Pass, entered the Indian subcontinent at the end of the 5th or early 6th century. The Hunas occupied areas as far south as Eran and Kausambi, greatly weakening the Gupta Empire. Hence, option (b) is correct.

#### 23. Question

Consider the followings:

• Persian invasions

• Alexander’s Invasion

• Huna Invasion

• Invasion of Seleucid

Arrange the above incidents of Ancient History in the chronological order from earliest to latest:

• (a) 2-1-4-3

• (b) 1-2-4-3

• (c) 2-3-1-4

• (d) 3-2-1-4

Around 535 BCE, the Persian king Cyrus the Great initiated a protracted campaign to absorb parts of India into his nascent Achaemenid Empire. In this initial incursion, the Persian army annexed a large region to the west of the Indus River, consolidating the early eastern borders of their new realm.

The Indian campaign of Alexander the Great began in 327 BC and lasted until 325 BC. After conquering the Achaemenid Persian Empire, the Macedonian army undertook an expedition into the northwestern Indian subcontinent.

The Seleucid–Mauryan War was fought between 305 and 303 BC. It started when Seleucus I Nicator of the Seleucid Empire sought to retake the Indian satrapies of the Macedonian Empire, which had been occupied by Emperor Chandragupta Maurya, of the Maurya Empire.

Huna was the name given by the ancient Indians to a group of Central Asian tribes who, via the Khyber Pass, entered the Indian subcontinent at the end of the 5th or early 6th century. The Hunas occupied areas as far south as Eran and Kausambi, greatly weakening the Gupta Empire.

Hence, option (b) is correct.

• Question 24 of 40 24. Question 1 points Consider the following pairs: (Buddhist Council) (Presided over by) First Maha Kasyapa Third Vasumitra Second Mogaliputta Tissa Fourth Kanishka How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Answer: a First Buddhist Council: It was held in Sattaparnaguha Cave situated outside Rajgriha (the modern city of Rajgir) in 486 BC. King: Ajatasatru, son of King Bimbisara (Haryanka Dynasty). Presiding Priest: Venerable Maha Kasyapa with 500 monks. Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched. Second Buddhist Council: It was held in Vaishali in 386 BC King: Kalasoka (Shisunaga Dynasty) Presiding Priest: Sabakami Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched. Third Buddhist Council: It was held in Pataliputra in 250 BC. King: Ashoka (Maurya Dynasty). Presiding priest: Mogaliputta Tissa (Upagupta). Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched. Fourth Buddhist Council: It was held in Kundalavana, Kashmir in 72 AD. King: Kanishka (Kushan Dynasty) Presiding Priest: Vasumitra; deputed by Asvaghosha. Hence, pair 4 is incorrectly matched. Incorrect Answer: a First Buddhist Council: It was held in Sattaparnaguha Cave situated outside Rajgriha (the modern city of Rajgir) in 486 BC. King: Ajatasatru, son of King Bimbisara (Haryanka Dynasty). Presiding Priest: Venerable Maha Kasyapa with 500 monks. Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched. Second Buddhist Council: It was held in Vaishali in 386 BC King: Kalasoka (Shisunaga Dynasty) Presiding Priest: Sabakami Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched. Third Buddhist Council: It was held in Pataliputra in 250 BC. King: Ashoka (Maurya Dynasty). Presiding priest: Mogaliputta Tissa (Upagupta). Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched. Fourth Buddhist Council: It was held in Kundalavana, Kashmir in 72 AD. King: Kanishka (Kushan Dynasty) Presiding Priest: Vasumitra; deputed by Asvaghosha. Hence, pair 4 is incorrectly matched.

#### 24. Question

Consider the following pairs:

(Buddhist Council) (Presided over by)

• First Maha Kasyapa

• Third Vasumitra

• Second Mogaliputta Tissa

• Fourth Kanishka

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

First Buddhist Council: It was held in Sattaparnaguha Cave situated outside Rajgriha (the modern city of Rajgir) in 486 BC.

• King: Ajatasatru, son of King Bimbisara (Haryanka Dynasty).

• Presiding Priest: Venerable Maha Kasyapa with 500 monks.

Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched.

Second Buddhist Council: It was held in Vaishali in 386 BC

• King: Kalasoka (Shisunaga Dynasty)

• Presiding Priest: Sabakami

Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

Third Buddhist Council: It was held in Pataliputra in 250 BC.

• King: Ashoka (Maurya Dynasty).

• Presiding priest: Mogaliputta Tissa (Upagupta).

Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched.

Fourth Buddhist Council: It was held in Kundalavana, Kashmir in 72 AD.

• King: Kanishka (Kushan Dynasty)

• Presiding Priest: Vasumitra; deputed by Asvaghosha.

Hence, pair 4 is incorrectly matched.

First Buddhist Council: It was held in Sattaparnaguha Cave situated outside Rajgriha (the modern city of Rajgir) in 486 BC.

• King: Ajatasatru, son of King Bimbisara (Haryanka Dynasty).

• Presiding Priest: Venerable Maha Kasyapa with 500 monks.

Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched.

Second Buddhist Council: It was held in Vaishali in 386 BC

• King: Kalasoka (Shisunaga Dynasty)

• Presiding Priest: Sabakami

Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

Third Buddhist Council: It was held in Pataliputra in 250 BC.

• King: Ashoka (Maurya Dynasty).

• Presiding priest: Mogaliputta Tissa (Upagupta).

Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched.

