DAY – 25 : Insta 75 Days Revision Plan-2025 : AGRICULTURE

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• Question 1 of 30 1. Question 1 points Which of the following statements best describes the primary objective of the Indian Seeds Programme? (a) To promote the export of Indian seeds to international markets. (b) To ensure the production and distribution of high-yielding certified/quality seeds to farmers. (c) To regulate the pricing of all types of seeds in the Indian market. (d) To provide financial assistance to seed manufacturing companies. Correct Solution: B The Indian Seeds Programme, implemented by the Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, primarily aims to ensure the production and multiplication of high-yielding certified/quality seeds of all crops in sufficient quantities and make them available to farmers across the country at affordable prices and on time. Incorrect Solution: B The Indian Seeds Programme, implemented by the Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, primarily aims to ensure the production and multiplication of high-yielding certified/quality seeds of all crops in sufficient quantities and make them available to farmers across the country at affordable prices and on time.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following statements best describes the primary objective of the Indian Seeds Programme?

• (a) To promote the export of Indian seeds to international markets.

• (b) To ensure the production and distribution of high-yielding certified/quality seeds to farmers.

• (c) To regulate the pricing of all types of seeds in the Indian market.

• (d) To provide financial assistance to seed manufacturing companies.

Solution: B

The Indian Seeds Programme, implemented by the Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, primarily aims to ensure the production and multiplication of high-yielding certified/quality seeds of all crops in sufficient quantities and make them available to farmers across the country at affordable prices and on time.

Solution: B

• Question 2 of 30 2. Question 1 points The “three generations of seeds” recognized by the Indian Seeds Programme are: (a) Hybrid, composite, and genetically modified seeds. (b) Breeder, foundation, and certified seeds. (c) Kharif, rabi, and zaid seeds. (d) Public sector, private sector, and farmer-saved seeds. Correct Solution: B The Indian Seeds Programme recognizes three generations of seeds: breeder, foundation, and certified seeds. Breeder Seed: This is the seed produced by research institutions and is the source of genetic purity for subsequent generations. Foundation Seed: This seed is produced from breeder seed and serves as a base for producing certified seeds. Certified Seed: This is the seed that is produced from foundation seed and is intended for commercial distribution to farmers. Incorrect Solution: B The Indian Seeds Programme recognizes three generations of seeds: breeder, foundation, and certified seeds. Breeder Seed: This is the seed produced by research institutions and is the source of genetic purity for subsequent generations. Foundation Seed: This seed is produced from breeder seed and serves as a base for producing certified seeds. Certified Seed: This is the seed that is produced from foundation seed and is intended for commercial distribution to farmers.

#### 2. Question

The “three generations of seeds” recognized by the Indian Seeds Programme are:

• (a) Hybrid, composite, and genetically modified seeds.

• (b) Breeder, foundation, and certified seeds.

• (c) Kharif, rabi, and zaid seeds.

• (d) Public sector, private sector, and farmer-saved seeds.

Solution: B

The Indian Seeds Programme recognizes three generations of seeds: breeder, foundation, and certified seeds.

• Breeder Seed:

This is the seed produced by research institutions and is the source of genetic purity for subsequent generations.

• Foundation Seed:

This seed is produced from breeder seed and serves as a base for producing certified seeds.

• Certified Seed:

This is the seed that is produced from foundation seed and is intended for commercial distribution to farmers.

Solution: B

The Indian Seeds Programme recognizes three generations of seeds: breeder, foundation, and certified seeds.

• Breeder Seed:

This is the seed produced by research institutions and is the source of genetic purity for subsequent generations.

• Foundation Seed:

This seed is produced from breeder seed and serves as a base for producing certified seeds.

• Certified Seed:

This is the seed that is produced from foundation seed and is intended for commercial distribution to farmers.

• Question 3 of 30 3. Question 1 points Which of the following statements best describes the core objective of the PM-PRANAM scheme? (a) To provide financial assistance to farmers for adopting organic farming practices. (b) To promote the use of chemical fertilizers for enhancing agricultural productivity. (c) To reduce the dependence on synthetic fertilizers by incentivizing the adoption of organic and natural farming. (d) To improve irrigation efficiency in agricultural lands across India. Correct Solution: C The PM-PRANAM (PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother Earth) scheme, announced in the 2023-24 Union Budget, aims to promote sustainable and balanced fertilizer use by incentivizing states to adopt alternative fertilizers and reduce chemical fertilizer consumption. Incorrect Solution: C The PM-PRANAM (PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother Earth) scheme, announced in the 2023-24 Union Budget, aims to promote sustainable and balanced fertilizer use by incentivizing states to adopt alternative fertilizers and reduce chemical fertilizer consumption.

#### 3. Question

Which of the following statements best describes the core objective of the PM-PRANAM scheme?

• (a) To provide financial assistance to farmers for adopting organic farming practices.

• (b) To promote the use of chemical fertilizers for enhancing agricultural productivity.

• (c) To reduce the dependence on synthetic fertilizers by incentivizing the adoption of organic and natural farming.

• (d) To improve irrigation efficiency in agricultural lands across India.

Solution: C

The PM-PRANAM (PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother Earth) scheme, announced in the 2023-24 Union Budget, aims to promote sustainable and balanced fertilizer use by incentivizing states to adopt alternative fertilizers and reduce chemical fertilizer consumption.

Solution: C

• Question 4 of 30 4. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding ‘precision agriculture’: It involves the use of technologies like GPS and GIS for site-specific crop management. It aims to optimize the use of resources such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides. It is primarily suitable for large-scale farming operations and not economically viable for small farmers. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 Only (b) 2 and 3 Only (c) 1 and 3 Only (d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: A Precision agriculture is an advanced farming management approach that uses information technology to ensure crops and soil receive exactly what they need for optimum health and productivity. Statement 1 is correct: Precision agriculture fundamentally relies on technologies such as GPS (Global Positioning System) and GIS (Geographic Information Systems) for site-specific crop management. These technologies enable farmers to precisely map their fields, track variability in soil conditions, and apply inputs at variable rates according to specific field conditions. Statement 2 is correct: A primary goal of precision agriculture is to optimize resource use efficiency. By applying water, fertilizers, pesticides, and other inputs only where and when needed, precision agriculture significantly reduces waste and environmental impact while maximizing crop yields. Statement 3 is incorrect: While precision agriculture initially required substantial investment that favored larger operations, technological advancements have increasingly made these approaches accessible to smaller farmers as well. Modern solutions include smartphone applications, affordable sensors, and service-based models that allow small-scale farmers to benefit from precision agriculture techniques without major capital investment. Incorrect Solution: A Precision agriculture is an advanced farming management approach that uses information technology to ensure crops and soil receive exactly what they need for optimum health and productivity. Statement 1 is correct: Precision agriculture fundamentally relies on technologies such as GPS (Global Positioning System) and GIS (Geographic Information Systems) for site-specific crop management. These technologies enable farmers to precisely map their fields, track variability in soil conditions, and apply inputs at variable rates according to specific field conditions. Statement 2 is correct: A primary goal of precision agriculture is to optimize resource use efficiency. By applying water, fertilizers, pesticides, and other inputs only where and when needed, precision agriculture significantly reduces waste and environmental impact while maximizing crop yields. Statement 3 is incorrect: While precision agriculture initially required substantial investment that favored larger operations, technological advancements have increasingly made these approaches accessible to smaller farmers as well. Modern solutions include smartphone applications, affordable sensors, and service-based models that allow small-scale farmers to benefit from precision agriculture techniques without major capital investment.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding ‘precision agriculture’:

• It involves the use of technologies like GPS and GIS for site-specific crop management.

• It aims to optimize the use of resources such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides.

• It is primarily suitable for large-scale farming operations and not economically viable for small farmers.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 Only

• (b) 2 and 3 Only

• (c) 1 and 3 Only

• (d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: A

Precision agriculture is an advanced farming management approach that uses information technology to ensure crops and soil receive exactly what they need for optimum health and productivity.

Statement 1 is correct: Precision agriculture fundamentally relies on technologies such as GPS (Global Positioning System) and GIS (Geographic Information Systems) for site-specific crop management. These technologies enable farmers to precisely map their fields, track variability in soil conditions, and apply inputs at variable rates according to specific field conditions.