Fourth Buddhist Council: It was held in Kundalavana, Kashmir in 72 AD.

• King: Kanishka (Kushan Dynasty)

• Presiding Priest: Vasumitra; deputed by Asvaghosha.

Hence, pair 4 is incorrectly matched.

• Question 25 of 40 25. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Kushan Empire: Vima Kadphises was the first to introduce gold coinage in India. They were the furthest eastern Indo-European speaking people. The coin designs follow Hellenistic styles of image, with a deity on one side and the king on the other. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Answer: c The Kushan tribe of the Yuezhi confederation, believed to be Indo-European people from the eastern Tarim Basin, China, possibly related to the Tocharians, created the empire. They were the furthest eastern Indo-European speaking people. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Kushan kings introduced gold and copper coins, a large number of them have survived till today. It was the Kushan emperor, Vima Kadaphises who introduced the first gold coins of India. Hence, statement 1 is correct. The coin designs usually broadly follow the styles of the preceding Greco-Bactrian rulers in using Hellenistic styles of image, with a deity on one side and the king on the other. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Incorrect Answer: c The Kushan tribe of the Yuezhi confederation, believed to be Indo-European people from the eastern Tarim Basin, China, possibly related to the Tocharians, created the empire. They were the furthest eastern Indo-European speaking people. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Kushan kings introduced gold and copper coins, a large number of them have survived till today. It was the Kushan emperor, Vima Kadaphises who introduced the first gold coins of India. Hence, statement 1 is correct. The coin designs usually broadly follow the styles of the preceding Greco-Bactrian rulers in using Hellenistic styles of image, with a deity on one side and the king on the other. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

#### 25. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Kushan Empire:

• Vima Kadphises was the first to introduce gold coinage in India.

• They were the furthest eastern Indo-European speaking people.

• The coin designs follow Hellenistic styles of image, with a deity on one side and the king on the other.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

• The Kushan tribe of the Yuezhi confederation, believed to be Indo-European people from the eastern Tarim Basin, China, possibly related to the Tocharians, created the empire.

• They were the furthest eastern Indo-European speaking people.

Hence, statement 2 is correct.

• Kushan kings introduced gold and copper coins, a large number of them have survived till today.

• It was the Kushan emperor, Vima Kadaphises who introduced the first gold coins of India.

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• The coin designs usually broadly follow the styles of the preceding Greco-Bactrian rulers in using Hellenistic styles of image, with a deity on one side and the king on the other.

Hence, statement 3 is correct.

• The Kushan tribe of the Yuezhi confederation, believed to be Indo-European people from the eastern Tarim Basin, China, possibly related to the Tocharians, created the empire.

• They were the furthest eastern Indo-European speaking people.

Hence, statement 2 is correct.

• Kushan kings introduced gold and copper coins, a large number of them have survived till today.

• It was the Kushan emperor, Vima Kadaphises who introduced the first gold coins of India.

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• The coin designs usually broadly follow the styles of the preceding Greco-Bactrian rulers in using Hellenistic styles of image, with a deity on one side and the king on the other.

Hence, statement 3 is correct.

• Question 26 of 40 26. Question 1 points Consider the following about the development of arts during the Sangam age. Liberal donations were given to poets by the kings, chieftains and nobles. The royal courts hosted with singing bards called Panar and Viraliyar. A variety of Yazhs and drums find mention in the Sangam literature. There is a noted absence of folk songs and folk dances. How many of the statements above is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) Only three d) All four Correct Solution: c) Justification: Poetry, music and dancing were popular among the people of the Sangam age. Liberal donations were given to poets by the kings, chieftains and nobles. The royal courts were crowded with singing bards called Panar and Viraliyar. They were experts in folk songs and folk dances. The arts of music and dancing were highly developed. A variety of Yazhs and drums are referred to in the Sangam literature. Dancing was performed by Kanigaiyar. Koothu was the most popular entertainment of the people. Q Source: TN 11th History Textbook Incorrect Solution: c) Justification: Poetry, music and dancing were popular among the people of the Sangam age. Liberal donations were given to poets by the kings, chieftains and nobles. The royal courts were crowded with singing bards called Panar and Viraliyar. They were experts in folk songs and folk dances. The arts of music and dancing were highly developed. A variety of Yazhs and drums are referred to in the Sangam literature. Dancing was performed by Kanigaiyar. Koothu was the most popular entertainment of the people. Q Source: TN 11th History Textbook

#### 26. Question

Consider the following about the development of arts during the Sangam age.

• Liberal donations were given to poets by the kings, chieftains and nobles.

• The royal courts hosted with singing bards called Panar and Viraliyar.

• A variety of Yazhs and drums find mention in the Sangam literature.

• There is a noted absence of folk songs and folk dances.

How many of the statements above is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) Only three

• d) All four

Solution: c)

Justification: Poetry, music and dancing were popular among the people of the Sangam age. Liberal donations were given to poets by the kings, chieftains and nobles.

The royal courts were crowded with singing bards called Panar and Viraliyar.

They were experts in folk songs and folk dances. The arts of music and dancing were highly developed.

A variety of Yazhs and drums are referred to in the Sangam literature. Dancing was performed by Kanigaiyar. Koothu was the most popular entertainment of the people.

Q Source: TN 11th History Textbook

Solution: c)

Justification: Poetry, music and dancing were popular among the people of the Sangam age. Liberal donations were given to poets by the kings, chieftains and nobles.