Statement 2 is correct: A primary goal of precision agriculture is to optimize resource use efficiency. By applying water, fertilizers, pesticides, and other inputs only where and when needed, precision agriculture significantly reduces waste and environmental impact while maximizing crop yields.

Statement 3 is incorrect: While precision agriculture initially required substantial investment that favored larger operations, technological advancements have increasingly made these approaches accessible to smaller farmers as well. Modern solutions include smartphone applications, affordable sensors, and service-based models that allow small-scale farmers to benefit from precision agriculture techniques without major capital investment.

Solution: A

Precision agriculture is an advanced farming management approach that uses information technology to ensure crops and soil receive exactly what they need for optimum health and productivity.

• Question 5 of 30 5. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the ‘National Agriculture Market’ (e-NAM): It is a physical marketplace established in each district to facilitate the trading of agricultural produce. It operates as a pan-India electronic trading portal. It aims to provide farmers with better price realization through transparent online bidding. How many of the statements given above are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B The National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) is a digital initiative launched by the Government of India to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities. Statement 1 is incorrect: e-NAM is not a physical marketplace established in each district. Rather, it’s an electronic platform that integrates existing Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs) or mandis through a virtual network. It doesn’t create new physical markets but connects existing ones digitally. Statement 2 is correct: e-NAM operates as a pan-India electronic trading portal connecting existing mandis across different states. It creates a unified national market for agricultural commodities by networking existing markets. Statement 3 is correct: A key objective of e-NAM is to provide farmers with better price realization through transparent price discovery. The online bidding system helps eliminate information asymmetry and middlemen, allowing farmers to sell their produce to the highest bidder across the country. Incorrect Solution: B The National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) is a digital initiative launched by the Government of India to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities. Statement 1 is incorrect: e-NAM is not a physical marketplace established in each district. Rather, it’s an electronic platform that integrates existing Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs) or mandis through a virtual network. It doesn’t create new physical markets but connects existing ones digitally. Statement 2 is correct: e-NAM operates as a pan-India electronic trading portal connecting existing mandis across different states. It creates a unified national market for agricultural commodities by networking existing markets. Statement 3 is correct: A key objective of e-NAM is to provide farmers with better price realization through transparent price discovery. The online bidding system helps eliminate information asymmetry and middlemen, allowing farmers to sell their produce to the highest bidder across the country.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the ‘National Agriculture Market’ (e-NAM):

• It is a physical marketplace established in each district to facilitate the trading of agricultural produce.

• It operates as a pan-India electronic trading portal.

• It aims to provide farmers with better price realization through transparent online bidding.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: B

The National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) is a digital initiative launched by the Government of India to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities.

Statement 1 is incorrect: e-NAM is not a physical marketplace established in each district. Rather, it’s an electronic platform that integrates existing Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs) or mandis through a virtual network. It doesn’t create new physical markets but connects existing ones digitally.

Statement 2 is correct: e-NAM operates as a pan-India electronic trading portal connecting existing mandis across different states. It creates a unified national market for agricultural commodities by networking existing markets.

Statement 3 is correct: A key objective of e-NAM is to provide farmers with better price realization through transparent price discovery. The online bidding system helps eliminate information asymmetry and middlemen, allowing farmers to sell their produce to the highest bidder across the country.

Solution: B

The National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) is a digital initiative launched by the Government of India to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities.

• Question 6 of 30 6. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding the Minimum Support Price (MSP) in India: It is announced by the government before the sowing season for select crops. It is legally binding for all agricultural produce sold in the market. The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) recommends the MSP. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: C Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to ensure agricultural producers are protected against sharp price falls. Statement 1 is correct: The government announces MSP before the sowing season for select crops to give farmers a guaranteed floor price. This advance announcement helps farmers make informed decisions about which crops to grow based on assured minimum returns. Statement 2 is incorrect: MSP is not legally binding for all agricultural produce sold in the market. It’s a guaranteed price at which government agencies purchase produce, but private traders are not obligated to buy at MSP. The government only ensures MSP through its procurement agencies like the Food Corporation of India (FCI) and only for certain quantities. Statement 3 is correct: The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), an attached office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, recommends MSPs to the government. The CACP considers various factors including cost of production, demand-supply dynamics, and international market prices before making its recommendations, after which the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs makes the final decision. Incorrect Solution: C Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to ensure agricultural producers are protected against sharp price falls. Statement 1 is correct: The government announces MSP before the sowing season for select crops to give farmers a guaranteed floor price. This advance announcement helps farmers make informed decisions about which crops to grow based on assured minimum returns. Statement 2 is incorrect: MSP is not legally binding for all agricultural produce sold in the market. It’s a guaranteed price at which government agencies purchase produce, but private traders are not obligated to buy at MSP. The government only ensures MSP through its procurement agencies like the Food Corporation of India (FCI) and only for certain quantities. Statement 3 is correct: The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), an attached office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, recommends MSPs to the government. The CACP considers various factors including cost of production, demand-supply dynamics, and international market prices before making its recommendations, after which the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs makes the final decision.

#### 6. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Minimum Support Price (MSP) in India:

• It is announced by the government before the sowing season for select crops.

• It is legally binding for all agricultural produce sold in the market.

• The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) recommends the MSP.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 2 and 3 only

• (c) 1 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: C

Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to ensure agricultural producers are protected against sharp price falls.

Statement 1 is correct: The government announces MSP before the sowing season for select crops to give farmers a guaranteed floor price. This advance announcement helps farmers make informed decisions about which crops to grow based on assured minimum returns.

Statement 2 is incorrect: MSP is not legally binding for all agricultural produce sold in the market. It’s a guaranteed price at which government agencies purchase produce, but private traders are not obligated to buy at MSP. The government only ensures MSP through its procurement agencies like the Food Corporation of India (FCI) and only for certain quantities.

Statement 3 is correct: The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), an attached office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, recommends MSPs to the government. The CACP considers various factors including cost of production, demand-supply dynamics, and international market prices before making its recommendations, after which the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs makes the final decision.

Solution: C

Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to ensure agricultural producers are protected against sharp price falls.

• Question 7 of 30 7. Question 1 points Which of the following soilless farming techniques involves suspending plant roots in the air and misting them with a nutrient-rich solution? (a) Hydroponics (b) Aquaponics (c) Aeroponics (d) Vertical stacking Correct Solution: C Aeroponics is a specialized soilless cultivation method that suspends plant roots in an air or mist environment instead of submerging them in water or planting them in soil. In aeroponic systems, the plant roots hang freely in an enclosed chamber while being periodically sprayed with a nutrient-rich water solution in atomized form. This innovative approach provides several advantages: Increased oxygen levels to the root zone Enhanced nutrient absorption Reduced risk of soil-borne diseases More efficient water usage Faster growth rates compared to conventional growing methods1 Unlike hydroponics (which submerges roots in water) or aquaponics (which combines fish and plant production), aeroponics keeps roots suspended in air, receiving nutrients through fine misting Incorrect Solution: C Aeroponics is a specialized soilless cultivation method that suspends plant roots in an air or mist environment instead of submerging them in water or planting them in soil. In aeroponic systems, the plant roots hang freely in an enclosed chamber while being periodically sprayed with a nutrient-rich water solution in atomized form. This innovative approach provides several advantages: Increased oxygen levels to the root zone Enhanced nutrient absorption Reduced risk of soil-borne diseases More efficient water usage Faster growth rates compared to conventional growing methods1 Unlike hydroponics (which submerges roots in water) or aquaponics (which combines fish and plant production), aeroponics keeps roots suspended in air, receiving nutrients through fine misting

#### 7. Question

Which of the following soilless farming techniques involves suspending plant roots in the air and misting them with a nutrient-rich solution?

• (a) Hydroponics

• (b) Aquaponics

• (c) Aeroponics

• (d) Vertical stacking

Solution: C

Aeroponics is a specialized soilless cultivation method that suspends plant roots in an air or mist environment instead of submerging them in water or planting them in soil. In aeroponic systems, the plant roots hang freely in an enclosed chamber while being periodically sprayed with a nutrient-rich water solution in atomized form.

This innovative approach provides several advantages:

• Increased oxygen levels to the root zone

• Enhanced nutrient absorption

• Reduced risk of soil-borne diseases

• More efficient water usage

• Faster growth rates compared to conventional growing methods1

Unlike hydroponics (which submerges roots in water) or aquaponics (which combines fish and plant production), aeroponics keeps roots suspended in air, receiving nutrients through fine misting

Solution: C

This innovative approach provides several advantages:

• Increased oxygen levels to the root zone

• Enhanced nutrient absorption

• Reduced risk of soil-borne diseases

• More efficient water usage

• Faster growth rates compared to conventional growing methods1

Unlike hydroponics (which submerges roots in water) or aquaponics (which combines fish and plant production), aeroponics keeps roots suspended in air, receiving nutrients through fine misting

• Question 8 of 30 8. Question 1 points Consider the following agricultural practices: Crop rotation Monoculture Zero tillage Intensive irrigation Which of the above practices are generally considered eco-friendly? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 4 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 3 and 4 only Correct Solution: C Crop rotation – This sustainable practice involves growing different crops in sequence on the same land. It helps break pest cycles, enhances soil fertility, improves moisture retention, and contributes to overall soil health. For example, planting nitrogen-fixing legumes after growing nutrient-demanding crops like corn helps restore soil balance Monoculture – This practice of growing a single crop over large areas is not considered eco-friendly as it reduces biodiversity and increases vulnerability to pests and diseases. Crop genetic diversity is specifically used to counter the risks associated with monoculture systems Zero tillage/No-till farming – This sustainable approach involves planting crops without disturbing the soil through tilling. It preserves soil structure, reduces erosion, maintains organic matter, and enhances soil quality. The practice leaves previous crop residues untouched, fostering natural decomposition Intensive irrigation – This practice typically leads to excessive water usage, soil salinization, and depletion of water resources, making it environmentally unsustainable. Incorrect Solution: C Crop rotation – This sustainable practice involves growing different crops in sequence on the same land. It helps break pest cycles, enhances soil fertility, improves moisture retention, and contributes to overall soil health. For example, planting nitrogen-fixing legumes after growing nutrient-demanding crops like corn helps restore soil balance Monoculture – This practice of growing a single crop over large areas is not considered eco-friendly as it reduces biodiversity and increases vulnerability to pests and diseases. Crop genetic diversity is specifically used to counter the risks associated with monoculture systems Zero tillage/No-till farming – This sustainable approach involves planting crops without disturbing the soil through tilling. It preserves soil structure, reduces erosion, maintains organic matter, and enhances soil quality. The practice leaves previous crop residues untouched, fostering natural decomposition Intensive irrigation – This practice typically leads to excessive water usage, soil salinization, and depletion of water resources, making it environmentally unsustainable.

#### 8. Question

Consider the following agricultural practices:

• Crop rotation

• Monoculture

• Zero tillage

• Intensive irrigation

Which of the above practices are generally considered eco-friendly?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 2 and 4 only

• (c) 1 and 3 only

• (d) 3 and 4 only

Solution: C

• Crop rotation – This sustainable practice involves growing different crops in sequence on the same land. It helps break pest cycles, enhances soil fertility, improves moisture retention, and contributes to overall soil health. For example, planting nitrogen-fixing legumes after growing nutrient-demanding crops like corn helps restore soil balance

• Monoculture – This practice of growing a single crop over large areas is not considered eco-friendly as it reduces biodiversity and increases vulnerability to pests and diseases. Crop genetic diversity is specifically used to counter the risks associated with monoculture systems

• Zero tillage/No-till farming – This sustainable approach involves planting crops without disturbing the soil through tilling. It preserves soil structure, reduces erosion, maintains organic matter, and enhances soil quality. The practice leaves previous crop residues untouched, fostering natural decomposition

• Intensive irrigation – This practice typically leads to excessive water usage, soil salinization, and depletion of water resources, making it environmentally unsustainable.

Solution: C

• Intensive irrigation – This practice typically leads to excessive water usage, soil salinization, and depletion of water resources, making it environmentally unsustainable.

• Question 9 of 30 9. Question 1 points The ‘Namo Drone Didi’ scheme, recently in the news, is primarily focused on: (a) Providing financial assistance to women farmers for purchasing agricultural land. (b) Equipping women self-help groups with agricultural drones and training for their operation. (c) Promoting women's participation in agricultural research and development. (d) Providing skill development training to rural women in food processing industries. Correct Solution: B The Namo Drone Didi Scheme (also known as Namo Didi Drone Scheme) is a transformative initiative by the Indian government designed to economically empower rural women by integrating advanced drone technology into agriculture. Key features of the scheme include: Beneficiaries: Approximately 14,000-15,000 women Self-Help Groups (SHGs) during fiscal years 2024-25 and 2025-26 Financial support: Each SHG receives a total funding package of ₹10 lakh, which includes ₹8 lakh for purchasing drones and an additional ₹2 lakh as a loan for supplementary requirements Training component: Participants undergo a comprehensive 15-day training program focusing on drone operation, maintenance, repair techniques, and data analysis Income generation: Women trained under the program can earn up to ₹15,000 monthly by providing drone-based agricultural services like spraying fertilizers and pesticides Incorrect Solution: B The Namo Drone Didi Scheme (also known as Namo Didi Drone Scheme) is a transformative initiative by the Indian government designed to economically empower rural women by integrating advanced drone technology into agriculture. Key features of the scheme include: Beneficiaries: Approximately 14,000-15,000 women Self-Help Groups (SHGs) during fiscal years 2024-25 and 2025-26 Financial support: Each SHG receives a total funding package of ₹10 lakh, which includes ₹8 lakh for purchasing drones and an additional ₹2 lakh as a loan for supplementary requirements Training component: Participants undergo a comprehensive 15-day training program focusing on drone operation, maintenance, repair techniques, and data analysis Income generation: Women trained under the program can earn up to ₹15,000 monthly by providing drone-based agricultural services like spraying fertilizers and pesticides

#### 9. Question

The ‘Namo Drone Didi’ scheme, recently in the news, is primarily focused on:

• (a) Providing financial assistance to women farmers for purchasing agricultural land.

• (b) Equipping women self-help groups with agricultural drones and training for their operation.

• (c) Promoting women's participation in agricultural research and development.

• (d) Providing skill development training to rural women in food processing industries.

Solution: B

The Namo Drone Didi Scheme (also known as Namo Didi Drone Scheme) is a transformative initiative by the Indian government designed to economically empower rural women by integrating advanced drone technology into agriculture. Key features of the scheme include:

• Beneficiaries: Approximately 14,000-15,000 women Self-Help Groups (SHGs) during fiscal years 2024-25 and 2025-26

• Financial support: Each SHG receives a total funding package of ₹10 lakh, which includes ₹8 lakh for purchasing drones and an additional ₹2 lakh as a loan for supplementary requirements

• Training component: Participants undergo a comprehensive 15-day training program focusing on drone operation, maintenance, repair techniques, and data analysis

• Income generation: Women trained under the program can earn up to ₹15,000 monthly by providing drone-based agricultural services like spraying fertilizers and pesticides

Solution: B

• Beneficiaries: Approximately 14,000-15,000 women Self-Help Groups (SHGs) during fiscal years 2024-25 and 2025-26

• Financial support: Each SHG receives a total funding package of ₹10 lakh, which includes ₹8 lakh for purchasing drones and an additional ₹2 lakh as a loan for supplementary requirements

• Training component: Participants undergo a comprehensive 15-day training program focusing on drone operation, maintenance, repair techniques, and data analysis

• Income generation: Women trained under the program can earn up to ₹15,000 monthly by providing drone-based agricultural services like spraying fertilizers and pesticides

• Question 10 of 30 10. Question 1 points Consider the following government initiatives in the agriculture sector: The Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) aims to enhance post-harvest management infrastructure and community farming assets by providing financial support. The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme has seen a reduction in its annual financial support to farmers in last five years. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: A The AIF was launched in July 2020 to mobilize medium to long-term debt financing for post-harvest management infrastructure and community farming assets. The scheme has crossed the ₹30,000 crore mark in capital mobilization and provides 3% interest subvention on loans to create infrastructure like primary processing centers, storage facilities, and supply chain services Hence, statement 1 is correct. The PM-KISAN scheme, launched in February 2019, has consistently provided financial assistance of ₹6,000 annually to eligible farmers, disbursed in three equal installments of ₹2,000 each. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. Incorrect Solution: A The AIF was launched in July 2020 to mobilize medium to long-term debt financing for post-harvest management infrastructure and community farming assets. The scheme has crossed the ₹30,000 crore mark in capital mobilization and provides 3% interest subvention on loans to create infrastructure like primary processing centers, storage facilities, and supply chain services Hence, statement 1 is correct. The PM-KISAN scheme, launched in February 2019, has consistently provided financial assistance of ₹6,000 annually to eligible farmers, disbursed in three equal installments of ₹2,000 each. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

#### 10. Question

Consider the following government initiatives in the agriculture sector:

• The Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) aims to enhance post-harvest management infrastructure and community farming assets by providing financial support.