The royal courts were crowded with singing bards called Panar and Viraliyar.

They were experts in folk songs and folk dances. The arts of music and dancing were highly developed.

A variety of Yazhs and drums are referred to in the Sangam literature. Dancing was performed by Kanigaiyar. Koothu was the most popular entertainment of the people.

Q Source: TN 11th History Textbook

• Question 27 of 40 27. Question 1 points The Jainas believe that the natural and supernatural things of the universe can be traced back to seven fundamental elements. These did NOT include the element of : a) Jiva b) Bandha c) Nirjana d) Rasa Correct Solution: d) Justification: The Jainas believe that the natural and supernatural things of the universe can be traced back to seven fundamental elements. They are jiva, ajivaa, astikaya, bandha, samvara, nirjana, and moksa. Substances like body which exist and envelope (like a cover) are astïkaya. Anastikayas like ‘time’ have no body at all. The substance is the basis of attributes (qualities). The attributes that we find in a substance are known as dharmas. The Jainas believe that things or substance have attributes. These attributes also change with the change of kala (time). From their point of view, the attributes of a substance are essential, and eternal or unchangeable. Without essential attributes, a thing cannot exist. So they are always present in everything. For example, consciousness (chetana) is the essence of the soul; desire, happiness and sorrow are its changeable attributes. Q Source: AR: TN 11th History Textbook Incorrect Solution: d) Justification: The Jainas believe that the natural and supernatural things of the universe can be traced back to seven fundamental elements. They are jiva, ajivaa, astikaya, bandha, samvara, nirjana, and moksa. Substances like body which exist and envelope (like a cover) are astïkaya. Anastikayas like ‘time’ have no body at all. The substance is the basis of attributes (qualities). The attributes that we find in a substance are known as dharmas. The Jainas believe that things or substance have attributes. These attributes also change with the change of kala (time). From their point of view, the attributes of a substance are essential, and eternal or unchangeable. Without essential attributes, a thing cannot exist. So they are always present in everything. For example, consciousness (chetana) is the essence of the soul; desire, happiness and sorrow are its changeable attributes. Q Source: AR: TN 11th History Textbook

#### 27. Question

The Jainas believe that the natural and supernatural things of the universe can be traced back to seven fundamental elements. These did NOT include the element of :

• c) Nirjana

Solution: d)

Justification: The Jainas believe that the natural and supernatural things of the universe can be traced back to seven fundamental elements. They are jiva, ajivaa, astikaya, bandha, samvara, nirjana, and moksa. Substances like body which exist and envelope (like a cover) are astïkaya. Anastikayas like ‘time’ have no body at all. The substance is the basis of attributes (qualities).

The attributes that we find in a substance are known as dharmas. The Jainas believe that things or substance have attributes. These attributes also change with the change of kala (time). From their point of view, the attributes of a substance are essential, and eternal or unchangeable. Without essential attributes, a thing cannot exist. So they are always present in everything. For example, consciousness (chetana) is the essence of the soul; desire, happiness and sorrow are its changeable attributes.

Q Source: AR: TN 11th History Textbook

Solution: d)

Q Source: AR: TN 11th History Textbook

• Question 28 of 40 28. Question 1 points Mahadev Govind Ranade was one of the prominent leaders of the Prarthana Samaj, established in Bombay by Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang in 1867. According to the views of Ranade, rigidity in religion allows success better social, economic and political growth as social values remain stable. idol worship, as well as the caste system, should be de-emphasised. there is a multiplicity of God Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: b) Justification: The Prarthana Samaj was established in Bombay by Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang in 1867. They tried to introduce social reforms like inter-caste dining, inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage and improvement of the lot of women and depressed classes. According to Ranade, one of its prominent leaders, rigidity in religion would not permit success in social, economic and political spheres. He believed in the unity of God and de-emphasised idol worship as well as caste system. Q Source: NIOS Culture Material: Module IV Incorrect Solution: b) Justification: The Prarthana Samaj was established in Bombay by Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang in 1867. They tried to introduce social reforms like inter-caste dining, inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage and improvement of the lot of women and depressed classes. According to Ranade, one of its prominent leaders, rigidity in religion would not permit success in social, economic and political spheres. He believed in the unity of God and de-emphasised idol worship as well as caste system. Q Source: NIOS Culture Material: Module IV

#### 28. Question

Mahadev Govind Ranade was one of the prominent leaders of the Prarthana Samaj, established in Bombay by Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang in 1867. According to the views of Ranade,

• rigidity in religion allows success better social, economic and political growth as social values remain stable.

• idol worship, as well as the caste system, should be de-emphasised.

• there is a multiplicity of God

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: b)

Justification: The Prarthana Samaj was established in Bombay by Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang in 1867. They tried to introduce social reforms like inter-caste dining, inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage and improvement of the lot of women and depressed classes.

According to Ranade, one of its prominent leaders, rigidity in religion would not permit success in social, economic and political spheres. He believed in the unity of God and de-emphasised idol worship as well as caste system.