• The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme has seen a reduction in its annual financial support to farmers in last five years.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: A

The AIF was launched in July 2020 to mobilize medium to long-term debt financing for post-harvest management infrastructure and community farming assets. The scheme has crossed the ₹30,000 crore mark in capital mobilization and provides 3% interest subvention on loans to create infrastructure like primary processing centers, storage facilities, and supply chain services

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The PM-KISAN scheme, launched in February 2019, has consistently provided financial assistance of ₹6,000 annually to eligible farmers, disbursed in three equal installments of ₹2,000 each.

Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Solution: A

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The PM-KISAN scheme, launched in February 2019, has consistently provided financial assistance of ₹6,000 annually to eligible farmers, disbursed in three equal installments of ₹2,000 each.

Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

• Question 11 of 30 11. Question 1 points Consider the following statements: The World Resources Group was launched at the World Economic Forum annual meeting to help reduce gap between water demand and supply by 2030. WRG is a trust fund administered by the World Bank. WRG is a key partner and facilitator in initiatives like the Low Methane Rice Project. How many of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: C The 2030 Water Resources Group was launched at the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2008 in Davos, Switzerland to help reduce the gab between global water demand and supply by 2030. It is a multi-donor trust fund Minister by the World Bank Global Department for Water and funded by partner contributions. WRG advances global water security through public-private collaboration It works with governments, businesses and civil society to develop sustainable solutions across three areas: water for food, water for cities and water for planet. Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct The Low Methane Rice project is an initiative of the World Bank’s Water Resources Group. Recently KisanKraft Limited, an agricultural firm based in Bengaluru, India, has joined the project to promote direct seeded rice in Uttar Pradesh. Hence statement 3 is correct Incorrect Solution: C The 2030 Water Resources Group was launched at the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2008 in Davos, Switzerland to help reduce the gab between global water demand and supply by 2030. It is a multi-donor trust fund Minister by the World Bank Global Department for Water and funded by partner contributions. WRG advances global water security through public-private collaboration It works with governments, businesses and civil society to develop sustainable solutions across three areas: water for food, water for cities and water for planet. Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct The Low Methane Rice project is an initiative of the World Bank’s Water Resources Group. Recently KisanKraft Limited, an agricultural firm based in Bengaluru, India, has joined the project to promote direct seeded rice in Uttar Pradesh. Hence statement 3 is correct

#### 11. Question

Consider the following statements:

• The World Resources Group was launched at the World Economic Forum annual meeting to help reduce gap between water demand and supply by 2030.

• WRG is a trust fund administered by the World Bank.

• WRG is a key partner and facilitator in initiatives like the Low Methane Rice Project.

How many of the statements given above is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: C

• The 2030 Water Resources Group was launched at the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2008 in Davos, Switzerland to help reduce the gab between global water demand and supply by 2030.

• It is a multi-donor trust fund Minister by the World Bank Global Department for Water and funded by partner contributions.

• WRG advances global water security through public-private collaboration

• It works with governments, businesses and civil society to develop sustainable solutions across three areas: water for food, water for cities and water for planet.

Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct

• The Low Methane Rice project is an initiative of the World Bank’s Water Resources Group.

• Recently KisanKraft Limited, an agricultural firm based in Bengaluru, India, has joined the project to promote direct seeded rice in Uttar Pradesh.

Hence statement 3 is correct

Solution: C

• The 2030 Water Resources Group was launched at the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2008 in Davos, Switzerland to help reduce the gab between global water demand and supply by 2030.

• It is a multi-donor trust fund Minister by the World Bank Global Department for Water and funded by partner contributions.

• WRG advances global water security through public-private collaboration

• It works with governments, businesses and civil society to develop sustainable solutions across three areas: water for food, water for cities and water for planet.

Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct

• The Low Methane Rice project is an initiative of the World Bank’s Water Resources Group.

• Recently KisanKraft Limited, an agricultural firm based in Bengaluru, India, has joined the project to promote direct seeded rice in Uttar Pradesh.

Hence statement 3 is correct

• Question 12 of 30 12. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding Agriculture and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA): It is responsible for export promotion of Floriculture and confectionery products. It functions as the Secretariat to the National Accreditation Board for implementation of accreditation of certification bodies under National Programme for Organic Production. Export of sugar and basmati rice is not included within the authority of APEDA. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 3 only Correct Solution: A APEDA was established under the Agriculture and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority act 1985. It is headquartered in New Delhi and his headed by a chairman. It serves as the export promotion and development of Scheduled products including: Fruits, vegetables Meat and meat products Poultry products Dairy products Confectionery and bakery products. Sugar product Cocoa products Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages Cereals Nuts Floriculture and related products Herbal and medicinal products and others. Hence statement 1 is correct APEDA also functions as the secretariat to the National Accreditation Board for the implementation of affiliation of certificate bodies under the National Programme for Organic production for Organic Exports. Hence statement 2 is correct Basmati rice has been included in the second schedule of the APEDA act In addition, it is also invested with the responsibility to monitor import of sugar. Hence statement 3 is incorrect Incorrect Solution: A APEDA was established under the Agriculture and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority act 1985. It is headquartered in New Delhi and his headed by a chairman. It serves as the export promotion and development of Scheduled products including: Fruits, vegetables Meat and meat products Poultry products Dairy products Confectionery and bakery products. Sugar product Cocoa products Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages Cereals Nuts Floriculture and related products Herbal and medicinal products and others. Hence statement 1 is correct APEDA also functions as the secretariat to the National Accreditation Board for the implementation of affiliation of certificate bodies under the National Programme for Organic production for Organic Exports. Hence statement 2 is correct Basmati rice has been included in the second schedule of the APEDA act In addition, it is also invested with the responsibility to monitor import of sugar. Hence statement 3 is incorrect

#### 12. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Agriculture and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA):

• It is responsible for export promotion of Floriculture and confectionery products.

• It functions as the Secretariat to the National Accreditation Board for implementation of accreditation of certification bodies under National Programme for Organic Production.

• Export of sugar and basmati rice is not included within the authority of APEDA.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) 1, 2 and 3

• (d) 3 only

Solution: A

• APEDA was established under the Agriculture and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority act 1985. It is headquartered in New Delhi and his headed by a chairman. It serves as the export promotion and development of Scheduled products including: Fruits, vegetables Meat and meat products Poultry products Dairy products Confectionery and bakery products. Sugar product Cocoa products Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages Cereals Nuts Floriculture and related products Herbal and medicinal products and others.

• Fruits, vegetables

• Meat and meat products

• Poultry products

• Dairy products

• Confectionery and bakery products.

• Sugar product

• Cocoa products

• Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages

• Floriculture and related products

• Herbal and medicinal products and others.

Hence statement 1 is correct

• APEDA also functions as the secretariat to the National Accreditation Board for the implementation of affiliation of certificate bodies under the National Programme for Organic production for Organic Exports.

Hence statement 2 is correct

• Basmati rice has been included in the second schedule of the APEDA act

• In addition, it is also invested with the responsibility to monitor import of sugar.

Hence statement 3 is incorrect

Solution: A

• Fruits, vegetables

• Meat and meat products

• Poultry products

• Dairy products

• Confectionery and bakery products.

• Sugar product

• Cocoa products

• Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages

• Floriculture and related products

• Herbal and medicinal products and others.

Hence statement 1 is correct

Hence statement 2 is correct

• Basmati rice has been included in the second schedule of the APEDA act

• In addition, it is also invested with the responsibility to monitor import of sugar.

Hence statement 3 is incorrect

• Question 13 of 30 13. Question 1 points With reference to Operation Greens, consider the following statements: It has been launched under Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana to enhance farmers income through targeted interventions. It operates under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare. It promotes Farmer Producer Organisations. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 2 only Correct Solution: A Operation Greens was launched in the Union Budget 2018-19 with an outlay of 500 crore to promote Farmer Producer Organisations. The scheme seeks to enhance farmer income through targeted interventions, reduce price volatility in Agricultural Markets, minimise post-harvest losses and create robust farm to market linkages. Initially it covered tomato, onion and potato but in 2021 it was expanded to include 22 perishable crops. Hence statements 1 and 3 are correct Operation Greens operates under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries. Hence statement 2 is incorrect Incorrect Solution: A Operation Greens was launched in the Union Budget 2018-19 with an outlay of 500 crore to promote Farmer Producer Organisations. The scheme seeks to enhance farmer income through targeted interventions, reduce price volatility in Agricultural Markets, minimise post-harvest losses and create robust farm to market linkages. Initially it covered tomato, onion and potato but in 2021 it was expanded to include 22 perishable crops. Hence statements 1 and 3 are correct Operation Greens operates under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries. Hence statement 2 is incorrect

#### 13. Question

With reference to Operation Greens, consider the following statements:

• It has been launched under Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana to enhance farmers income through targeted interventions.

• It operates under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare.

• It promotes Farmer Producer Organisations.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• (a) 1 and 3 only

• (b) 2 and 3 only

• (c) 1, 2 and 3

• (d) 1 and 2 only

Solution: A

• Operation Greens was launched in the Union Budget 2018-19 with an outlay of 500 crore to promote Farmer Producer Organisations.

• The scheme seeks to enhance farmer income through targeted interventions, reduce price volatility in Agricultural Markets, minimise post-harvest losses and create robust farm to market linkages.

• Initially it covered tomato, onion and potato but in 2021 it was expanded to include 22 perishable crops.

Hence statements 1 and 3 are correct

• Operation Greens operates under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries.

Hence statement 2 is incorrect

Solution: A

• Operation Greens was launched in the Union Budget 2018-19 with an outlay of 500 crore to promote Farmer Producer Organisations.

• The scheme seeks to enhance farmer income through targeted interventions, reduce price volatility in Agricultural Markets, minimise post-harvest losses and create robust farm to market linkages.

• Initially it covered tomato, onion and potato but in 2021 it was expanded to include 22 perishable crops.

Hence statements 1 and 3 are correct

• Operation Greens operates under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries.

Hence statement 2 is incorrect

• Question 14 of 30 14. Question 1 points The National Agriculture Code has been developed by: (a) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (b) Bureau of Indian Standards (c) National Institute of Agricultural Marketing (d) Central Pollution Control Board Correct Solution: B The National Agriculture Code is an initiative by the Bureau of Indian Standards aimed at standardising agricultural practices in India. The code intends to standardise Agricultural practices as well as provide guidelines for future standardisation in India. It is applicable to all crops but specially focuses on paddy, wheat, oilseed and pulses It encompasses entire Agricultural processes from crop selection to post harvest operations. It also includes standards for storage, processing, irrigation, soil and plants health management The code incorporate standards of natural farming organic farming and the use of internet of things in agriculture. Hence option B is correct Incorrect Solution: B The National Agriculture Code is an initiative by the Bureau of Indian Standards aimed at standardising agricultural practices in India. The code intends to standardise Agricultural practices as well as provide guidelines for future standardisation in India. It is applicable to all crops but specially focuses on paddy, wheat, oilseed and pulses It encompasses entire Agricultural processes from crop selection to post harvest operations. It also includes standards for storage, processing, irrigation, soil and plants health management The code incorporate standards of natural farming organic farming and the use of internet of things in agriculture. Hence option B is correct

#### 14. Question

The National Agriculture Code has been developed by:

• (a) Indian Council of Agricultural Research

• (b) Bureau of Indian Standards

• (c) National Institute of Agricultural Marketing

• (d) Central Pollution Control Board

Solution: B

• The National Agriculture Code is an initiative by the Bureau of Indian Standards aimed at standardising agricultural practices in India.

• The code intends to standardise Agricultural practices as well as provide guidelines for future standardisation in India.

• It is applicable to all crops but specially focuses on paddy, wheat, oilseed and pulses

• It encompasses entire Agricultural processes from crop selection to post harvest operations.

• It also includes standards for storage, processing, irrigation, soil and plants health management

• The code incorporate standards of natural farming organic farming and the use of internet of things in agriculture.

Hence option B is correct

Solution: B

• The National Agriculture Code is an initiative by the Bureau of Indian Standards aimed at standardising agricultural practices in India.

• The code intends to standardise Agricultural practices as well as provide guidelines for future standardisation in India.

• It is applicable to all crops but specially focuses on paddy, wheat, oilseed and pulses

• It encompasses entire Agricultural processes from crop selection to post harvest operations.

• It also includes standards for storage, processing, irrigation, soil and plants health management

• The code incorporate standards of natural farming organic farming and the use of internet of things in agriculture.

Hence option B is correct

• Question 15 of 30 15. Question 1 points Consider the following activities: Lac culture Bee Keeping Mushroom cultivation Making of Rice bran oil How many of the above are included within the ambit of Secondary agriculture ? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: D Secondary agriculture involves adding value to primary Agricultural products and related activities like beekeeping, lac culture, poultry farming, mushroom cultivation agritourism and so on It includes processes converting Agricultural produce, residues and by products into high value items for food, industrial and medicinal uses. Most common examples include making jaggery from sugarcane or extracting oil from Rice bran. To increase the income of farmers, value addition of the produce and utilising the crop residues is attaining high priority Secondary agriculture is high value addition to primary agriculture; it helps in using all parts of an agricultural produce, processing to enhance shelf life, increasing total factor productivity and generating additional job opportunities. Hence option D is correct Incorrect Solution: D Secondary agriculture involves adding value to primary Agricultural products and related activities like beekeeping, lac culture, poultry farming, mushroom cultivation agritourism and so on It includes processes converting Agricultural produce, residues and by products into high value items for food, industrial and medicinal uses. Most common examples include making jaggery from sugarcane or extracting oil from Rice bran. To increase the income of farmers, value addition of the produce and utilising the crop residues is attaining high priority Secondary agriculture is high value addition to primary agriculture; it helps in using all parts of an agricultural produce, processing to enhance shelf life, increasing total factor productivity and generating additional job opportunities. Hence option D is correct

#### 15. Question

Consider the following activities:

• Lac culture

• Bee Keeping

• Mushroom cultivation

• Making of Rice bran oil

How many of the above are included within the ambit of Secondary agriculture ?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: D

• Secondary agriculture involves adding value to primary Agricultural products and related activities like beekeeping, lac culture, poultry farming, mushroom cultivation agritourism and so on

• It includes processes converting Agricultural produce, residues and by products into high value items for food, industrial and medicinal uses.

• Most common examples include making jaggery from sugarcane or extracting oil from Rice bran.

• To increase the income of farmers, value addition of the produce and utilising the crop residues is attaining high priority

• Secondary agriculture is high value addition to primary agriculture; it helps in using all parts of an agricultural produce, processing to enhance shelf life, increasing total factor productivity and generating additional job opportunities.

Hence option D is correct

Solution: D

• Secondary agriculture involves adding value to primary Agricultural products and related activities like beekeeping, lac culture, poultry farming, mushroom cultivation agritourism and so on

• It includes processes converting Agricultural produce, residues and by products into high value items for food, industrial and medicinal uses.

• Most common examples include making jaggery from sugarcane or extracting oil from Rice bran.