Q Source: NIOS Culture Material: Module IV

Solution: b)

Q Source: NIOS Culture Material: Module IV

• Question 29 of 40 29. Question 1 points Tolkappiyam refers to four castes; of them, which of the following played a dominant role in Sangam polity and religion? a) Arasar and Anthanars b) Vanigars and Vellalas c) Marayar and Pulaiyar d) Thodas and Irulas Correct Solution: a) Justification: Tolkappiyam refers to four castes namely arasar, anthanar, vanigar and vellalar. The ruling class was called arasar. Anthanars played a significant role in the Sangam polity and religion. Vanigars carried on trade and commerce. The vellalas were agriculturists. Other tribal groups like Parathavar, Panar, Eyinar, Kadambar, Maravar and Pulaiyar were also found in the Sangam society. Ancient primitive tribes like Thodas, Irulas, Nagas and Vedars lived in this period. Q Source: TN 11th History Textbook Incorrect Solution: a) Justification: Tolkappiyam refers to four castes namely arasar, anthanar, vanigar and vellalar. The ruling class was called arasar. Anthanars played a significant role in the Sangam polity and religion. Vanigars carried on trade and commerce. The vellalas were agriculturists. Other tribal groups like Parathavar, Panar, Eyinar, Kadambar, Maravar and Pulaiyar were also found in the Sangam society. Ancient primitive tribes like Thodas, Irulas, Nagas and Vedars lived in this period. Q Source: TN 11th History Textbook

#### 29. Question

Tolkappiyam refers to four castes; of them, which of the following played a dominant role in Sangam polity and religion?

• a) Arasar and Anthanars

• b) Vanigars and Vellalas

• c) Marayar and Pulaiyar

• d) Thodas and Irulas

Solution: a)

Justification: Tolkappiyam refers to four castes namely arasar, anthanar, vanigar and vellalar. The ruling class was called arasar. Anthanars played a significant role in the Sangam polity and religion.

Vanigars carried on trade and commerce. The vellalas were agriculturists. Other tribal groups like Parathavar, Panar, Eyinar, Kadambar, Maravar and Pulaiyar were also found in the Sangam society.

Ancient primitive tribes like Thodas, Irulas, Nagas and Vedars lived in this period.

Q Source: TN 11th History Textbook

Solution: a)

Vanigars carried on trade and commerce. The vellalas were agriculturists. Other tribal groups like Parathavar, Panar, Eyinar, Kadambar, Maravar and Pulaiyar were also found in the Sangam society.

Ancient primitive tribes like Thodas, Irulas, Nagas and Vedars lived in this period.

Q Source: TN 11th History Textbook

• Question 30 of 40 30. Question 1 points The Shaiva movement in the South flourished at the beginning through the activities of many of the 63 saints known in Tamil as Nayanars (Siva-bhakts). Consider the following about them and the development of the tradition. Their emotional songs in Tamil were called Tevaram Stotras, also known as Dravida Veda and were ceremonially sung in the local Shiva temples. The Nayanars hailed from only one caste. The Shaiva movement rejected all forms of intellect, and thus was opposed by the contemporary intellectual movements such as Agamanta and Shudha. How many of the statements above is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Justification: The Shaiva movement in the South flourished at the beginning through the activities of many of the 63 saints known in Tamil as Nayanars (Siva-bhakts). Their appealing emotional songs in Tamil were called Tevaram Stotras, also known as Dravida Veda and ceremonially sung in the local Shiva temples. The Nayanars hailed from all castes. This was supplemented on the doctrinal side by a large number of Shaiva intellectuals whose names were associated with several forms of Shaiva movements like Agamanta, Shudha and Vira-shaivism. Q Source: NIOS Culture Material: Module IV Incorrect Solution: a) Justification: The Shaiva movement in the South flourished at the beginning through the activities of many of the 63 saints known in Tamil as Nayanars (Siva-bhakts). Their appealing emotional songs in Tamil were called Tevaram Stotras, also known as Dravida Veda and ceremonially sung in the local Shiva temples. The Nayanars hailed from all castes. This was supplemented on the doctrinal side by a large number of Shaiva intellectuals whose names were associated with several forms of Shaiva movements like Agamanta, Shudha and Vira-shaivism. Q Source: NIOS Culture Material: Module IV

#### 30. Question

The Shaiva movement in the South flourished at the beginning through the activities of many of the 63 saints known in Tamil as Nayanars (Siva-bhakts). Consider the following about them and the development of the tradition.

• Their emotional songs in Tamil were called Tevaram Stotras, also known as Dravida Veda and were ceremonially sung in the local Shiva temples.

• The Nayanars hailed from only one caste.

• The Shaiva movement rejected all forms of intellect, and thus was opposed by the contemporary intellectual movements such as Agamanta and Shudha.

How many of the statements above is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Justification: The Shaiva movement in the South flourished at the beginning through the activities of many of the 63 saints known in Tamil as Nayanars (Siva-bhakts).

Their appealing emotional songs in Tamil were called Tevaram Stotras, also known as Dravida Veda and ceremonially sung in the local Shiva temples. The Nayanars hailed from all castes.

This was supplemented on the doctrinal side by a large number of Shaiva intellectuals whose names were associated with several forms of Shaiva movements like Agamanta, Shudha and Vira-shaivism.

Q Source: NIOS Culture Material: Module IV

Solution: a)

Justification: The Shaiva movement in the South flourished at the beginning through the activities of many of the 63 saints known in Tamil as Nayanars (Siva-bhakts).

Their appealing emotional songs in Tamil were called Tevaram Stotras, also known as Dravida Veda and ceremonially sung in the local Shiva temples. The Nayanars hailed from all castes.

This was supplemented on the doctrinal side by a large number of Shaiva intellectuals whose names were associated with several forms of Shaiva movements like Agamanta, Shudha and Vira-shaivism.