• To increase the income of farmers, value addition of the produce and utilising the crop residues is attaining high priority

Hence option D is correct

• Question 16 of 30 16. Question 1 points Consider the following statements: The World Food Programme (WFP) is the largest humanitarian Organisation for food assistance under the United Nations. In partnership with United Nations Volunteers Program, WFP works towards achieving zero hunger globally. The Hunger Hotspot report is released by WFP along with Food and Agriculture Organisation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3 only Correct Solution: C The World Food Programme is the largest humanitarian organisation saving and changing lives worldwide. It is a United Nations Organisation that brings life saving relief in emergencies and use food assistance to build a pathway for peace, stability and prosperity in regions of conflict, natural disasters or impacts of climate change. WFP coordinates with other United Nations agencies often through the UN Development Assistance Framework Agencies such as ILO, UNESCO and UNICEF provides technical assistance to the program in their specific areas of expertise. WFP has a partnership with the United Nations Volunteers program which allows it to engage UN volunteers and online volunteers to support its work to achieve zero hunger Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct Hunger Hotspot is released by WFP along with FAO. The recent publication (2024) warns of rising food insecurity in 22 Nations and regions with the highest alert countries including Sudan, South Sudan, Haiti, Mali and the Palestinian territories- these areas are facing severe levels of acute food insecurity. Hence statement 3 is correct Incorrect Solution: C The World Food Programme is the largest humanitarian organisation saving and changing lives worldwide. It is a United Nations Organisation that brings life saving relief in emergencies and use food assistance to build a pathway for peace, stability and prosperity in regions of conflict, natural disasters or impacts of climate change. WFP coordinates with other United Nations agencies often through the UN Development Assistance Framework Agencies such as ILO, UNESCO and UNICEF provides technical assistance to the program in their specific areas of expertise. WFP has a partnership with the United Nations Volunteers program which allows it to engage UN volunteers and online volunteers to support its work to achieve zero hunger Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct Hunger Hotspot is released by WFP along with FAO. The recent publication (2024) warns of rising food insecurity in 22 Nations and regions with the highest alert countries including Sudan, South Sudan, Haiti, Mali and the Palestinian territories- these areas are facing severe levels of acute food insecurity. Hence statement 3 is correct

#### 16. Question

Consider the following statements:

• The World Food Programme (WFP) is the largest humanitarian Organisation for food assistance under the United Nations.

• In partnership with United Nations Volunteers Program, WFP works towards achieving zero hunger globally.

• The Hunger Hotspot report is released by WFP along with Food and Agriculture Organisation.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) 1, 2 and 3

• (d) 1 and 3 only

Solution: C

• The World Food Programme is the largest humanitarian organisation saving and changing lives worldwide.

• It is a United Nations Organisation that brings life saving relief in emergencies and use food assistance to build a pathway for peace, stability and prosperity in regions of conflict, natural disasters or impacts of climate change.

• WFP coordinates with other United Nations agencies often through the UN Development Assistance Framework

• Agencies such as ILO, UNESCO and UNICEF provides technical assistance to the program in their specific areas of expertise.

• WFP has a partnership with the United Nations Volunteers program which allows it to engage UN volunteers and online volunteers to support its work to achieve zero hunger

Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct

• Hunger Hotspot is released by WFP along with FAO.

• The recent publication (2024) warns of rising food insecurity in 22 Nations and regions with the highest alert countries including Sudan, South Sudan, Haiti, Mali and the Palestinian territories- these areas are facing severe levels of acute food insecurity.

Hence statement 3 is correct

Solution: C

• The World Food Programme is the largest humanitarian organisation saving and changing lives worldwide.

• WFP coordinates with other United Nations agencies often through the UN Development Assistance Framework

• Agencies such as ILO, UNESCO and UNICEF provides technical assistance to the program in their specific areas of expertise.

• WFP has a partnership with the United Nations Volunteers program which allows it to engage UN volunteers and online volunteers to support its work to achieve zero hunger

Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct

• Hunger Hotspot is released by WFP along with FAO.

Hence statement 3 is correct

• Question 17 of 30 17. Question 1 points Mission Mausam has been launched recently under the: (a) Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare (b) Ministry of Science and Technology (c) Ministry of Food Processing Industries (d) Ministry of Earth sciences Correct Solution: D Mission Mausam has been launched under the Ministry of Earth Sciences and the Indian Meteorological Department. It is a transformative initiative aimed at enhancing India’s weather forecasting and climate resilience capabilities It is a comprehensive program to modernise India’s weather and climate monitoring infrastructure, focusing on advanced technologies for atmospheric observations and data analysis The mission aims to make India a weather ready and climate smart Nation Under the mission, next generation radars, satellites and high performance computing system will be deployed for real time monitoring of the atmosphere it will help in stranging weather and climate prediction models with accuracy for short and long terms. Hence option D is correct Incorrect Solution: D Mission Mausam has been launched under the Ministry of Earth Sciences and the Indian Meteorological Department. It is a transformative initiative aimed at enhancing India’s weather forecasting and climate resilience capabilities It is a comprehensive program to modernise India’s weather and climate monitoring infrastructure, focusing on advanced technologies for atmospheric observations and data analysis The mission aims to make India a weather ready and climate smart Nation Under the mission, next generation radars, satellites and high performance computing system will be deployed for real time monitoring of the atmosphere it will help in stranging weather and climate prediction models with accuracy for short and long terms. Hence option D is correct

#### 17. Question

Mission Mausam has been launched recently under the:

• (a) Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare

• (b) Ministry of Science and Technology

• (c) Ministry of Food Processing Industries

• (d) Ministry of Earth sciences

Solution: D

• Mission Mausam has been launched under the Ministry of Earth Sciences and the Indian Meteorological Department.

• It is a transformative initiative aimed at enhancing India’s weather forecasting and climate resilience capabilities

• It is a comprehensive program to modernise India’s weather and climate monitoring infrastructure, focusing on advanced technologies for atmospheric observations and data analysis

• The mission aims to make India a weather ready and climate smart Nation

• Under the mission, next generation radars, satellites and high performance computing system will be deployed for real time monitoring of the atmosphere it will help in stranging weather and climate prediction models with accuracy for short and long terms.

Hence option D is correct

Solution: D

• Mission Mausam has been launched under the Ministry of Earth Sciences and the Indian Meteorological Department.

• It is a transformative initiative aimed at enhancing India’s weather forecasting and climate resilience capabilities

• It is a comprehensive program to modernise India’s weather and climate monitoring infrastructure, focusing on advanced technologies for atmospheric observations and data analysis

• The mission aims to make India a weather ready and climate smart Nation

Hence option D is correct

• Question 18 of 30 18. Question 1 points Consider the following statements: The Global Soil Conference is organised by Indian Society of Soil Sciences under the aegis of International Union of Soil Sciences. The Indian Society for Soil Sciences is one of the founding members of the International Science Council. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: A The Global Soil Conference is an important international event focused on advancing sustainable soil management practices. It is organised by Indian Society of Soil Sciences, New Delhi under the aegis of the International Union of Soil Sciences in collaboration with Indian Council of Agricultural Research and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi. The conference aims to promote Farmer centric solutions for improving soil fertility and resilience, to align soil health initiatives with climate mitigation strategies and global sustainability goals It also encourages partnerships between international institutions in advancing soil Research and formulating sustainable policies. Hence statement 1 is correct The Indian Society for Soil Sciences (ISSS) is not a founding member of the International Science Council (ISC). But the International Union of Soil Sciences, of which ISSS is a member, is a member of the ISC. The International Science Council was created in 2018 by merging of International Council for Science and the International Social Science Council. The ISSS is non-profit and non-governmental organization that was inaugurated in 1935 at presidency College in Calcutta. Hence statement 2 is incorrect Incorrect Solution: A The Global Soil Conference is an important international event focused on advancing sustainable soil management practices. It is organised by Indian Society of Soil Sciences, New Delhi under the aegis of the International Union of Soil Sciences in collaboration with Indian Council of Agricultural Research and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi. The conference aims to promote Farmer centric solutions for improving soil fertility and resilience, to align soil health initiatives with climate mitigation strategies and global sustainability goals It also encourages partnerships between international institutions in advancing soil Research and formulating sustainable policies. Hence statement 1 is correct The Indian Society for Soil Sciences (ISSS) is not a founding member of the International Science Council (ISC). But the International Union of Soil Sciences, of which ISSS is a member, is a member of the ISC. The International Science Council was created in 2018 by merging of International Council for Science and the International Social Science Council. The ISSS is non-profit and non-governmental organization that was inaugurated in 1935 at presidency College in Calcutta. Hence statement 2 is incorrect

#### 18. Question

Consider the following statements:

• The Global Soil Conference is organised by Indian Society of Soil Sciences under the aegis of International Union of Soil Sciences.

• The Indian Society for Soil Sciences is one of the founding members of the International Science Council.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: A

• The Global Soil Conference is an important international event focused on advancing sustainable soil management practices.

• It is organised by Indian Society of Soil Sciences, New Delhi under the aegis of the International Union of Soil Sciences in collaboration with Indian Council of Agricultural Research and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi.

• The conference aims to promote Farmer centric solutions for improving soil fertility and resilience, to align soil health initiatives with climate mitigation strategies and global sustainability goals

• It also encourages partnerships between international institutions in advancing soil Research and formulating sustainable policies.

Hence statement 1 is correct

• The Indian Society for Soil Sciences (ISSS) is not a founding member of the International Science Council (ISC).

• But the International Union of Soil Sciences, of which ISSS is a member, is a member of the ISC.

• The International Science Council was created in 2018 by merging of International Council for Science and the International Social Science Council.

• The ISSS is non-profit and non-governmental organization that was inaugurated in 1935 at presidency College in Calcutta.

Hence statement 2 is incorrect

Solution: A

• The Global Soil Conference is an important international event focused on advancing sustainable soil management practices.

• It also encourages partnerships between international institutions in advancing soil Research and formulating sustainable policies.

Hence statement 1 is correct

• The Indian Society for Soil Sciences (ISSS) is not a founding member of the International Science Council (ISC).

• But the International Union of Soil Sciences, of which ISSS is a member, is a member of the ISC.

• The International Science Council was created in 2018 by merging of International Council for Science and the International Social Science Council.

• The ISSS is non-profit and non-governmental organization that was inaugurated in 1935 at presidency College in Calcutta.

Hence statement 2 is incorrect

• Question 19 of 30 19. Question 1 points The Global Family Farming Forum, recently in news, has been launched by: (a) Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) (b) FAO and IFAD (c) International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (d) World Bank and UNICEF Correct Solution: B The Global Family Farming Forum has been launched during the World Food Forum jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organisation and the International Fund for Agricultural Development. The forum recognises the vital role of family farmers in creating sustainable agrifood systems and mitigating climate change challenges It marks the midpoint of the United Nations Decade of family farming (2019-2028) Family farms represent over 90% of the world’s 550 million farms and their responsible for about 70-80% of the world’s food production by value; these farms essential for conserving crop biodiversity and management of natural resources. Hence option B is correct Incorrect Solution: B The Global Family Farming Forum has been launched during the World Food Forum jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organisation and the International Fund for Agricultural Development. The forum recognises the vital role of family farmers in creating sustainable agrifood systems and mitigating climate change challenges It marks the midpoint of the United Nations Decade of family farming (2019-2028) Family farms represent over 90% of the world’s 550 million farms and their responsible for about 70-80% of the world’s food production by value; these farms essential for conserving crop biodiversity and management of natural resources. Hence option B is correct

#### 19. Question

The Global Family Farming Forum, recently in news, has been launched by:

• (a) Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)

• (b) FAO and IFAD

• (c) International Centre for Research in Agroforestry

• (d) World Bank and UNICEF

Solution: B

• The Global Family Farming Forum has been launched during the World Food Forum jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organisation and the International Fund for Agricultural Development.

• The forum recognises the vital role of family farmers in creating sustainable agrifood systems and mitigating climate change challenges

• It marks the midpoint of the United Nations Decade of family farming (2019-2028)

• Family farms represent over 90% of the world’s 550 million farms and their responsible for about 70-80% of the world’s food production by value; these farms essential for conserving crop biodiversity and management of natural resources.

Hence option B is correct

Solution: B

• The Global Family Farming Forum has been launched during the World Food Forum jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organisation and the International Fund for Agricultural Development.

• The forum recognises the vital role of family farmers in creating sustainable agrifood systems and mitigating climate change challenges

• It marks the midpoint of the United Nations Decade of family farming (2019-2028)

Hence option B is correct

• Question 20 of 30 20. Question 1 points Consider the following statements regarding National Mission on Edible Oils – Oilseeds: It aims to double the production of oilseeds from the present 2024-25 levels within 5 years to promote export of oilseeds. The Seed Authentication Traceability and Holistic Inventory (SATHI) portal has been set up to enable collaboration between states and Farmer Producer Organisations. It promotes collection of oil seeds from secondary sources including Tree Borne oils and corn oil. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 2 only (b) 1 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: C The National Mission on Edible Oils -Oilseeds will focus on enhancing production of key primary oil seed groups like Rapeseed, Mustard, groundnut, soyabean, sunflower and sesame as well as increase collection and extraction efficiency from secondary sources. It intends to increase primary oil seed production from 39 million tonnes 2022- 23 to 69.7 million tonnes by 2030-31. The mission along with NMEO-Oil Palm, targets to increase domestic edible oil production to 25.45 million tonnes by 2030-31 meeting around 72% of domestic requirement. Hence statement 1 is incorrect To ensure the timely availability of quality seeds, the mission will introduce an online 5 years rolling seed plan through the SATHI portal enabling States to establish advanced tie ups with seed producing agencies including cooperatives, FPOs, and government or private seed Corporations. Hence statement 2 is correct Under the mission support will be extended to FPOs, Cooperatives and industry players to establish or upgrade post-harvest units, enhancing recovery from sources such as cotton seed, Rice bran, corn oil and Tree Borne oils. Hence statement 3 is correct Incorrect Solution: C The National Mission on Edible Oils -Oilseeds will focus on enhancing production of key primary oil seed groups like Rapeseed, Mustard, groundnut, soyabean, sunflower and sesame as well as increase collection and extraction efficiency from secondary sources. It intends to increase primary oil seed production from 39 million tonnes 2022- 23 to 69.7 million tonnes by 2030-31. The mission along with NMEO-Oil Palm, targets to increase domestic edible oil production to 25.45 million tonnes by 2030-31 meeting around 72% of domestic requirement. Hence statement 1 is incorrect To ensure the timely availability of quality seeds, the mission will introduce an online 5 years rolling seed plan through the SATHI portal enabling States to establish advanced tie ups with seed producing agencies including cooperatives, FPOs, and government or private seed Corporations. Hence statement 2 is correct Under the mission support will be extended to FPOs, Cooperatives and industry players to establish or upgrade post-harvest units, enhancing recovery from sources such as cotton seed, Rice bran, corn oil and Tree Borne oils. Hence statement 3 is correct

#### 20. Question

Consider the following statements regarding National Mission on Edible Oils – Oilseeds:

• It aims to double the production of oilseeds from the present 2024-25 levels within 5 years to promote export of oilseeds.

• The Seed Authentication Traceability and Holistic Inventory (SATHI) portal has been set up to enable collaboration between states and Farmer Producer Organisations.

• It promotes collection of oil seeds from secondary sources including Tree Borne oils and corn oil.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• (a) 2 only

• (b) 1 only

• (c) 2 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: C

• The National Mission on Edible Oils -Oilseeds will focus on enhancing production of key primary oil seed groups like Rapeseed, Mustard, groundnut, soyabean, sunflower and sesame as well as increase collection and extraction efficiency from secondary sources.

• It intends to increase primary oil seed production from 39 million tonnes 2022- 23 to 69.7 million tonnes by 2030-31.

• The mission along with NMEO-Oil Palm, targets to increase domestic edible oil production to 25.45 million tonnes by 2030-31 meeting around 72% of domestic requirement.

Hence statement 1 is incorrect

• To ensure the timely availability of quality seeds, the mission will introduce an online 5 years rolling seed plan through the SATHI portal enabling States to establish advanced tie ups with seed producing agencies including cooperatives, FPOs, and government or private seed Corporations.

Hence statement 2 is correct

• Under the mission support will be extended to FPOs, Cooperatives and industry players to establish or upgrade post-harvest units, enhancing recovery from sources such as cotton seed, Rice bran, corn oil and Tree Borne oils.

Hence statement 3 is correct

Solution: C

• It intends to increase primary oil seed production from 39 million tonnes 2022- 23 to 69.7 million tonnes by 2030-31.

• The mission along with NMEO-Oil Palm, targets to increase domestic edible oil production to 25.45 million tonnes by 2030-31 meeting around 72% of domestic requirement.