Q Source: NIOS Culture Material: Module IV

• Question 31 of 40 31. Question 1 points Artificial intelligence is software built to learn or problem solve — processes typically performed in the human brain. Digital assistants like Amazon’s Alexa and Apple’s Siri , along with Tesla’s Autopilot, are all powered by AI. Some forms of AI can even create visual art or write songs. Based on your reading of the passage, what is being talked about in the passage? A. The future threat that AI poses to the existence of humanity B. The ubiquitous way in which AI finds application in most fields C. The way AI technology is being commercialized by companies D. None of the above Correct Correct Answer : B Answer Explanation: Statement a is out rightly wrong as the passage has no stand on the threat that AI poses. Statement b is correct because the passage mentions that AI performs processes typically associated with human brain and thus has wide ranging applications. Statement c is wrong as the passage mentions about digital assistants to explain how AI’s application is quite diverse. Incorrect Correct Answer : B Answer Explanation: Statement a is out rightly wrong as the passage has no stand on the threat that AI poses. Statement b is correct because the passage mentions that AI performs processes typically associated with human brain and thus has wide ranging applications. Statement c is wrong as the passage mentions about digital assistants to explain how AI’s application is quite diverse.

#### 31. Question

Artificial intelligence is software built to learn or problem solve — processes typically performed in the human brain. Digital assistants like Amazon’s Alexa and Apple’s Siri , along with Tesla’s Autopilot, are all powered by AI. Some forms of AI can even create visual art or write songs.

Based on your reading of the passage, what is being talked about in the passage?

• A. The future threat that AI poses to the existence of humanity

• B. The ubiquitous way in which AI finds application in most fields

• C. The way AI technology is being commercialized by companies

• D. None of the above

Correct Answer : B

Answer Explanation:

Statement a is out rightly wrong as the passage has no stand on the threat that AI poses. Statement b is correct because the passage mentions that AI performs processes typically associated with human brain and thus has wide ranging applications. Statement c is wrong as the passage mentions about digital assistants to explain how AI’s application is quite diverse.

Correct Answer : B

Answer Explanation:

• Question 32 of 40 32. Question 1 points A bag contains 25p coins, 50p coins and 1 rupee coins whose values are in the ratio of 8:4:2. The total values of coins are 840. Then find the total amount in rupees. (a) 220 (b) 240 (c) 260 (d) 280 Correct Correct Answer: D) 280 Explanation: Value is given in the ratio 8:4:2. (8x/0.25) + (4x/0.5) + (2x/1) = 840. X = 20. Total amount = 1420 = 280 Incorrect Correct Answer: D) 280 Explanation: Value is given in the ratio 8:4:2. (8x/0.25) + (4x/0.5) + (2x/1) = 840. X = 20. Total amount = 1420 = 280

#### 32. Question

A bag contains 25p coins, 50p coins and 1 rupee coins whose values are in the ratio of 8:4:2. The total values of coins are 840. Then find the total amount in rupees.

Correct Answer: D) 280

Explanation:

Value is given in the ratio 8:4:2.

(8x/0.25) + (4x/0.5) + (2x/1) = 840.

Total amount = 14*20 = 280

Correct Answer: D) 280

Explanation:

Value is given in the ratio 8:4:2.

(8x/0.25) + (4x/0.5) + (2x/1) = 840.

Total amount = 14*20 = 280

• Question 33 of 40 33. Question 1 points The average expenditure of Sharma for the January to June is Rs. 4200 and he spent Rs. 1200 in January and Rs.1500 in July. The average expenditure for the months of February to July is: (a) 2750 (b) 3250 (c) 4250 (d) 4500 Correct Correct Answer: C) 4250 Explanation: Total Expenditure (Jan – June) = 4200 6 = 25200 Total Expenditure (Feb – June) = 25200 – 1200 = 24000 Total Expenditure (Feb – July) = 24000 + 1500 = 25500/6 = 4250 Incorrect Correct Answer: C) 4250 Explanation: Total Expenditure (Jan – June) = 4200 6 = 25200 Total Expenditure (Feb – June) = 25200 – 1200 = 24000 Total Expenditure (Feb – July) = 24000 + 1500 = 25500/6 = 4250

#### 33. Question

The average expenditure of Sharma for the January to June is Rs. 4200 and he spent Rs. 1200 in January and Rs.1500 in July. The average expenditure for the months of February to July is:

Correct Answer: C) 4250

Explanation:

Total Expenditure (Jan – June) = 4200 * 6 = 25200

Total Expenditure (Feb – June) = 25200 – 1200 = 24000

Total Expenditure (Feb – July) = 24000 + 1500 = 25500/6 = 4250

Correct Answer: C) 4250

Explanation:

Total Expenditure (Jan – June) = 4200 * 6 = 25200

Total Expenditure (Feb – June) = 25200 – 1200 = 24000

Total Expenditure (Feb – July) = 24000 + 1500 = 25500/6 = 4250

• Question 34 of 40 34. Question 1 points The price of rice is increased by 20 percent and a person decrease his consumption by 15 percent, so his expenditure on rice – (a) increase by 2 percent (b) increase by 4 percent (c) decrease by 2 percent (d) decrease by 4 percent Correct Correct Answer: A) increase by 2 percent Explanation: Let initial price of rice – 100 and new price of rice – 120 Suppose initial consumption is 100kg and new consumption is 85kg Initial expenditure = 10000 New expenditure = 10200 (200/10000)100 = 2 percent increase. Incorrect Correct Answer: A) increase by 2 percent Explanation: Let initial price of rice – 100 and new price of rice – 120 Suppose initial consumption is 100kg and new consumption is 85kg Initial expenditure = 10000 New expenditure = 10200 (200/10000)100 = 2 percent increase. p1= x p2 = 2x p3= (x + 1000) p4 = 3x So, Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question From Statement II, p3’s share = Rs.4000 So, Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question From statement III, Profit ratio of p3/p4 = 2/3 So, Statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question From I, II and III Profit ratio of p1, p2, p3 and p4 = x 12: 2x 12: (x + 1000) 6: 3x 6 =12x: 24x: (6x + 6000): 18x (6x + 6000)/18x = 2/3 6x + 6000 = 12x x = 1000 Profit ratio = 12000: 24000: 12000: 18000 = 2: 4: 2: 3 p2’s profit share = 4/2 * 4000 = 8000 All the statements are necessary to answer the question.

#### 34. Question

The price of rice is increased by 20 percent and a person decrease his consumption by 15 percent, so his expenditure on rice –

• (a) increase by 2 percent

• (b) increase by 4 percent

• (c) decrease by 2 percent

• (d) decrease by 4 percent

Correct Answer: A) increase by 2 percent

Explanation:

Let initial price of rice – 100 and new price of rice – 120

Suppose initial consumption is 100kg and new consumption is 85kg

Initial expenditure = 10000

New expenditure = 10200 (200/10000)*100 = 2 percent increase.

Correct Answer: A) increase by 2 percent

Explanation:

Let initial price of rice – 100 and new price of rice – 120

Suppose initial consumption is 100kg and new consumption is 85kg

Initial expenditure = 10000

New expenditure = 10200 (200/10000)*100 = 2 percent increase.

p3= (x + 1000)

So, Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question

From Statement II,

p3’s share = Rs.4000

So, Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question

From statement III,

Profit ratio of p3/p4 = 2/3

So, Statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question

From I, II and III

Profit ratio of p1, p2, p3 and p4 = x 12: 2x 12: (x + 1000) 6: 3x 6

=12x: 24x: (6x + 6000): 18x

(6x + 6000)/18x = 2/3

6x + 6000 = 12x

Profit ratio = 12000: 24000: 12000: 18000

= 2: 4: 2: 3

p2’s profit share = 4/2 * 4000 = 8000

All the statements are necessary to answer the question.

• Question 35 of 40 35. Question 1 points Of the five persons, A, B, C, D and E, who is sitting in the middle of row? E does not sit at the corner. B is the only neighbor of A. D who is facing North direction is sitting to the immediate left of C. A) If the data in statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question. B) If the data in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question. C) If the data given in both I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question. D) If the data in both the statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question. Correct Option D) If the data in both the statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question. Explanation: We do not know the directions in which they are sitting. From statement I, there are two possibilities as A B _ _ _ / _ _ _ B A From statement II, we have D C _ _ _ / _ D C _ _ / _ _ DC _ / _ _ _ D C If we combine both statements, we get A B D C _ / A B _ D C OR D C _ B A / _ D C B A Now from statement I, E cannot be at corner so we are left with A B _ D C and D C _ B A now whatever the arrangement is, E is at middle. Incorrect Option D) If the data in both the statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question. Explanation: We do not know the directions in which they are sitting. From statement I, there are two possibilities as A B _ _ _ / _ _ _ B A From statement II, we have D C _ _ _ / _ D C _ _ / _ _ DC _ / _ _ _ D C If we combine both statements, we get A B D C _ / A B _ D C OR D C _ B A / _ D C B A Now from statement I, E cannot be at corner so we are left with A B _ D C and D C _ B A now whatever the arrangement is, E is at middle.

#### 35. Question

Of the five persons, A, B, C, D and E, who is sitting in the middle of row?

• E does not sit at the corner. B is the only neighbor of A.

• D who is facing North direction is sitting to the immediate left of C.

• A) If the data in statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question.

• B) If the data in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.

• C) If the data given in both I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.

• D) If the data in both the statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

Option D) If the data in both the statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

Explanation:

We do not know the directions in which they are sitting.

From statement I, there are two possibilities as

A B _ _ _ / _ _ _ B A

From statement II, we have

D C _ _ _ / _ D C _ _ / _ _ DC _ / _ _ _ D C

If we combine both statements, we get

A B D C _ / A B _ D C

D C _ B A / _ D C B A

Now from statement I, E cannot be at corner

so we are left with A B _ D C and D C _ B A

now whatever the arrangement is, E is at middle.

Option D) If the data in both the statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

Explanation:

We do not know the directions in which they are sitting.

From statement I, there are two possibilities as

A B _ _ _ / _ _ _ B A

From statement II, we have

D C _ _ _ / _ D C _ _ / _ _ DC _ / _ _ _ D C

If we combine both statements, we get

A B D C _ / A B _ D C

D C _ B A / _ D C B A

Now from statement I, E cannot be at corner

so we are left with A B _ D C and D C _ B A

now whatever the arrangement is, E is at middle.

• Question 36 of 40 36. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Iqta System: 1. ‘Iqta’ is an Arabic word denoting a sort of administrative regional unit. 2. There was the uniformity in the administration of Iqtas. 3. It was based on hereditary which can be transferred to the eldest son of Iqtadar. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Answer: a ‘Iqta’ is an Arabic word denoting a sort of administrative regional unit. It is usually considered equivalent to a province. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Initially the Delhi Sultans had divided their empire into several ‘Iqtas’ or provinces or spheres of influence and put them under the charge of officers called ‘Iqtadars’ (governors). The number of Iqtas was not fixed. There was no uniformity in their administration. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. The Iqtadar did not always enjoy hereditary powers. The Sultan could take back Iqta from him whenever he pleased. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect. Incorrect Answer: a ‘Iqta’ is an Arabic word denoting a sort of administrative regional unit. It is usually considered equivalent to a province. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Initially the Delhi Sultans had divided their empire into several ‘Iqtas’ or provinces or spheres of influence and put them under the charge of officers called ‘Iqtadars’ (governors). The number of Iqtas was not fixed. There was no uniformity in their administration. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. The Iqtadar did not always enjoy hereditary powers. The Sultan could take back Iqta from him whenever he pleased. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

#### 36. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Iqta System: 1. ‘Iqta’ is an Arabic word denoting a sort of administrative regional unit. 2. There was the uniformity in the administration of Iqtas. 3. It was based on hereditary which can be transferred to the eldest son of Iqtadar.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

‘Iqta’ is an Arabic word denoting a sort of administrative regional unit. It is usually considered equivalent to a province.

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Initially the Delhi Sultans had divided their empire into several ‘Iqtas’ or provinces or spheres of influence and put them under the charge of officers called ‘Iqtadars’ (governors). The number of Iqtas was not fixed. There was no uniformity in their administration.

Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

The Iqtadar did not always enjoy hereditary powers. The Sultan could take back Iqta from him whenever he pleased.

Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

‘Iqta’ is an Arabic word denoting a sort of administrative regional unit. It is usually considered equivalent to a province.

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

The Iqtadar did not always enjoy hereditary powers. The Sultan could take back Iqta from him whenever he pleased.

Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

• Question 37 of 40 37. Question 1 points 2. Consider the following pairs: (Department)(Functions) 1. Diwan-i-QazaIn charge of charity 2. Diwan-i-BandaganIn charge of pensions 3. Diwan-i-inshaIn charge of agricultural activities How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Answer: d ▪ Diwan-i-Qaza was the head of the judicial department in the Delhi Sultanate. Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched. ▪ Diwan-i-Bandagan was a department for slaves created by Feroz Shah Tughlaq, a Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty. Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched. ▪ Diwan-i-Insha was the department of correspondence in the Delhi Sultanate. Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched. Incorrect Answer: d ▪ Diwan-i-Qaza was the head of the judicial department in the Delhi Sultanate. Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched. ▪ Diwan-i-Bandagan was a department for slaves created by Feroz Shah Tughlaq, a Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty. Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched. ▪ Diwan-i-Insha was the department of correspondence in the Delhi Sultanate. Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

#### 37. Question

1.Consider the following pairs:

(Department)(Functions) 1. Diwan-i-QazaIn charge of charity 2. Diwan-i-BandaganIn charge of pensions 3. Diwan-i-inshaIn charge of agricultural activities

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

▪ Diwan-i-Qaza was the head of the judicial department in the Delhi Sultanate.

Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched.

▪ Diwan-i-Bandagan was a department for slaves created by Feroz Shah Tughlaq, a Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty.

Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched.

▪ Diwan-i-Insha was the department of correspondence in the Delhi Sultanate.

Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

▪ Diwan-i-Qaza was the head of the judicial department in the Delhi Sultanate.

Hence, pair 1 is incorrectly matched.

▪ Diwan-i-Bandagan was a department for slaves created by Feroz Shah Tughlaq, a Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty.

Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched.

▪ Diwan-i-Insha was the department of correspondence in the Delhi Sultanate.

Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

• Question 38 of 40 38. Question 1 points Which one of the following rulers of Delhi Sultanate was famously known as Lakh Baksh? (a) Alauddin Khalji (b) Iltutmish (c) Qutub-ud-din Aibak (d) Ghiyas ud din Balban Correct Answer: c Qutub-ud-din Aibak was famous for charity. He gave large sums of money in charity, thus he earned the name Lakh Baksh or giver of lakhs. Hence, option (c) is correct. Incorrect Answer: c Qutub-ud-din Aibak was famous for charity. He gave large sums of money in charity, thus he earned the name Lakh Baksh or giver of lakhs. Hence, option (c) is correct.

#### 38. Question

Which one of the following rulers of Delhi Sultanate was famously known as Lakh Baksh?

• (a) Alauddin Khalji

• (b) Iltutmish

• (c) Qutub-ud-din Aibak

• (d) Ghiyas ud din Balban

Qutub-ud-din Aibak was famous for charity. He gave large sums of money in charity, thus he earned the name Lakh Baksh or giver of lakhs.

Hence, option (c) is correct.

Qutub-ud-din Aibak was famous for charity. He gave large sums of money in charity, thus he earned the name Lakh Baksh or giver of lakhs.

Hence, option (c) is correct.