Hence statement 1 is incorrect

Hence statement 2 is correct

Hence statement 3 is correct

• Question 21 of 30 21. Question 1 points With reference to the Zorawar Light Tank, consider the following statements: It is jointly developed by DRDO and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) as the lead integrator. It is designed to operate in high-altitude areas, marginal terrains, and island territories. It is equipped with features like Artificial Intelligence, Drone Integration, and amphibious capability. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) All three Correct Solution: B Zorawar Light Tank: Zorawar Light Tank is an indigenously developed light tank designed to meet the Indian Army’s operational requirements in high-altitude and rugged terrains. It is jointly developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) with Larsen & Toubro (L&T) as the lead integrator, not Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL). (Hence, statement 1 is incorrect) The tank is specifically designed to operate in high-altitude areas, marginal terrains, and island territories, providing strategic mobility and versatility in diverse combat environments. (Hence, statement 2 is correct) The tank is equipped with modern technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Drone Integration, advanced situational awareness systems, and amphibious capability. These features allow it to adapt to emerging warfare scenarios and increase survivability and effectiveness. (Hence, statement 3 is correct) Other Features: Maximum weight: ~25 tonnes – allows air portability. High angle of fire – can act in a limited artillery role. Balanced optimization of firepower, mobility, and protection within light tank specifications. Expected induction into the Indian Army: by 2027 after completion of trials. https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2054675 Incorrect Solution: B Zorawar Light Tank: Zorawar Light Tank is an indigenously developed light tank designed to meet the Indian Army’s operational requirements in high-altitude and rugged terrains. It is jointly developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) with Larsen & Toubro (L&T) as the lead integrator, not Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL). (Hence, statement 1 is incorrect) The tank is specifically designed to operate in high-altitude areas, marginal terrains, and island territories, providing strategic mobility and versatility in diverse combat environments. (Hence, statement 2 is correct) The tank is equipped with modern technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Drone Integration, advanced situational awareness systems, and amphibious capability. These features allow it to adapt to emerging warfare scenarios and increase survivability and effectiveness. (Hence, statement 3 is correct) Other Features: Maximum weight: ~25 tonnes – allows air portability. High angle of fire – can act in a limited artillery role. Balanced optimization of firepower, mobility, and protection within light tank specifications. Expected induction into the Indian Army: by 2027 after completion of trials. https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2054675

#### 21. Question

With reference to the Zorawar Light Tank, consider the following statements:

• It is jointly developed by DRDO and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) as the lead integrator.

• It is designed to operate in high-altitude areas, marginal terrains, and island territories.

• It is equipped with features like Artificial Intelligence, Drone Integration, and amphibious capability.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 2 and 3 only

• (c) 1 and 3 only

• (d) All three

Solution: B

Zorawar Light Tank:

• Zorawar Light Tank is an indigenously developed light tank designed to meet the Indian Army’s operational requirements in high-altitude and rugged terrains. It is jointly developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) with Larsen & Toubro (L&T) as the lead integrator, not Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL). (Hence, statement 1 is incorrect)

• The tank is specifically designed to operate in high-altitude areas, marginal terrains, and island territories, providing strategic mobility and versatility in diverse combat environments. (Hence, statement 2 is correct)

• The tank is equipped with modern technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Drone Integration, advanced situational awareness systems, and amphibious capability. These features allow it to adapt to emerging warfare scenarios and increase survivability and effectiveness. (Hence, statement 3 is correct)

• Other Features: Maximum weight: ~25 tonnes – allows air portability. High angle of fire – can act in a limited artillery role. Balanced optimization of firepower, mobility, and protection within light tank specifications. Expected induction into the Indian Army: by 2027 after completion of trials.

• Maximum weight: ~25 tonnes – allows air portability.

• High angle of fire – can act in a limited artillery role.

• Balanced optimization of firepower, mobility, and protection within light tank specifications.

• Expected induction into the Indian Army: by 2027 after completion of trials.

https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2054675

Solution: B

Zorawar Light Tank:

• Maximum weight: ~25 tonnes – allows air portability.

• High angle of fire – can act in a limited artillery role.

• Balanced optimization of firepower, mobility, and protection within light tank specifications.

• Expected induction into the Indian Army: by 2027 after completion of trials.

https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2054675

• Question 22 of 30 22. Question 1 points With reference to the Global Operational Network of Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement Authorities (GlobE Network), consider the following statements: The GlobE Network was launched during India’s G-20 presidency to promote cross-border cooperation in combating corruption. It is supported by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), which also serves as its secretariat. India is a member of the Network, with the Ministry of Home Affairs acting as the nodal authority. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) All three Correct Solution: B Global Operational Network of Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement Authorities (GlobE Network): Launch and Origin: The GlobE Network was officially launched on June 3, 2021, during the UN General Assembly Special Session against Corruption. It was not launched during India’s G-20 presidency. (Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect) Purpose: It is an international platform designed to promote cross-border cooperation and exchange of information among anti-corruption law enforcement agencies. The platform facilitates real-time information sharing, intelligence coordination, and capacity building. Support and Secretariat: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) supports the network and serves as its secretariat. (Hence, Statement 2 is correct) Membership and Indian Role: As of now, the network includes 121 countries and 219 member authorities. India is a member of the GlobE Network. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the nodal authority for India. Agencies such as the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and Enforcement Directorate (ED) represent India in the network. (Hence, Statement 3 is correct) G-20 Relevance: During India’s G-20 presidency (2023), high-level principles for combating corruption were adopted, including leveraging the GlobE Network — but the network itself was not launched during this period. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-elected-to-globe-network-steering-committee-in-beijing/article68686063.ece Incorrect Solution: B Global Operational Network of Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement Authorities (GlobE Network): Launch and Origin: The GlobE Network was officially launched on June 3, 2021, during the UN General Assembly Special Session against Corruption. It was not launched during India’s G-20 presidency. (Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect) Purpose: It is an international platform designed to promote cross-border cooperation and exchange of information among anti-corruption law enforcement agencies. The platform facilitates real-time information sharing, intelligence coordination, and capacity building. Support and Secretariat: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) supports the network and serves as its secretariat. (Hence, Statement 2 is correct) Membership and Indian Role: As of now, the network includes 121 countries and 219 member authorities. India is a member of the GlobE Network. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the nodal authority for India. Agencies such as the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and Enforcement Directorate (ED) represent India in the network. (Hence, Statement 3 is correct) G-20 Relevance: During India’s G-20 presidency (2023), high-level principles for combating corruption were adopted, including leveraging the GlobE Network — but the network itself was not launched during this period. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-elected-to-globe-network-steering-committee-in-beijing/article68686063.ece

#### 22. Question

With reference to the Global Operational Network of Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement Authorities (GlobE Network), consider the following statements:

• The GlobE Network was launched during India’s G-20 presidency to promote cross-border cooperation in combating corruption.

• It is supported by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), which also serves as its secretariat.

• India is a member of the Network, with the Ministry of Home Affairs acting as the nodal authority.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 2 and 3 only

• (c) 1 and 3 only

• (d) All three

Solution: B

Global Operational Network of Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement Authorities (GlobE Network):

• Launch and Origin: The GlobE Network was officially launched on June 3, 2021, during the UN General Assembly Special Session against Corruption. It was not launched during India’s G-20 presidency. (Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect)

• The GlobE Network was officially launched on June 3, 2021, during the UN General Assembly Special Session against Corruption.

• It was not launched during India’s G-20 presidency. (Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect)

• Purpose: It is an international platform designed to promote cross-border cooperation and exchange of information among anti-corruption law enforcement agencies. The platform facilitates real-time information sharing, intelligence coordination, and capacity building.

• It is an international platform designed to promote cross-border cooperation and exchange of information among anti-corruption law enforcement agencies.

• The platform facilitates real-time information sharing, intelligence coordination, and capacity building.

• Support and Secretariat: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) supports the network and serves as its secretariat. (Hence, Statement 2 is correct)

• The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) supports the network and serves as its secretariat. (Hence, Statement 2 is correct)

• Membership and Indian Role: As of now, the network includes 121 countries and 219 member authorities. India is a member of the GlobE Network. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the nodal authority for India. Agencies such as the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and Enforcement Directorate (ED) represent India in the network. (Hence, Statement 3 is correct)

• As of now, the network includes 121 countries and 219 member authorities.

• India is a member of the GlobE Network.

• The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the nodal authority for India.

• Agencies such as the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and Enforcement Directorate (ED) represent India in the network. (Hence, Statement 3 is correct)

• G-20 Relevance: During India’s G-20 presidency (2023), high-level principles for combating corruption were adopted, including leveraging the GlobE Network — but the network itself was not launched during this period.

• During India’s G-20 presidency (2023), high-level principles for combating corruption were adopted, including leveraging the GlobE Network — but the network itself was not launched during this period.

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-elected-to-globe-network-steering-committee-in-beijing/article68686063.ece