• Question 39 of 40 39. Question 1 points With reference to the market reforms of Alauddin Khilji, consider the following statements: 1. Alauddin set up three markets at Delhi, first for food-grains, the second for cloth and expensive items and the third for horses, slaves and cattle. 2. Zawabit were framed for the control and administration for all these markets. 3. A controller of market (shahna -i-mandi), intelligence officers (barids) and secret spies (munhiyan) were appointed. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Answer: c According to Barani, Alauddin set up three markets at Delhi, first for food-grains, the second for cloth and expensive items such as sugar, ghee, oil, dry fruits etc., and the third for horses, slaves and cattle. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Detailed regulations (zawabit) were framed for the control and administration for all these markets. Hence, statement 2 is correct. He issued a set of seven regulations which came to be known as market control measures. These measures were enacted to regulate the activities of the traders who brought grain to Delhi. The Sultan fixed the prices of all commodities from grain to cloths, slaves, cattle, etc. A controller of market (shahna -i-mandi) intelligence officers (barids) and secret spies (munhiyan) were appointed. The grain merchants were placed under the Shahna-i-mandi. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Incorrect Answer: c According to Barani, Alauddin set up three markets at Delhi, first for food-grains, the second for cloth and expensive items such as sugar, ghee, oil, dry fruits etc., and the third for horses, slaves and cattle. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Detailed regulations (zawabit) were framed for the control and administration for all these markets. Hence, statement 2 is correct. He issued a set of seven regulations which came to be known as market control measures. These measures were enacted to regulate the activities of the traders who brought grain to Delhi. The Sultan fixed the prices of all commodities from grain to cloths, slaves, cattle, etc. A controller of market (shahna -i-mandi) intelligence officers (barids) and secret spies (munhiyan) were appointed. The grain merchants were placed under the Shahna-i-mandi. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

#### 39. Question

With reference to the market reforms of Alauddin Khilji, consider the following statements: 1. Alauddin set up three markets at Delhi, first for food-grains, the second for cloth and expensive items and the third for horses, slaves and cattle. 2. Zawabit were framed for the control and administration for all these markets. 3. A controller of market (shahna -i-mandi), intelligence officers (barids) and secret spies (munhiyan) were appointed.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

According to Barani, Alauddin set up three markets at Delhi, first for food-grains, the second for cloth and expensive items such as sugar, ghee, oil, dry fruits etc., and the third for horses, slaves and cattle.

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Detailed regulations (zawabit) were framed for the control and administration for all these markets.

Hence, statement 2 is correct.

He issued a set of seven regulations which came to be known as market control measures. These measures were enacted to regulate the activities of the traders who brought grain to Delhi. The Sultan fixed the prices of all commodities from grain to cloths, slaves, cattle, etc. A controller of market (shahna -i-mandi) intelligence officers (barids) and secret spies (munhiyan) were appointed. The grain merchants were placed under the Shahna-i-mandi.

Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Detailed regulations (zawabit) were framed for the control and administration for all these markets.

Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Hence, statement 3 is correct.

• Question 40 of 40 40. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Chola Empire: 1. There was elaborate administrative machinery comprising various officials called perundanam and sirudanam. 3. The main items of government expenditure were the king and his court, army and navy, roads, irrigation tanks and canals. How many of the above statements are incorrect? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Answer: d Central Government during Chola Rule The Cholas had an excellent system of administration. The emperor or king was at the top of the administration. The extent and resources of the Chola Empire increased the power and prestige of monarchy. The big capital cities like Tanjore and Gangaikondacholapuram, the large royal courts and extensive grants to the temples reveal the authority of the king. They undertook royal tours to increase the efficiency of the administration. There was elaborate administrative machinery comprising various officials called perundanam and sirudanam. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Revenue The land revenue department was well organized. It was called as puravuvarithinaikkalam. All lands were carefully surveyed and classified for assessment of revenue. Hence, statement 2 is correct. The main items of government expenditure were the king and his court, army and navy, roads, irrigation tanks and canals. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Incorrect Answer: d Central Government during Chola Rule The Cholas had an excellent system of administration. The emperor or king was at the top of the administration. The extent and resources of the Chola Empire increased the power and prestige of monarchy. The big capital cities like Tanjore and Gangaikondacholapuram, the large royal courts and extensive grants to the temples reveal the authority of the king. They undertook royal tours to increase the efficiency of the administration. There was elaborate administrative machinery comprising various officials called perundanam and sirudanam. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Revenue The land revenue department was well organized. It was called as puravuvarithinaikkalam. All lands were carefully surveyed and classified for assessment of revenue. Hence, statement 2 is correct. The main items of government expenditure were the king and his court, army and navy, roads, irrigation tanks and canals. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

#### 40. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Chola Empire: 1. There was elaborate administrative machinery comprising various officials called perundanam and sirudanam.

1.The main items of government expenditure were the king and his court, army and navy, roads, irrigation tanks and canals.

How many of the above statements are incorrect?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Central Government during Chola Rule

The Cholas had an excellent system of administration. The emperor or king was at the top of the administration. The extent and resources of the Chola Empire increased the power and prestige of monarchy. The big capital cities like Tanjore and Gangaikondacholapuram, the large royal courts and extensive grants to the temples reveal the authority of the king. They undertook royal tours to increase the efficiency of the administration. There was elaborate administrative machinery comprising various officials called perundanam and sirudanam.

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The land revenue department was well organized. It was called as puravuvarithinaikkalam. All lands were carefully surveyed and classified for assessment of revenue.

Hence, statement 2 is correct.

The main items of government expenditure were the king and his court, army and navy, roads, irrigation tanks and canals.

Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Central Government during Chola Rule

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The land revenue department was well organized. It was called as puravuvarithinaikkalam. All lands were carefully surveyed and classified for assessment of revenue.

Hence, statement 2 is correct.

The main items of government expenditure were the king and his court, army and navy, roads, irrigation tanks and canals.